(homologizing) (John Kieschnick) (Robert Campany) (John R. McRae) (Bernard Faure)

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1 傳授與融合太極五真人頌研究一前言 -249-

2 (homologizing) (John Kieschnick) (Robert Campany) (John R. McRae) (Bernard Faure)

3 2 (reading strategy) (school) (confraternity) (Angelika Cedzich) 2 参 John Kieschnick, The Eminent Monk: Buddhist Ideals in Medieval Chinese Hagiography (Honolulu: Hawai i University Press, 1997); Robert Campany, To Live as Long as Heaven and Earth: A Translation and Study of Ge Hong s Traditions of Divine Transcendents (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002). Lu Yang, Narrative and Historicity in the Buddhist Biographies of Early Medieval China: The Case of Kumarajiva, Asia Major 17.2 (2004): Bernard Faure, The Rhetoric of Immediacy: A Cultural Critique of Chan/Zen Buddhism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991), p. 28; Morten Schlütter, Chan Buddhism in Song Dynasty China ( ): The Rise of the Caodong Tradition and the Formation of the Chan School (Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1998), p. 19; John R. McRae, Seeing through Zen: Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003), pp.1-21, 隽鈎

4 3 (Michel Strickmann) (Isabelle Robinet) Angelika Cedzich, review of Early Daoist Scriptures, by Stephen R. Bokenkamp. Journal of Chinese Religions 28 (2000): Isabelle Robinet, Taoism: Growth of a Religion, trans. Phyllis Brooks (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1997), p Cedzich, pp (Michel Strickmann) Michel Strickmann, The Mao-shan Revelations: Taoism and the Aristocracy, T oung Pao 63 (1977): (Stephen Bokenkamp) Stephen R. Bokenkamp, Sources of the Ling-pao Scriptures, in Tantric and Taoist Studies in Honour of R. A. Stein, ed. Michel Strickmann (Bruxelles: Institut Belge des Hautes Études Chinoises, 1983), 2:

5 Ōfuchi Ninji, On Ku Ling-pao-ching, Acta Asiatica: Bulletin of the Institute of Eastern Culture 27 (Tokyo: Toho Gakkai, 974): (47) Bokenkamp, Sources of the Ling-pao Scriptures, pp ; Ko Ch ao-fu and Ko Hung, in The Indiana Companion to Traditional Chinese Literature, ed. William H. Nienhauser, Jr. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986), pp ; Death and Ascent in Lingpao Taoism, Taoist Resources 1.2 (1989): 1-20; Lu Xiujing, Buddhism, and the First Daoist Canon, in Culture and Power in the Reconstitution of the Chinese Realm, , ed. Scott Pearce, Audrey Spiro and Patricia Ebrey (Cambridge: Havard University Press, 2001), pp ; The Prehistory of Laozi: His Prior Career as a Woman in the Lingbao Scriptures, Cahiers d Extrême-Asie 14 (2004): ; The Silkworm and the Bodhi Tree: The Lingbao Attempt to Replace Buddhism in China and Our Attempt to Place Lingbao Daoism, in Ancient and Medieval China, vol. 1 of Religion and Chinese Society, ed. Jonh Lagerwey (Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press; Paris: École française d Extrême-Orient, 2004), pp

6 (genealogy) 8 二早期道教經典所見的五真人頌及其內容 P (HY30) a-0a P. P

7 (HY427) 58 8a a 14 8a a a 17 8b 39 9b b 19 8b b 21 8b b 23 8b a

8 b b 39 0a 30 8b 39 0a b 39 0a a 35 9a 39 0a b a b a b b b 45 9a a -256-

9 a b b b b 覩 64 (HY528) 6 23b-25a -257-

10 65 66 三太極真人與傳承體系 65 Symposium on Foundations of Taoist Ritual, Seminar für Sinologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Dec 9-11, 2007, p b -258-

