What is Parkinson s disease? 什麼是帕金森氏病? Parkinson s disease is a condition that affects movement. People with Parkinson s have problems controlling the

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1 中文 / 英文 Chinese/English 瞭解帕金森氏病 Understanding Parkinson s disease Parkinson s

2 What is Parkinson s disease? 什麼是帕金森氏病? Parkinson s disease is a condition that affects movement. People with Parkinson s have problems controlling the muscles of the body due to a breakdown of messages from the brain. We do not know its causes, but people with Parkinson s have low levels of a brain chemical called dopamine. Dopamine helps the brain to control the muscles and move the body smoothly and easily. Over time, people with Parkinson s have less and less dopamine, making movement more and more difficult. Parkinson s progresses slowly. It may take many years before symptoms begin to cause major problems with daily life. When they do, many of these symptoms can be managed with treatment and support. 帕金森氏病是一種影響活動能力的疾病由於大腦傳送訊息出現障礙, 帕金森氏病患者會出現難以控制肌肉的問題我們尚未瞭解帕金森氏病的病因, 但帕金森氏病患者大腦中名為多巴銨的化學物質含量較低多巴銨幫助大腦控制肌肉, 使身體行動輕鬆平穩在一段時間後, 帕金森氏病患者大腦中的多巴銨含量越來越低, 行動越來越困難帕金森氏病病情進展緩慢, 可能在許多年後才開始出現引起日常生活主要問題的症狀, 而其中許多症狀都可以通過治療與支持來控制 People with Parkinson s disease can continue to enjoy a long and productive life. 帕金森氏病患者仍然可以長壽, 享受富有意義的生活

3 How does it affect people? 帕金森氏病如何影響患者? Parkinson s affects each person differently and symptoms can vary on different days. The main symptoms are: Shaking or trembling. Stiff or tight muscles. Slow movement or difficulty starting or stopping a movement. Balance problems or difficulty standing up straight. Parkinson s can cause problems with daily activities such as walking, getting out of a chair or turning over in bed. It can also affect small movements such as writing, typing, shaving or buttoning up clothes. Other common problems include: tiredness, depression, constipation, difficulty speaking or swallowing and problems doing more than one thing at a time. 帕金森氏病對每個人的影響各不相同, 而且在不同日子症狀也有所不同主要症狀包括 : 抖動或顫抖肌肉僵硬或緊張行動遲緩或難以開始或停止行動難以保持平衡或筆直站立帕金森氏病不僅可導致行走從座椅上起身或睡覺翻身等日常活動出現困難, 而且還可能影響寫字打字刮鬍子或扣衣服鈕扣等細小動作的能力其他常見問題包括 : 疲倦抑鬱便秘言語障礙吞嚥困難以及難以同時做多件事情等問題

4 Facts about Parkinson s disease 帕金森氏病須知 Parkinson s is one of the most common brain conditions in. 25 people are diagnosed every day. It is more common among people aged over 60 years, but it can affect adults of any age. It does not cause death and many people live a long and productive life with Parkinson s. It affects both men and women from all cultures and lifestyles. It is not contagious, so you can not catch it or pass it on to someone else. It is not usually hereditary. We do not know what its causes are. Medications help to control symptoms, but there is no known cure. New and better treatments and medications are being researched. 帕金森氏病是澳洲最常見的大腦疾病之一每天有 25 人被確診患有帕金森氏病帕金森氏病更常見於 60 歲以上的人士, 但也可影響任何年齡的成年人帕金森氏病不會導致死亡, 許多帕金森氏病患者都能長壽, 享受富有意義的生活帕金森氏病可影響各種文化背景及生活方式的男性和女性帕金森氏病不具傳染性, 因此不可能被他人傳染或傳染給他人帕金森氏病通常沒有遺傳性我們尚不知道帕金森氏病的病因藥物可以幫助控制症狀, 但沒有已為人所知的根治方法人們正在研究更具療效的新藥物與治療方法

5 Treatment 治療 It is very important that people with Parkinson s see a specialist doctor such as a neurologist for advice on available medications and ongoing monitoring. Other health workers can provide support, information, treatment and therapies to help with daily living. 帕金森氏病患者應向神經病學家等專科醫生尋求現有藥物以及持續監督方面的建議, 這一點非常重要其他醫護工作者也可以提供支持信息與治療服務, 為帕金森氏病患者提供日常生活方面的幫助

6 Parkinson s can help 澳洲帕金森氏病協會能夠提供幫助 Our specialist health workers can give support and information over the phone or in person. We help people with Parkinson s, their families, friends and carers. We have information and Help Sheets in various languages covering many topics. We run regular information sessions for people to come and learn more. We can put you in touch with other people in your community who are living with Parkinson s. We can give you information about where to go for further help in your area. For information & support contact: Parkinson s on If you need an interpreter to help you communicate over the phone: Phone and ask for an interpreter to connect you to Parkinson s in your state or territory. This is a free service 我們的專科醫護工作者可以打電話或當面為您提供支持與信息我們為帕金森氏病患者及其親友和照顧者提供幫助我們提供介紹多個主題的各種語言版本的信息與須知單我們定期舉辦信息講座, 幫助人們瞭解更多信息我們可以幫助您與社區中的其他帕金森氏病患者取得聯繫我們可以為您提供所在地區提供進一步幫助的機構的信息若要獲得信息與支持, 請與澳洲帕金森氏病協會聯絡, 電話 : 若需要傳譯員幫助您在電話上進行溝通 : 請致電 , 並要求傳譯員幫您接通所在州或領地的澳洲帕金森氏病協會這是一項免費服務

7 Parkinson s 您也可以與當地的帕金森氏病支持機構聯絡 : Or contact your local Parkinson s disease support organisation: 本手冊由維多利亞州帕金森氏病協會在市長慈善基金支持下製作 Parkinson s Victoria acknowledges the support of the Lord Mayor s Charitable Foundation, which enabled the production of this information resource 年 9 月對本出版物中的任何錯誤或遺漏維多利亞州帕金森氏病協會概不負責 September 2008 Parkinson s Victoria is not liable for any error or omission in this publication. 維多利亞州帕金森氏病協會版權所有 Parkinson s Victoria

第一章　緒論

第一章　緒論 (informed consent) 6 . (Informed 23 Consent) 24 (Informed Consent) informed consent 1. 2. 7 3. 4. 5. 6.. 26 1. 8 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.. Braddock 1993 59 65 1057 (discussion of the patient s role in decision making)