颜料与涂料之——防锈颜料

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1 Pb 3 4 Pb Pb Pb 23 ~ 79 2PbC 3 Pb(H) 2 + 1/2 2 Pb C 2 + H Pb 2 Pb NaH Na 4 Pb 4 + 2Pb(H) 2 Pb HAc 2Pb(Ac) 2 + 2H 2 + Pb Pb 3 4 6Pb + 2 (1) (Pb 2 Pb 4 ) Pb 2+ Fe 2+ Fe 2 Pb 4 Fe 3+ Fe Pb Fe Fe 4 (Pb 4 ) 3 Fe Pb Fe Pb Fe Pb Fe (2) Pb(H) 2 H 2 2 H 4 Pb 4 Pb H 2 + 2e 3Pb + H - 2Pb + 2H + 2Pb(H) 2 + Pb 2+ Pb(H) 2 + H 2 2 H 4 Pb 4 H 4 Pb 4 + Fe(H) 2 Pb(H) 2 + Fe H 2 Pb % Pb(H) 2 Fe 2+

2 (3) 8 ~ 9 (4) Pb 2+ S 2-4 Cl - C 2-3 PbS 4 PbCl 2 PbC 3 (5) Fe 2 3 Fe(H) Buckman 1962 Buckman Pera Busan 11-M1 Ba(B 2 ) 2H Ba 57.0% B 9.0% 33.2% H 0.8% 90% (Ba(B 2 ) 2H 2 ) 0.35 ~ 35 µm 8 3 µm % 0.3% ph El-Saawy ph 9.3 ph ph ph 9 El-Saawy

3 1. 2., ph % 1847 Murdock Clarke Heckel Cushman ( Cr +6 ) ( ZnCr 4 ) 1937 Brizzolara 4Zn K 2 4Cr 3 v3h Tarr Darrin Tubbs 4Zn Cr 3 3H 2 4Zn 4Cr 3 K 2 3H ( Cr 3 ) Cr 3 35 ~ 45% 17 5Zn Cr 3 4H 2

4 8-1 (%) Zn Cr 3 K 2 H 2 4Zn 4Cr 3 K 2 3H Zn 1.12Cr K 2 3H Zn Cr 3 3H Zn Cr 3 4H ~ ~ ~ 3.97 (%) (g Cr 3/L) LD 50(g/Kg) Cr 3 (%) Bakelite Bakelite (%) (%) % ( ) ( PVC) 10 ~ 15% ,000 SrCr 4

5 96% ~ 90 g/m 2 43 ~ 47% 600 ~ 650 g/l , BaK 2 (Cr 4 ) 2 BaCr 4 K 2 Cr 4 IS Ba 56% Cr % % 300 g/l ( CaCr 4 ) 64.1% 60% Ca (g/l ) (g/l ) ( ) Coslctt Zn 3 (P 4 ) 2 2H Zn 48.54% P 15.33% 25.63% H 0.50% 4 α β γ Zn 3 (P 4 ) 2 nh 2 ( n = ) 3.0 ~ ~ 1.6 ph 6.5 ~ % 16%

6 15 ~ 50 g/100 g 1% 0.5 ~ 4 µm BS 5193 Zn 3 (P 4 ) 2 2H ~ 52% ~ 10.0% 45.5 ~ 47.6% X BS 5193 Meyer 1963 Me-Zn-P 2 5 -H -CH -H -CH Harrison PVC PVC 30 ~ 35% µm 1000 )

7 Williams Pitrot γ- 2 -PbSi 3 3Pb PhCr 4 Pb I II Pb(%) 46.0 ~ ~ 46.0 Si 2 (%) 45.5 ~ ~ 50.5 Cr 3 (%) 5.1 ~ ~ 7.2 Pb:Cr 3 ( ) 4:1 3:1 Pb:Cr 3 ( ) 8.9:1 6.7:1 8-6 Pb Cr 3 Si 2 Cl S 2-4 Fe I II I II (g/cm ) (m /cm 3 ) (µm ) 7 4 (kω /cm 2 ) (%) 10 ~ ~ 19 ph 8.3 ~ ~ (%) (%)

