01Introduction_Three Baskets of the Dharma

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "01Introduction_Three Baskets of the Dharma"

右夷史
6 years ago
Views:

1 Three Baskets of the Dharma: The history and development of the Chinese Buddhist Canon 簡說漢譯佛教大藏經的發展與數位藏經的編輯杜正民 Aming Tu Dharma Drum Buddhist College, DDBC Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association, CBETA

深入經藏 Deeply Enter the Sutra Treasury Photo by Allen H. http://www.yelp.

2 深入經藏 Deeply Enter the Sutra Treasury Photo by Allen H. JnNgkUqu66qew

3 Topics for tonight 1. How were the Buddha's teachings recorded and organized into written form? 2. How did the Chinese Buddhist scriptures evolve over the centuries and into the modern time?

4 1. How were the Buddha's teachings recorded and organized into written form? Three Baskets of the Dharma Tri - piṭaka Sutra Vinaya Abhidharma 經律論

6 2. How did the Chinese Buddhist scriptures evolve over the centuries and into the modern time? The history and development of the Chinese Buddhist Canon 1) 漢譯佛教大藏經演化簡史 The Chinese Buddhist scriptures evolve over the centuries 與 2) 數位藏經的編輯 and into the modern time

7 心經影壁

8 三要素 3 Elements : Spatial Temporal & Language 1) Space ( 空間 ) 傳播 Spread 2) Time ( 時間 ) 發展 Development 3) Language ( 語言 ) 問題 Problem

9 講要 Outline 1. 前言 : 三要素 3 elements 空間 Spatial 2. 印度 India 1) 南傳 Southern Buddhism 2) 北傳 Northern Buddhism 3. 中國 China 時間 Temporal 4. 過去 Past 5. 現在 Present 6. 未來 Future 語言 Language 7. 結語 : Union Catalogs

10 1. 空間 Spatial 1) 印度 India 南傳 Southern Buddhism -- The teachings of Buddhism that spread south to Sri Lanka and Southeast Asian countries, such as Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia (based on the Pali scriptures) 北傳 Northern Buddhism -- The teachings of Buddhism that spread north from India to Central Asia, Tibet, China, Korea, and Japan (based on the Sanskrit scriptures) 印度撰述部 (Indian Works) 2) 中國 China 傳譯 Translation + 造疏 Commentary 中國撰述部 (Chinese Works)

11 譯經 ( 印度撰述部, Indian Works)

12 造疏 ( 中國撰述部, Chinese Works)

13 印度撰述部, Indian Works 中國撰述部, Chinese Works

14 載體 Material : 1. 過去 (past) 時間 Temporal 貝業 Palm leaf 寫本 Manuscript 刻本 Block-printing 2. 現在 (present) 紙本藏經 Paper Edition 數位藏經 Digital Edition 3. 未來 (future)

15 口傳 Oral Transmission

16 第一次結集 First Council The first Buddhist Council was held soon after the mahaparinirvana of the Buddha

17 結集 Councils 1 First Buddhist council (c. 400 BCE) 2 Second Buddhist council (c. 4th century BCE) 3 Third Buddhist council (c. 247 BCE) 4 The Fourth Buddhist Councils 5 (Fifth Buddhist council) Theravada Buddhist council in (Sixth Buddhist Council) Theravada Buddhist council in 1954

2498-2500 年 (1954-1956) Mahāpāsāna guhā ( 大石窟 )

18 第六次聖典結集 Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana The Sixth Buddhist Council 佛歷 B.E 年 ( ) Mahāpāsāna guhā ( 大石窟 ) %AD%E6%AC%A1%E7%BB%93%E9%9B%86&variant=zh-hant

19 佛典語言 Languages 1. 南傳 Southern Buddhism Pali Tripitaka (in different Scripts) 2. 北傳 Northern Buddhism Sanskrit Manuscript (Indo-European Language) Central Asian Manuscripts (+ Indo-Iranian Language) Gandarian ( 犍陀羅語 ), Khotanese ( 于闐語 ), Tocharian ( 吐火羅語 ),Sogdian ( 粟特語 ), Kuchean( 龜茲語 ) 等佛典斷片藏傳 Tibetan Buddhism (Tibetan,Mongolian Tripitaka) 漢傳 Chinese Buddhism (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, CJKV Tripitaka) 西文 Western Translations (Mahāyāna texts translated into Western languages )

20 Buddhist Sūtras

21 Palm Leaf Manuscript British Library

22 British Library

23 Siddham / Chinese British Library

24 Chinese Manuscript British Library

25 Hand-writing British Library

26 Block-printing British Library

28 3 Types: Hand writing 手寫 Wood printing 木刻 Typeset printing 排版

29 3 Formats: 卷軸梵夾方冊嘉興藏是目前存世的唯一一部完整的方冊本刻本大藏經嘉興藏的完成結束了梵夾裝及梵夾裝及卷軸卷軸藏經藏經的時代刻本 : 卷軸梵夾方冊

30 Typeset - printing Taisho Tripitaka 大正藏 : 2,373 sutras in 8,982 fascicles Xuzangjing (Shinsan Zokuzokyo) 卍續藏 :1,229 sutras in 5,060 fascicles

31 The CBETA Collection 電子佛典集成

32 From India to China 玄奘取經

33 From India to China From Ancient time to Modern days

34 Essence of the development of the Chinese Buddhist Canon 3 elements (culture) 3 types (input) 3 formats (output)

35 漢文佛教大藏經演化簡史 The history and development of the Chinese Buddhist Canon 杜正民法鼓佛教學院中華電子佛典協會

03 Digital Tripitaka_Moder Time

03 Digital Tripitaka_Moder Time The Chinese Buddhist scriptures evolve over the centuries and into the modern time : Digital Tripitaka 數位藏經的編輯 http://www.cbeta.org/download/sticker/disk-s.gif Outline 1. 簡介 CBETA 2. 經錄 Catalogs 3. 絲路