Why only 92 stable elements in nature

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1 The Best Periodic Table Of Elements Jiang Chun-xuan P. O. Box, Beijing 0, P. R. China Abstract Using the stable number theory[] we obtain the best electron configurations of the elements and make the best periodic table of the elements. In studying the stability of the many-body problem we suggest two principles [-]. () The prime number principle. A prime number is irreducible in the integers, it seems therefore natural to associate it with the most stable subsystem. We prove that,,,,,, are the most stable primes. () The symmetric principle. The most stable configuration of two prime numbers is then stable symmetric system in nature. We prove that,,,,,,, are the most stable even numbers. The stability can be defined as long life and existence in nature, and instability as short life or non-existence in nature. In this paper by using the prime number principle and the symmetric principle we make the new electron configurations of the elements. Total quantum number n and orbital quantum number l determine the new electron configurations of the elements Electron shells: n =... K L M N O P... Electron subshells: (l + ) =... s p d f g h... An atomic subshell that contains its full quota of electrons is said to be closed. A closed s subsell ( l = 0) holds two electrons, a closed p subshed ( l = ) six electrons, a closed d subshell ( l = ) ten electrons, a closed f subshell ( l = ) fourteen electrons, these subshells are the most stable, a closed g subshell ( l = ) eighteen electrons is the most unstable. Using the symmetric principle it has been proved the (l + ) =,, and are stable and (l + ) = is unstable. The s, pd., and f subshells are stable and the g subshell is unstable. Table shows the best electron configurations of the elements. From to of the atomic numbers every subshell is stable. It has been proved that the last stable element that occurs naturally is uranium with an atomic number of and there are only stable elements in nature. Since g subshell is unstable, the elements - are unstable. Since g is unstable, sbp,, d, f,g and h subshells are unstable. Therefore the elements - are unstable. Many of the chemical and physical properties of the elements are related to the number of

2 electrons in the outermost shell, the electrons that are valence electrons in these atoms. In table there are correct valence electron configurations of the elements. In Mendeleev periodic table the elements (-, - and ) have correct valence electron configurations and the elements (-, - and -) have wrong valence electron configurations. Ionization of orbitals cannot determine valence electrons.therefore Mendeleev periodic table of elements is wrong. Using the s,s,s,s and s of table we make the best periodic table of elements with five periods.table shows the relationship between the outermost subshell electron configurations and the best periodic table. The best periodic table reflects the order in which atomic orbitals are filled.the s orbitals are filled in the two rows.the p orbitals are filled in the six rows.the d orbitals are filled in the ten rows.the f orbitals are filled in the fourteen rows.the g orbitals are filled in the eighteen rows. Conclusion. In table s, p, d and f are stable subshells. Therefore the elements to are stable. In table g is the unstable subshell. Therefore the elements to are unstable. The best periodic table is correct. But Mendeleev periodic table is wrong.using the tables and chemists study the chemical properties of the elements to and discover many of the new chemical compounds. Pythagoras believes that all things are numbers. But Jiang believes that all things are stable numbers [-]. 这是人类第一次用数论证明并给出新元素电子结构和正确价电子结构, 这是化学基础. 化学家研究新元素电子结构将会发现很多新化合物门捷列夫元素周期表是错的, 元素 -, 用实验证明价电子是正确的, 估算元素 - 和价电子是正确的, 但其它元素价电子是不正确的, 元素没有周期性目前化学研究是猜想没有理论指导本文是蒋春暄年提出素数原理和对称原理两个原理一个应用化学是计算问题. 只能用正确价电子才能找到新化合物本文给化学和生物化学提供一个理论基础首先理论计算而后在实验室可找到这种化合物和生物结构. 人类研究结果自然界只有种元素, 所有科学家对这个问题一筹莫展, 本文用非常简单方法就证明了自然界只有种元素, 其它元素都是人造的. 所以这种证明是正确的. 化学理论要重新改写. 本文己在国外上网, 这应该是十八大最大成果, 我最近才知 valence electrons 的重要性, 所以重写本文. 元素电子排列应该是连续的, 门捷列夫周期表中电子排列不是连续的, 对元素 > 核外电子排列按周期性排列是跳跃式排列, 中间留下断层, 他们也知道 g 和 g 是不稳定的, 排列元素电子不用 g 和 g, 但元素电子排列利用不稳定 s,p,d,s, 这是错误的. 这个问题延续到今天仍是这样. 房子只能一层一层的建, 保证每层都稳是才行第五层不稳定, 那末笫六层也是不稳定的, 这道理大家都明白我们证明 g 是不稳定的, 所以元素 - 是不稳定的, 所以 s,p,d,f,g,h 是不稳定的, 以后元素更不稳定的. 我们证明自然界只有种稳定元素是绝对正确的

