當前台灣制憲修憲問題之試析─以中華民國憲法之病理病徵為中心

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1 national security threat weapons of mass destruction

2 homeland defense NSDD PDD- homeland security PDD-62 and-63 7 Office of National Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure Protection, and Counterterrorism PDD lead agency supporting agency Foreign Emergency Support Team, FEST Coordinating Subgroup Guidelines for the Mobilization, Deployment, and Employment of U.S. Government Elements in Response to an Overseas Terrorist Incident, or

3 International Guidelines Preparedness Program Domestic Emergency Support Team, DEST Guidelines for the Mobilization, Deployment, and Employment of U.S. Government Elements in Response to a Domestic Terrorist Threat or Incidence in Accordance With Presidential Decision Directive 39, or Domestic Guidelines United States Government Interagency Domestic Terrorism Concept of Operations Plan, or CONPLAN Federal Response Plan and Terrorism Incident Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA consequence management Federal Response Plan FESTDEST 1996 Defense Against Weapons of Mass Destruction Act of 1996 Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Act 9 Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Domestic Attorney General s Five-Year Interagency Counterterrorism and Technology Crime Plan Annex19972 Terrorism Incident Annex

4 Trailblazer Project Directorate of Administration information technology finance security global support International Counterterrorism Operations Center 1998 National Defense Preparedness Office National Infrastructure Protection Center 5 PDD-63 human resources

5 19 Donald Rumsfeld Total & Comprehensive Security National Strategy for Homeland National Strategy for Security Combating Terrorism 18 homeland security National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction The Report of U.S. National Commission on National Security in the 21 st Century National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace National Money Laundering Strategy

6 National Defense Strategy National Drug Control Strategy Office of Homeland Security Department of Homeland Security 22 USA Freedom Corps 23 risk management

7 2. Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Division 3. Homeland Security Advisory System 4. dual-use analysis 5. red team smart border Aviation and Transportation Security Act of 2001 safety security

8 Enhanced Border Security and Visa Entry Reform Act 1. Joint Terrorism Task Forces, JTTF 2. National Crime Information Center, NCIC 3. Penttom 4. Flying Squad 5. Financial Review Group Operation Greenquest 6. Foreign Terrorist Tracking Task force

9 3. 85% National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace 6. National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC CDC

10 National Biological Weapons Analysis Center FEMA 1. a single all-discipline incident management plan Federal Incident Management Plan 29 Crisis Management Consequence Management total force U.S. Northern Command

11 11. Emergency Management Institute Center for Domestic Preparedness National Domestic Preparedness Consortium

13 e 1. Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office 2. National Crime Information Center National Enforcement Telecommunications Systems.gov SAFECOM 5. Health Alert Network

17 DRI-WEFA crisis management 6.PDD-39 1) 2) 3) 7.PDD-62 PDD

18 8.GAO, Combating Terrorism: Selected Challenges and Related Recommendations, GAO , September 2001, pp GAO, Combating Terrorism: Selected Challenges and Related Recommendations, pp GAO, Combating Terrorism: Issues to Be Resolved to Improve Counterterrorism Operations, GAO/NSIAD , May 1999, pp See Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Counterterrorism Intelligence Capabilities and Performance Prior to 9-11, A Report to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Minority Leader, July (143) (99) (76) (68) (65) (47) (36) (24) (21) (12) (10) (36) GAO, Combating Terrorism: Analysis of Federal Counterterrorist Exercises, June GAO/NSIAD BR, 16.GAO, Combating Terrorism: Issues to Be Resolved to Improve Counterterrorism Operations. 17.Quoted from Chris Seiple, Homeland Security Concepts and Strategy, Orbis, Spring 2002, p Office of Homeland Security, White House, National Strategy for Homeland Security, July Office of Homeland Security, White House, National Strategy for Homeland Security. 20. National Security Council Homeland Security Council

