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联求展毛
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1 數理類 (Film, Data, Video) Film Path Film Data 錄 Digital Postproduction 理, 數 V to D DDR D to V DDR Video *Decomp Video TV DVD Electronic and Video Path 1

2 數 Digital Intermediate Original Negative (16mm) Video/CG input Original Negative 35mm Digital Recording Scanning Intermediate Original Negative Digital Source Color Duplicate Negative Color Release Print Master Color Master Positive Color Release Print Color Duplicate Negative Color Release Print 數 Digital Intermediate 2

3 數流理 Audio 力 6k, 4k,2k 1920 to 2k FILM > HD Video HD Video DVcam Etc 10 Bit Logarithmic 14 Bit Linear HD 8:8:8 HD 4:4:4 HD 4:2:2 SD 4:4:4 SD 4:2:2 Etc 理 4k 2k HD Video SD Video DVD Etc Digital Intermediate 3

4 數列數領 () 來來數 Video 數 Video 來數數行數力更力 4

5 數 Digital Intermediate Computer Graphics Other (Video, etc.) 數. 粒 Audio 5

6 SPECIAL EFFECTS 行 DI 行來數 Film Digital Intermediate 路樂 TV Other I/Ps SDTV & HDTV DVD 6

7 率錄錄 : 錄了不行不數 - 來錄數不 7

8 數, 力更 (fades, dissolves, etc.) 理力 (,) Image Spaces 力利度 Resolution and Sharpness 理 Color Management Calibration 8

9 不不 ; DI 流了數數 FX 數錄 FX 數錄 9

10 數 Space Image Value Spatial Sampling Dynamic Range Aliasing Ratio Density Continuous Range 18 to 20 stops of scene None Digital values Pixels defined by number of pixels/line and number lines/ frame. Generally 2K to 6K pixels/line Depends on number of bits and RGB mapping. Typically 10 bits printing density Increases to 100% on image feature whose width is equal to one line spacing FX Digital values Pixels defined by number of pixels/line and number lines/frame. Depends on number of bits and RGB mapping. Typically 16 bits linear or floating point Increases to 100% on image feature whose width is equal to one line spacing 錄 Digital values Pixels defined by number of pixels/line and number lines/frame. Generally 2K to 6K pixels/line Depends on number of bits and RGB mapping. Generally 10 bits log Increases to 100% on image feature whose width is equal to one line spacing Density Continuous Range 18 to 20 stops (260,000:1 to 1,000,000:1) referred to screen None Density Continuous Depends on film. Range 13 to 18 stops (12,000:1 to 250,000:1) None 力度利數力 (35 mm, full aperture): 2K 3K 4K 8K 2048 x x x x cycles/mm 60 cycles/mm 80 cycles/mm 160 cycles/mm 2K 35 mm 10

11 SAMPLING AND PERCEIVED QUALITY Sampling errors or artifacts have different visibility depending on the distance of viewing. HOW MANY BITS? 亮度, 亮數 log, 例度, 更來 10 bit log 10 bit log 12 to 13 bit linear 16 bit linear 來 8 bit 10 bit 12 bit 16 bit 32 bit 2 8 gradations 2 10 gradations 2 12 gradations 2 16 gradations 2 32 gradations or floating point 256 intensity levels 1024 intensity levels 4096 intensity levels intensity levels 4.3 billion intensity levels 11

12 QUANTIZATION AND BIT DEPTH (B&W) 2 Levels (1 Bit) 4 Levels (2 Bits) 8 Levels (3 Bits) 16 Levels (4 Bits) QUANTIZATION AND BIT DEPTH (COLOR) 5 bits / color 3 bits / color 12

13 Gamuts on an x-y Chart Spectral Locus Film Gamut Rec HDTV AHG Recommendation y x 色彩管理的需求降流數 13

14 人類對色彩的感知類刺理論綠藍錄 Film, 了離量狀, 金. 金. CCD, (electron), 洞 (electrical well). 數量 CCD 量洞度. CCD 14

15 錄, 度 / / 利度. 列 ( 連錄力 ). 數 video, 狀 CCD. 錄. 見 B G R 400 nm 500nm 600 nm 700nm Wavelength (nanometers) 15

16 藍綠 Yellow Magenta Cyan () 列彩色電影底片剖面圖 ( 沖洗後 ) 16

17 (Amount of Light Hitting Film) Density Relative Log Exposure (Amount of Information Recorded) Electrons Captured 度 -Video Clipping Occurs Here Increased Exposure 理 COLOR MANAGEMENT 理 = 理, 17

18 鍊立立 CINEON/DPX file DI 設備初始設定根據製造商的建議規範設定設備初始狀態已知色彩特性維持設定 18

19 設備調校量錄度色域標定 Gamut Mapping 壓縮修正演算法 19

20 色域標定 : 壓縮 vs 裁減理獨立的調校軟體兩步驟設定最佳化產生一個拷貝片風貌視覺 3D LUT 20

21 理 HD DATA HD HD to 10 bit log 理 Kodak Display Manager 數 LAD 錄 Digital LAD (code value) R-445 G-445 B

Digital LAD Digital LAD 數錄數 Digital LAD 錄 90% ( 亮 ) ->(code value) = 685 18%

22 Digital LAD Digital LAD 數錄數 Digital LAD 錄 90% ( 亮 ) ->(code value) = % () ->(code value) = 470 2% () ->(code value) = 180 (D-min) ->(code value) = 95 22

23 KODAK Telecine Analysis Film (TAF) - Waveform monitor Vectorscope Image 量度狀數 ( ) 便 23

24 Kodak Gray Card Plus White Gray White 80 IRE Gray 45 IRE Black 20 IRE ( 7.5IRE) Black 柯達色彩科學料 Digital DPX XYZ Perceptual Out of Gamut Remapping XYZ 識 24

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