THE ART OF MUSIC 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM Ex-Kochański, Rosenheim 小提琴制于 1686 年, 当时为斯特拉迪瓦利的阿玛蒂风格时期不过, 斯特拉迪瓦利 1690 年前制造的作品并非完全受阿玛蒂玲珑小巧的琴型

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1 1686 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM 小提琴 1686 STRADIVARI THE KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM VIOLIN

THE ART OF MUSIC 71 1686 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM Ex-Kochański, Rosenheim 小提琴制于 1686 年, 当时为斯特拉迪瓦利的阿玛蒂风格时期不过, 斯特拉迪瓦利 1690 年前制造的作品并非完全受阿玛蒂玲珑小巧的琴型影响, 背板长 35.6 厘米, 琴身三段分别阔 16.9 厘米 11.6 厘米及 20.

2 THE ART OF MUSIC 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM Ex-Kochański, Rosenheim 小提琴制于 1686 年, 当时为斯特拉迪瓦利的阿玛蒂风格时期不过, 斯特拉迪瓦利 1690 年前制造的作品并非完全受阿玛蒂玲珑小巧的琴型影响, 背板长 35.6 厘米, 琴身三段分别阔 16.9 厘米 11.6 厘米及 20.9 厘米, 与其黄金时期作品的尺寸及特质相同, 但细看之下便会发现仍然带有尼可罗寇恒斯基阿玛蒂的影子, 特别是极为细腻的工艺, 以及斜度更小的拱形面板, 令传音的琴身更阔更浅, 琴边亦比阿玛蒂的作品更结实刚阳的结构使音色宏亮, 令人眼前一亮, 来自同一块优质厚枫木采用单背板设计的 1679 年制 Hellier 1685 年制 Guyot 及 1686 年制 Rosgonyl 小提琴便是最佳例子 Ex- Kochański, Rosenheim 小提琴亦附有最早期的斯特拉迪瓦利标签, 引起学者及收藏家的兴趣这些用于 1660 年代的标签皆将年份最后的数字留空, 而为节省资源, 斯特拉迪瓦利将 166_Stradivari 预印标签的第三个数字 6 以人手改为 8, 以正确显示小提琴的制造年份为 1686 年首位有文献记载的小提琴收藏家为 Willy Rosenheim, 据说他在演奏生涯早期将小提琴借予波兰小提琴家兼作曲家保罗寇恒斯基 (Paul Kochański) 二十世纪初, 小提琴辗转落入美国爱因斯坦家族的手中, 其后售予纽约的小提琴家柏恩斯坦 (Bornstein) 1967 年,Sylvia Cleaver 买下小提琴, 成为现时珍藏的一部分文件 : 伦敦 William E. Hill and Sons 证书, 1898 年 11 月 15 日纽约 Rembert Wurlitzer Inc., 1967 年 11 月 28 日伦敦 John and Arthur Beare Ltd, 1967 年 12 月 15 日伦敦 Charles Beare 信件, 1967 年 11 月 13 日文献 : H.K. Goodkind 着, Iconography of Antonio Stradivari, 纽约拉奇蒙特,1972 年, 第 ( 插图 ) 页 E.N. Doring 着, How Many Strads, 芝加哥,1945 年, 第 56 页 W.H. A.F. 及 A.E. Hill 合着, Antonio Stradivari, His Life & Work, 伦敦,1902 年, 第 38 页 The Strad, 伦敦,1906 年 12 月来源 : Willy Rosenheim 保罗寇恒斯基爱因斯坦家族柏恩斯坦 Sylvia Cleaver 现藏家

3 72 安东尼奥斯特拉迪瓦利 ( ) Ex-Kochański, Rosenheim 小提琴克雷莫纳 1686 年制附 Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis / Faciebat Anno 1686 标签目录编号 P 606 背板长度 :14 英寸 (35.6 厘米 )

THE ART OF MUSIC 73 Antonio Stradivari (1644 1737) A Violin,

Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis / Faciebat Anno 1686 and

4 THE ART OF MUSIC 73 Antonio Stradivari ( ) A Violin, Known as the Kochanski, Rosenheim, Cremona, 1686 Labelled Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis / Faciebat Anno 1686 and bearing the catalogue number P-606 Length of back 14 in., 35.6 cm.