11 (HY42) 4b (HY425) 6b 70 (HY344) 0 8a 71 (HY346) 0 5a -259-

12 廻 32 0a-b 廻 73 (HY426) 7a 32 4a-b 74 (HY435) a-b 32 6b 32 5b (HY00) 35 5 a-2a -260-

13 四太極真人徐來勒與葛玄 a-b 33 a 炁炁炁 32 5a-b 75 (HY67) 5 a 76 (HY06) 4 3a-b 77 7a -261-

14 78 P. 経 a 32 0a-b

15 a-b (HY026) a-b 3 b-2a (HY2) 4 2 5a-6b

16 83 P. P. 83 0b -264-

17 84 85 P. P P. P

18 86 P. P. P a-b -266-

19 87 P. (397-40) P. (348) (344) (283) (344) P a-b -267-

20 b-2b -268-

21 五太上玄一三真人 b-5a -269-

22 a-b 91 Max Kaltenmark Kristofer Schipper and Franciscus Verellen, eds., Antiquity through the Middle Ages, vol. 1 of The Taoist Canon: A Historical Companion to the Daozang (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004), pp (HY769) b 94 3 b-2a -270-

23 六正一真人張天師 Stephen Bokenkamp, The Salvation of Laozi: Images of the Sage in the Lingbao Scriptures, the Ge Xuan Preface, and the Yao Boduo Stele of 496 C.E (HY532) 6 2a-b 98 20a 9a-b 99 (HY67) 9 4a-b 43 0a-b 100 4a -271-

24 a-b 102 2a-b 103 决 b-2a 104 0b-a 105 (HY23) 54 5a-b -272-

25 崐崘 Stephen Bokenkamp, The Prehistory of Laozi: His Prior Career as a Woman in the Lingbao Scriptures, Cahiers d Extrême-Asie 14 (2004): a 108 (HY65) 8 5 9b-20a 5 3b 109 2a 5b 22b 110 (HY07) 4 7a -273-

26 111 七五真人頌在經典中之意義 P. 112 P. 113 P. P b

27 呪 -275-

28 八結論 c

29 (2005) -55 ( ) -277-

30 (fictional remembering of origins) Faure, p

31 迹 a-b 120 3b a -279-

32 傳授與融合太極五真人頌研究關鍵字 : 道教太極真人靈寶傳承徐來勒葛玄 -280-

33 Transmission and Syncretism: A Study of the Songs of Five Perfections of the Grand Ultimate HSIEH Shu-wei In ancient Lingbao scriptures, the transmission process is an often-mentioned issue. Transmission provides Lingbao with a fundamental mode of viewing its own historical origin. This essay thus puts emphasis on the pedigree itself as a functional medium of interpretation, with its transformations, reconstructions and alterations in the historical process. The pedigree itself is like a skeleton, and its author is able to polish and modulate the original text so as to form a more persuasive and authoritative one. The pedigree is often annexed to the canon as a way to account for the transmission process as well as to endorse its legitimacy. However, the pedigree is not a fixed text, but something that can be expanded through time, even connecting the transmitted dharma lineage and its author, and adding classic myths to enrich the original text. That is, the pedigree is a supplementary, flexible structure, capable of being shaped and revised to tally with the religious situation or other purposes. Therefore, the pedigrees preserved in the Lingbao scriptures are likely to be multilinear, with their changes and extensions still recognizable through the passage of time. As a historical process constantly in the making, the formation of pedigrees attempts to build a simulacrum of an historical paradigm of legitimacy that can be traced to a singular origin, thus to present an orthodox lineage. In this manner, Ge Xuan was raised from a Daoist to a Master of both Buddhism and Daoism, a teacher in both sacred and worldly realms. Furthermore, the lineage scheme could be simplified to a single-line diagram that is, the Ge family in terms of lineal successions of masters. Through the Songs of Five Perfections, this essay investigates the construction of transmission, and by comparing different versions, it explores the order of signification of the Lingbao scriptures. Finally, it also examines the role of Perfection of the Grand Ultimate, as well as Ge Xuan, the origin and importance of the three Perfections and the Celestial Master. Through studying from a critical perspective the development of the pedigrees, their meaning, construction, and modes of transmission in the ancient Lingbao scriptures, we can also reflect upon the connection between Lingbao and other schools, and, beyond that, the relation between Lingbao and Buddhism. Keywords: Daoism Perfections of the Grand Ultimate Lingbao transmission Xu Laile Ge Xuan -281-