3 Table. The Best Electron Configuration of the Elements K L M N O Z Sym s s p s p d s p d f s p d f g H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd

4 Table.(Continued) K L M N O Z Sym s s p s p d s p d f s p d f g Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U

5 Table.(Continued) Z Sym K L M N O s s p s p d s p d f s p d f g 0 Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds References [] Jiang, Chun-xuan. A new theory for many-body problem stabilities. (Chinese) Qian Kexue, - (). [] Jiang,Chun-xuan. On the symmetries and the stabilities of n + electron configurations of the elements. Phys. Lett. A, -(). [] Jiang, Chun-xuan. The application of stable groups to biological structures. Acta Math. Sci., -0(). [] Jiang, Chun-xuan. The prime principle in biology (Chinese), J. Biomath,, -(). [] Jiang, Chun-xuan. A mathematical model for particle classification. Hadronic J. Supp., -(). [] Jiang, Chun-xuan. On the limit for the periodic table of the elements. Apeiron Vol. Nr. -, -(). [] Jiang, Chun-xuan. Foundations of Santilli s isonumber theory Part. Algebras, Groups and Geometries., - (). [] Jiang, Chun-xuan. Foundations of Santilli Isonumber Theory with applications to new cryptograms, Fermat s theorem and Goldbach s Conjecture.pp.-. Inter, Acad, Press. 00. MR00c:0. [] Jiang, Chun-xuan. The prime principle and the symmetric principle in clusters and nanostructures.

6 Table.WRONG MENDELEEV ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION OF THE ELEMENTS. Period. Period. Period. Period. Period. Period. Period Num. Symbol K L M N O P Q. Period s s p s p d s p d f s p d f s p d f s p H He. Period s s p s p d s p d f s p d f s p d f s p Li Be B C N O F Ne. Period s s p s p d s p d f s p d f s p d f s p Na Mg Al Si P S

7 Cl Ar. Period s s p s p d s p d f s p d f s p d f s K.. 0 Ca.. Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu 0 Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr. Period s s p s p d s p d f s p d f s p d f s p Rb.... Sr.... Y.. 0 Zr.. Nb.. Mo.. Tc.. Ru.. Rh.. Pd.... Ag.. Cd.. In.. 0 Sn..

8 Sb.. Te.. I.. Xe... Period s s p s p d s p d f s p d f s p d f s p Cs Ba La.... Ce.... Pr Nd.... Pm.... Sm.... Eu.... Gd.. Tb.... Dy.... Ho.... Er.... Tm Yb.... Lu.. Hf.. Ta.. W.. Re.. Os.. Ir.. Pt.. Au.. 0 Hg.. Tl.. Pb.. Bi.. Po.. At..

9 Rn... Period s s p s p d s p d f s p d f s p d f s p Fr Ra Ac Th.... Pa.. U.. Np.. Pu.... Am.... Cm.. Bk.... Cf.... Es Fm.... Md.... No.... Lr.. Rf.. Db.. Sg.. Bh.. Hs.. Mt.. Uun.. Uuu.. Uub.. Uuq..

10 Table. The Best periodic table of elements. Atomic Orbitals Outermost Subshell electrons. Period. Period. Period. Period. Period s H He Li Be Na Mg Cu 0 Zn Pm Sm p B C N O F Ne Al Si P S Cl Ar Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er d K 0 Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Rb Sr Y 0 Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Tm 0 Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt f g Ag Cd In 0 Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr 0 Nd Au 0 Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac 0 Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es 0 Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds

Why only 92 stable elements in nature

Why only 92 stable elements in nature There are only stable elements in nature Jiang Chun-xuan P. O. Box, Beijing 0, P. R. China jcxxxx@.com Abstract Using the stable number theory[] we prove that there are only stable elements in nature and