19 21.Office of Homeland Security, National Strategy for Homeland Security, p President George W. Bush, The Department of Homeland Security, June Computer Security Division of the Technology Terrorism Information and Prevention System, TIPS Operation TIPS GAO, Homeland Security: A Risk Management Approach Can Guide Preparedness Efforts, GAO T, 31 October GAO, Aviation Security: Terrorist Acts Illustrate Severe Weaknesses in Aviation Security, GAO T, 20 September GAO, Critical Infrastructure Protection: Significant Challenges in Developing Analysis, Warning, and Response Capability, GAO T, 25 July Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office Critical Infrastructure Protection Center Federal Computer Incident Response Center National Institute of Standards and National Communications System 29. Federal Response Plan National Contingency Plan Interagency Domestic Terrorism Concept of Operations Plan Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan Bioterrorism Response Plan 30. Civilian Biodefense Research Program (HHS) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (Energy)National BW Defense

20 Analysis Center (New) Plum Island Animal Disease Center (Agriculture) Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office (HHS)Federal Computer Incident Response Center (GSA)National Communications System (Defense) National Infrastructure Protection Center (FBI) National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center (Energy) Immigration and Naturalization Service (Justice) Customs Service (Treasury) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (Agriculture) Coast Guard (Transportation)Federal Protective Service (GSA) Transportation Security Service 32. (Transportation) International Terrorism, Report of the Federal Emergency Management Agency Chemical- Biological-Radiological and Nuclear Response Assets (HHS) Domestic Emergence Support Team (Interagency) Nuclear Incident Response (Energy)Office of Domestic Preparedness (Justice) National Domestic Preparedness Office (FBI) GAO, Homeland Security: Effective Intergovernmental Coordination Is Key to Success, GAO T, 23 August Congressional Research Service, Homeland Security Office: Issues and Options, RL31421, 20 May See Countering the Changing Threat of National Commission on Terrorism. 37. Juliette N. Kayyem, U.S. Preparations for Biological Terrorism: Legal Limitations and the Need for Planning, RAND, March

22 FEMA HHS NRC Proc Anti-Terrorism Task Force Office of Homeland Security Tom Ridge E.O. Office of Homeland Security E.O. Office of Combating Terrorism Wayne Downing National Director for Combating Terrorism E.O.Richard Clarke Special Advisor for Cyberspace Security E.O. President s Critical Infrastructure Protection Board E.O Office of Anti-Terrorism Operation Greenquest The USA Patriot Act Homeland Security Council Homeland Security Presidential Directive-1, HSPD-2 Foreign Terrorist Tracking Force

23 CNCS Presidential Task Force on Citizen Preparedness in the War Against Terrorism Operation Shield America secure and smart border USA Freedom Corps Secret Service National Special Security Event Secret Service National Special Security Event NSCC HSPD-3 Homeland Security Advisory System President s Homeland Security Advisory Council Senior Advisory Committee

24 smart border Honeywell International U.S. Northern Command Associate DCI for Homeland Security Department of Homeland Security National Strategy for Homeland Security National Security Strategy of the United States of America Major Funding Emergency The President s FY2003 FY2002 Enacted FY2002 Total Category Supplemental Budget Request Supporting first responders $291 $651 $942 $3,500 Defending against biological terrorism 1,408 3,730 5,138 5,898 Securing American borders 8,752 1,194 9,946 10,615 Using 21 st century technology for homeland security Aviation security 1,543 1,035 2,578 4,800 DOD homeland security 4, ,890 6,815 Other non-dod homeland security 3,186 2,384 5,570 5,352 Total $19,536 $9,758 $29,294 $37,702 GAO, Homeland Security: Responsibility And Accountability For Achieving National Goals, GAO T, 11 April

NSTISSC: National Security Telecommunications and Information System Security Committee 2. NSTISSI: National Security Telecommunications and In

NSTISSC: National Security Telecommunications and Information System Security Committee 2. NSTISSI: National Security Telecommunications and In 12 1 3 1 1. 2. 3 (Office of Management and Budget OMB)2000 (National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST) OMB 1. (Audit) 2. (Certification and Accreditation) 3. (Common Criteria) 4. (Framework)