74 1686 STRADIVARI THE KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM VIOLIN Documents Certificates, William E. Hill and Sons, London, 15 November 1898 Rembert Wurlitzer Inc.

5 STRADIVARI THE KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM VIOLIN Documents Certificates, William E. Hill and Sons, London, 15 November 1898 Rembert Wurlitzer Inc., New York, 28 November 1967 John and Arthur Beare Ltd., London, 15 December 1967 Letter, Charles Beare, London, 13 November 1967 Literature H.K. Goodkind, Iconography of Antonio Stradivari, Larchmont, NY, 1972, il. pp. 210, 211, pp. 727, 759 E.N. Doring, How Many Strads, Chicago, 1945 p. 56 W.H., A.F. and A.E. Hill, Antonio Stradivari, His Life & Work, London 1902 p. 38 The Strad, London, December 1906 Provenance Willy Rosenheim Paul Kochański Einstein Family Bornstein Sylvia Cleaver Current owner The 1686 Kochański, Rosenheim comes from what is commonly referred to as Stradivari s Amatise Period. It would be a misconception to believe that all of Stradivari s works prior to 1690 were of the diminutive and feminine outline associated with the Amatis. With a back length of 35.6 cm. and width across the bouts of 16.9 cm., 11.6 cm. and 20.9 cm., it shares dimensions and attributes associated with the bolder Golden Period works though on closer examination the influences of Nicolò Amati are still present: notably the exceptionally fine workmanship and a full arch that begins its descent sooner to the edging, making for wider and shallower channeling and a more robust edge than seen on any Amati. The masculine composition all translates to a surprisingly bold-sounding violin. As with the 1679 Hellier, the 1685 Guyot and the 1686 Rosgonyl, the one-piece back is carved from the same handsomely figured slab-cut maple. What is interesting to scholars and collectors is that the violin bears one of Stradivari s earliest labels. These were printed for use in the decade of the 1660s and left the last year of the date blank. With the preprinted label reading 166_Stradivari showed typical thrift and business acumen. Changing the third digit 6 to an 8 by hand, he dated the violin correctly as The first recorded owner of the violin was Willy Rosenheim who is said to have loaned the instrument to Polish violinist and composer Paweł Kochański early in his career. In the early 20th century the violin made its way to the United States where it was in the possession of the Einstein family before being sold to the New York violinist Bornstein. In 1967 it was purchased by Sylvia Cleaver (an original member of the British ensemble the Element Quartet, which championed the works of composer Robert Simpson) and is now part of the current collection.

THE ART OF MUSIC 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 PIATTI 及至 1717 年, 斯特拉迪瓦无疑已达到制琴生涯的顶峰,73 岁的他已成为克雷莫纳首屈一指的制琴师, 客户均为欧洲最富有的收藏家音乐家及赞助人他以顶级物料制成的乐器, 皆以高价出售 1707 年, 由于哈布斯堡

THE ART OF MUSIC 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 PIATTI 及至 1717 年, 斯特拉迪瓦无疑已达到制琴生涯的顶峰,73 岁的他已成为克雷莫纳首屈一指的制琴师, 客户均为欧洲最富有的收藏家音乐家及赞助人他以顶级物料制成的乐器, 皆以高价出售 1707 年, 由于哈布斯堡 102 1717 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 PIATTI 小提琴 1717 STRADIVARI THE PIATTI VIOLIN THE ART OF MUSIC 103 1717 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 PIATTI 及至 1717 年, 斯特拉迪瓦无疑已达到制琴生涯的顶峰,73 岁的他已成为克雷莫纳首屈一指的制琴师, 客户均为欧洲最富有的收藏家音乐家及赞助人他以顶级物料制成的乐器, 皆以高价出售 1707

THE ART OF MUSIC 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM Ex-Kochański, Rosenheim 小提琴制于 1686 年, 当时为斯特拉迪瓦利的 阿玛蒂风格时期 不过, 斯特拉迪瓦利 1690 年前制造的作品并非完全受阿玛蒂玲珑小巧的琴型

THE ART OF MUSIC 年制斯特拉迪瓦利 KOCHANSKI, ROSENHEIM Ex-Kochański, Rosenheim 小提琴制于 1686 年, 当时为斯特拉迪瓦利的阿玛蒂风格时期不过, 斯特拉迪瓦利 1690 年前制造的作品并非完全受阿玛蒂玲珑小巧的琴型