目录 参考文献 V 评论文献 3 2. 心血管系统 6 3. 静脉疾病 糖尿病综合症 眼部健康 炎症 关节健康 过敏与哮喘 妇女健康 生育和生殖系统 运动及耐力 认知功能 32 12

Transcription

1 碧容健 参考文献 V 气色更好, 感觉更好, 生活更美好

2 目录 参考文献 V 评论文献 3 2. 心血管系统 6 3. 静脉疾病 糖尿病综合症 眼部健康 炎症 关节健康 过敏与哮喘 妇女健康 生育和生殖系统 运动及耐力 认知功能 皮肤护理 口腔保健 对旅行者的益处 免疫学 抗微生物活性和抗病毒活性 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 分析 生物可用性和代谢 51 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 2

3 1. 评论文献 评论文献 Ref. 346 Ref. 326 Ref. 269 Ref. 266 Ref. 261 Ref. 259 Ref. 258 关于碧容健广泛适用于个人卫生保健 预防及治疗的综述 Strong J French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ) and the use of health supplements in the age of personalized medicine. Panminerva Med 53: 1-2, 2011 关于碧容健成分和药理学及已发表医学研究的综合评论 Maimoona A, Naeem I, Saddiqe Z, Jameel K A review on biological, nutraceutical and clinical aspects of French maritime pine bark extract. J Ethnopharmacol 133: , 2011 基于已发表的碧容健科学及临床研究论文的临床综述 Oliff H Scientific and clinical monograph on Pycnogenol. The American Botanical Council 2009 关于碧容健用于治疗静脉功能不全研究的综合评论 Gulati OP Pycnogenol : a nutraceutical for venous health. Biomedical Reviews 19: 33-43, 2008 这篇综述性文章涵盖了碧容健对于糖尿病患者的广泛贡献, 例如降低血糖, 并有助于大多数糖尿病并发症的治疗 Rohdewald P Regulation of diabetes by Pycnogenol. Botanical medicine in clinical practice. (ed.) Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R.; Wallingford, England, CABI Publishing, Ch. 62: , 2008 关于碧容健抗炎症活性及其控制不同炎症性疾病作用的综合评论 Farid R Pycnogenol in the treatment of inflammatory diseases: osteoarthritis, asthma and heart disease. Botanical medicine in clinical practice. (ed.) Watson RR, Preedy VR; Wallingford, England, CABI Publishing, chapter 68: , 2008 关于碧容健 用于治疗水肿 ( 包括用于长途旅行期间腿部肿胀治疗的结果 ) 相关众多研究的评论 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Cornelli U, Rohdewald P, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard, S, Cacchio M, Vinciguerra G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L, Dugall M, Ricci A, Ruffini I, Fano F Treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and prevention of economy class syndrome. Botanical medicine in clinical practice. (ed.) Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R.; Wallingford, England, CABI Publishing, Ch. 64: , 2008 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 3

4 评论文献 Ref. 257 Ref. 228 Ref. 210 Ref. 180 Ref. 169 Ref. 168 Ref. 160 Ref. 114 Ref. 094 关于碧容健多方面有益于心血管健康的评论 Pycnogenol and cardiovascular health. Botanical medicine in clinical practice. (ed.) Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R.; Wallingford, England, CABI Publishing, Ch. 56: , 2008 心肌炎病理介绍及碧容健有助于心脏恢复机制的讨论 Matsumori A Treatment Options in Myocarditis. Herz 32: , 2007 碧容健的临床药理学评论 Rohdewald P Clinical Pharmacology of Pycnogenol. Pharma Bio World 5: 79-81, 2006 碧容健对于血液微循环 痛经 肩部僵硬及妊娠相关疼痛的有益作用 Kohama T Nutritional supplements in clinical practice. Progr Med 24: , 2004 关于碧容健安全性及疗效作用方面的专著论文 Blumenthal M Pycnogenol (French Maritime Pine Bark Extract) Pinus Pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica. The American Botanical Council guide to Herbs, , 2003 碧容健可用作心血管健康及糖尿病的营养保健品 Gulati OP The Nutraceutical Pycnogenol : Its role in cardiovascular health and blood glucose control. Biomed Rev 16: 49-57, 2005 涉及碧容健药理活性及临床益处的专著论文 Rohdewald P Pycnogenol, French Maritime Pine Bark Extract. Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements; Ed. Marcel Dekker, digital publisher, , 2005 关于碧容健心血管健康益处的评论 Watson RR Pycnogenol and cardiovascular health. Evid Based Integr Med 1: 27-32, 2003 碧容健 对皮肤护理有益作用的总结 Schönlau F The cosmeceutical Pycnogenol. J Appl Cosmetol 20: , 2002 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 4