34 徵引書目 HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY

35 974 HY HY HY HY HY HY HY HY Symposium on Foundations of Taoist Ritual, Seminar für Sinologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Dec 9-11, HY 隽鈎 2006 Kaltenmark, Max

36 Bokenkamp, Stephen. Sources of the Ling-pao Scriptures. In Tantric and Taoist Studies in Honour of R. A. Stein. Ed. Michel Strickmann. Vol. 2. Bruxelles: Institut Belge des Hautes Études Chinoises, Ko Ch ao-fu and Ko Hung. In The Indiana Companion to Traditional Chinese Literature. Ed. William H. Nienhauser, Jr.. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986, pp Death and Ascent in Ling-pao Taoism. Taoist Resources 1.2 (1989): Lu Xiujing, Buddhism, and the First Daoist Canon. In Culture and Power in the Reconstitution of the Chinese Realm, Ed. Scott Pearce, Audrey Spiro and Patricia Ebrey. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, The Salvation of Laozi: Images of the Sage in the Lingbao Scriptures, the Ge Xuan Preface, and the Yao Boduo Stele of 496 C.E The Prehistory of Laozi: His Prior Career as a Woman in the Lingbao Scriptures. Cahiers d Extrême-Asie 14 (2004): The Silkworm and the Bodhi Tree: The Lingbao Attempt to Replace Buddhism in China and Our Attempt to Place Lingbao Daoism. In Ancient and Medieval China. Vol. 1 of Religion and Chinese Society. Ed. John Lagerwey. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press; Paris: École française d Extrême-Orient, Campany, Robert. To Live as Long as Heaven and Earth: A Translation and Study of Ge Hong s Traditions of Divine Transcendents. Berkeley: University of California Press, Cedzich, Angelika. Review of Early Daoist Scriptures, by Stephen R. Bokenkamp. Journal of Chinese Religions 28 (2000): Faure, Bernard. The Rhetoric of Immediacy: A Cultural Critique of Chan/Zen Buddhism. Princeton: Princeton University Press, Kieschnick, John. The Eminent Monk: Buddhist Ideals in Medieval Chinese Hagiography. Honolulu: Hawai i University Press, Lu, Yang. Narrative and Historicity in the Buddhist Biographies of Early Medieval China: The Case of Kumarajiva. Asia Major 17.2 (2004): McRae, John R. Seeing through Zen: Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism. Berkeley: University of California Press, Ōfuchi Ninji, On Ku Ling-pao-ching. Acta Asiatica: Bulletin of the Institute of Eastern Culture

37 (1974): Robinet, Isabelle. Taoism: Growth of a Religion. Trans. Phyllis Brooks. Stanford: Stanford University Press, Schipper, Kristofer, and Francisus Verellen, eds. Antiguity through the Middle Ages. Vol. 1 of The Taoist Canon: A Historical Companion to the Daozang. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Schlütter, Morten. Chan Buddhism in Song Dynasty ( ): The Rise of the Caodong Tradition and the Formation of the Chan School. Ph. D. diss., Yale University, Strickmann, Michel. The Mao-shan Revelations: Taoism and the Aristocracy. T oung Pao 63 (1977):

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Microsoft Word - z-ww477-02 中古道教史中的三皇文傳統研究謝世維國立政治大學宗教研究所摘要本文探討道教三皇文之歷史與文獻三皇文傳統扮演著多重的角色, 一方面作為三洞中的洞神部, 被塑造成為三大經系之一, 在道教經典結構乃至傳度儀式當中扮演重