8 K-White ~ 3.1 ( P ) Me x Fe y (P 4 ) z AlH 2 P H ph 6.5 ± 1 (%) (%) 0.5 (%) 1.5 (%) 37 ± ( ZnMo 4 ) Zn 29% Mo 42.6% 28.4% ( Zn ZnMo 4 ) ( xzn ZnMo 4 ) ( CaMo 4 ) 75% 7:3 xzn yb 2 3 zh Zn 3B H Zn 2B 2 3 4H 2 Zn B 2 3 H 2 Zinc Borate 2Zn 3B H 2 Zn 37.45% B % H % FIREBRAKE-ZB ZB-2335 ZB-112 ZB-237 ZB

9 8-8 (g/100 g) 45 (g/cm 3 ) 2.8 (µm ) 2 ~ ( ) 980 ZB-2335( ) ZB-325( ( ABS ( ) ( )( ) 25 ~ 70% 1926 CaZn 2 (P 4 ) 2 2H 2 CaHP 4 2H 2 Zn MgHP 4 3H 2 Zn MgHP 4 3H 2 CaHP 4 2H 2 (Fe x Cr y Na z )P 4 xh 2 ( Mg/Ca) ZnMo 4 CaMo 4 Zn ZnHP 3 Nalzin-2 Albright & Wilson Mg 3 (P 4 ) 2 8H 2 MgHP 4 3H 2 CaHP 4 2H 2 CaHP 4 Halox 1. CrP 4 3H 2 CAS Cr 27% P % g/100 g 26% 2. CAS # 2# (%) 5.5 ~ ~ ~ 5 (%) 11.6 ~ ~ ~ 39 P 2 3 (%) 42.0 ~ ~ ~ 37 Si 2 (%) 13.0 ~ ~ (%) ~ 16

10 (µm ) 0.5 ~ ~ ~ 10 (%) < 1.0 < P ~ 2.5% Zn ZnHP 3 Zn 2 (H)P 3 CAS ~ 20 g/100 g ~ 3 µm 0.01 g/100 cm s/cm 0.04 g/l ( H 3 P 3 ) (Na 3 P 3 (Zn(H) 2 ) (ZnS 4 7H 2 ) 5. Fe 2 P CAS % 24% 2.5% 3.0% FeP Si ~ 5 µm PbCN 2 CAS % 83%( CN 2 )16% ( ZnCN 2 ) ( ) % 20% 25 4% 950 4% ph 2 45 CaCN 2 + Pb(N 3 ) 2 PbCN 2 + Ca(N 3 ) 2 ZnCN 2 CAS % 34% 50 m 2 /g 0.88 ph CaCN 2 + Zn(N 3 ) 2 ZnCN 2 + Ca(N 3 ) 2

11 Ca 2 Pb ~ 57% ph 11 ~ 12 ph 90% 55% 750 Ca/Si ~ 5 µm 40 ~ 60 g/100 g 5 ~ 10% ph Grace Shieldex AC3 AC5 ( Si-H) ( ) 100 g 650 ml 25 ml 2.45 mol/l ( Ca(N 3 ) 2 ) 2 3 Ca C ) E ) Si 2 Al 2 3 Ca Mg B 2 3 K 2 Na Ba 2 ~ 5 µm 2 ~ 5 µm 0.2 ~ 3 mm

1 S P Cl Pro 2 K Na Ca Mg K Na Ca Mg % 1 6%-9% 2 1%-3% 3 70%-80% 4 P Ca Fe Cu Co Zn Se Mn Mo Ni Cr P Ca 5 VB V B1 Vpp V B2 B3 VE

1 2 1 V Pro 2 3 1 Pro 2 Fe2+ Fe3+ 3 Vc 4 Vc 5 1-12% 45-64% 4 1 S P Cl Pro 2 K Na Ca Mg K Na Ca Mg 3 1-2 11-14% 1 6%-9% 2 1%-3% 3 70%-80% 4 P Ca Fe Cu Co Zn Se Mn Mo Ni Cr P Ca 5 VB V B1 Vpp V B2 B3 VE