风电并网技术

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鞭云
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3 MW kwh 35kV km 500kV km 35kV kva 500kV kva AC 500kV DC 500kV AC 1000kV DC 800kV 3

4 kW 1474kW.h 1209kW.h 4

5 % 0.14% 24.24% 74.03%

6 1. 6

7 1. 7

8 MW MW % MW 338, , , , ,000 31,000 40,300 47,317 8

9 MW <10MW MW~30MW 21 30MW~40MW 2 35kV 66kV 9

10 MW 100MW MW 200MW 200MW 150MW MW 200MW 150MW 10

11 (MW) 1,000 4,000 10,000 20,000 11

13 3. 13

14 3. 14

16 4. Technical issues of wind power integration Technical regulation of wind power integration Grid Codes Network Codes 16

17 4. A A0 A1 A2 B B1 C C1 D 4 D1 17

23 4. Pn,Qn,Sn,Un,In Pmc 10 P60(60) P0.2(0.2) Q 10 c(ψk, Va) ψk Va 10 2 N10,N120 kf(ψk) ku (ψk) ψk Ih

24 4. Pn: Qn: Sn: In: 24

25 4. 6 A0 A1 A2 B1 C1 D1 Pmc Pmc>Pn Pmc=Pn Pmc=Pn Pmc=Pn Pmc=Pn Pmc=Pn 60 P60 P60>Pn P60=Pn P60=Pn P60=Pn P60=Pn P60=Pn 0.2 P0.2 P0.2>Pn P0.2=Pn P0.2=Pn P0.2=Pn P0.2=Pn P0.2=Pn Q f(p) f(p) f(p) f(p) * * c(ψk, Va) 10 N10 CPS CPS CPS CPS CPS CPS 2 N120 CPS CPS CPS CPS CPS CPS kf(ψk) ku (ψk) Ih * * * * CPS= * 25

26 4. 26

27 4. 35kV 10% 10kV±7% 220V -10%~+7% 2% 4% 1.3% ±0.2Hz ±0.5Hz ±0.2Hz 27

28 4. PWM 28

29 4. 7 ( ) ( ) ( ) LGJ ( ) (95-150)

30 kV MVA 0.5 m/s 3.0 m/s 5.0 m/s 30 ºC ºC

31 4., ( ) 31

32 4. 2 ( A/ mm ) h

33 4. LGJ LGJ-240 (h) ( A / mm ) LGJ-240(A) kV(MW) kV(MW)

34 4. LGJ-240 Xb Pz P1+JQ1 R+JX P2+JQ2 V X 0.388* Xb = = = = ohm I WC 2.84 JWC/2 JWC/2 2 V Pz = = MW Xb 9 34

35 4. kv MW*km 1 km 1 MW 2 km 2 MW

36 4. (kv) (MW) (Mvar/100km) LJG LJG LGJ LJG YJV22_3* LJGQ LJGQ-2* LJGQ-4*400 36

37 4. 13 (%) 35 kv +10%~-10% 38.5kV 31.5 kv 10 kv +7%~-7% 10.7 kv 9.3 kv 380V +7%~-7% 406.6V 353.4V 220V +5%~-10% 231V 198V : kv 10%

38 4. 14 (330kV ) 500kV 550kV 330kV 363kV min 38

39 4. 15 (220KV ) (KV) (KV) (KV) %~-0% %~-3% %~-3% %~-3%

40 4. 16 (220KV ) (KV) (KV) (KV) %~-5% %~-10% %~-10% %~-10%

41 kv / 220 kv 0.95~1.0 0.~ kv 0.9~1.0 0.~ kv 0.9~1.0 0.~ kv 0.9~1.0 0.~

42 4. 42

43 4. = f f 50±0.1Hz 50±0.2Hz 49~50.3Hz 48.5~50.5Hz 0.1 s df in Hz 43

44 4. 1~30s 10~15min AGC/ 3~5% Pn 15% Pn 15min f f 44

45 4. 45

46 4. cos cos 46

47 4. Generators Transformer Main Transformer PCC 66kV 220kV Converter Control Supervisory Control

48 4. Capacitive Compensators Flow from Other Areas Generators Lightly Loaded Overhead Lines Cable Circuits Heavily Loaded Overhead Lines Inductive Compensation Generators Consumer Lo ad s Transformers Flow to Other Areas 11 48

49 4. 49

50 4. Reactive Power Constant PF Rating Point Active Power 12 P-Q 50

51 Scotland Delta Frequency (Hz) Scotland Scotland Scotland Time (seconds) / - 2.5Hz 60 +/- 3Hz 1 +/- 5Hz 51

52 4. EON Voltage (PU) Lower value of voltage band Time (seconds) Time (seconds) 14 Voltage (PU) Scotland Scotland EON France 0.80 Denmark EON Australia 0.00 Denmark EON 52

53 4. 1 E.ON, ESBNG E.ON 10% 10% ESBNG % 53

54 5. 54

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