5 评论文献 Ref. 092 Ref. 085 Ref. 041 Ref. 039 Ref. 038 Ref. 034 Ref. 031 关于五项描述碧容健对于糖尿病视网膜病变作用的临床研究总结 Schönlau F, Rohdewald P Pycnogenol for diabetic retinopathy: A review. Int Ophthalmol 24: , 2002 关于碧容健药理学活性的评论文章 Rohdewald P A review of the French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ), a herbal medication with a diverse clinical pharmacology. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 40: , 2002 一份关于碧容健治疗各种疾病的疗效及安全性的评论 Gulati OP Pycnogenol in venous disorders: A review. Eur Bull Drug Res 7: 8-13, 1999 评论碧容健心血管药理学特性的重点在于血小板聚集的预防 Watson R Reduction of cardiovascular disease risk factors by French Maritime Pine Bark Extract. 本文评论了碧容健的抗氧化活性及其对免疫系统和诱导型一氧化氮合酶调制的作用 Virgili F, Kobuchi H, Noda Y, Cossins E, Packer L Procyanidins from Pinus maritima bark: Antioxidant activity, effects on the immune system and Modulation of Nitrogen Monoxide Metabolism. In Antioxidant Food Supplements in human health, ed. L. Packer, M. Hiramatsu and T. Yoshikawa, published by Academic Press, Chapter 21, pages , 1999 关于碧容健的化学 抗氧化活性及生物特性介绍 Packer L, Rimbach G, Virgili F Antioxidant activity and biologic properties of a procyanidin-rich extract from pine (Pinus maritima) bark, Pycnogenol. J Free Radic Biol Med 27: , 1999 当今碧容健 研制过程中使用古老松树皮的历史 Drehsen G From ancient pine bark uses to Pycnogenol In Antioxidant Food Supplements in human health, ed. L. Packer, M. Hiramatsu and T. Yoshikawa, published by Academic Press, Chapter 20, pages , 1999 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 5

6 2. 心血管系统 心血管系统 Ref. 408 Ref. 393 Ref. 385 Ref. 382 Ref. 360 Ref. 349 临床研究 : 碧容健可改善内皮功能 本开放性注册研究的结果显示出对临界高血压 高血糖和高血脂受试者的重要预防作用 Hu S, Belcaro G, Cornelli U, Luzzi R, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi B, Ippolito E, Grossi MG, Hosoi M,Gizzi G, Trignani M Effects of Pycnogenol 8 on endothelial dysfunction in borderline hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, and hyperglycemicindividuals: the borderline study. IntAngiol 34(1): 43-52, 临床研究 : 碧容健补充有益于美尼尔病及耳鸣患者 Luzzi R, Belcaro G, Hu S, Dugall M, Hosoi M, Cacchio M, Ippolito E, Corsi M Improvement in symptoms and cochlear flow with Pycnogenol 8 in patients with Meniere's disease and tinnitus. Minerva Med 105: ,2014 碧容健有益于新陈代谢及心血管健康 Aribal-Ayral P, Ozelci-Kavas G, Elhan AH Pycnogenol 8 supplementation and its beneficial effects in healthy rats. Saudi Med J 35(2): ,2014 临床研究 : 本项初步亚组研究中可观测补充碧容健和积雪草后的亚临床动脉病变进展, 以及抑制斑块进展情况 Belcaro G, Dugall M, Hosoi M, Ippolito E, Cesarone MR, Luzzi R, Cornelli U, Ledda A Pycnogenol 8 and Centella Asiatica for asymptomatic atherosclerosis progression. IntAngiol 1(33): 20-26, 2014 临床研究 : 碧容健可在三个月内将代谢综合征的所有体征和症状恢复至健康水平值 Belcaro G, Cornelli U, Luzzi R, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi S, Ippolito E, Grossi MG, Hosoi M, Cornelli M, Gizzi G Pycnogenol 8 supplementation improves health risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Phytother Res 27: , 2013 临床研究 : 心脏药物之外再服用碧容健 能显著增强心脏病患者的血管内皮功能 Enseleit F, Sudano I, Périat D, Winnik S, Wolfrum M, Flammer AJ, Fröhlich GM, Kaiser P, Hirt A, Haile SR, Krasniqi N, Matter CM, Uhlenhut K, Högger P, Neidhart M, Lüscher TF, Ruschitzka F, Noll G Effects of Pycnogenol on endothelial function in patients with stable coronary artery disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Eur Heart J 33(13): , 2012 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 6

7 心血管系统 Ref. 295 Ref. 294 Ref. 293 Ref. 291 Ref. 283 Ref. 281 Ref. 257 临床研究 : 碧容健可减少耳鸣患者因耳蜗血流量增加而引起的 响铃 或 嘶嘶 噪音感觉 Grossi MG, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Duggall M, Hosoi M, Cacchio M, Ippolito E, Bavera P Improvement in cochlear flow with Pycnogenol in patients with tinnitus: a pilot evaluation. Panminerva Med 52 (suppl. 1 to No. 2): 63-67, 2010 临床研究 : 碧容健协同 CoQ10 可增强心脏功能 : 射血分数增加 心率降低及体力显著增强 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Hosoi M, Ippolito E, Bavera P, Grossi MG Investigation of Pycnogenol in combination with coenzymeq10 in heart failure patients (NYHA II/III). Panminerva Med 52 (suppl. 1 to No. 2): 21-25, 2010 临床研究 : 根据尿蛋白减少和肾脏血流量增加判断, 碧容健可恢复代谢综合征患者受损害的肾功能 Stuard S, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Ricci A, Cornelli U, Gizzi G Kidney function in metabolic syndrome may be improved with Pycnogenol. Panminerva Med 52 (suppl. 1 to No. 2): 27-32, 2010 碧容健可保护动物模型的心肌免受糖尿病之害 Klimas J, Kmecova J, Jankyova S, Yaghi D, Priesolova E, Kyselova Z, Musil P, Ochodnicky P, Krenek P, Kyselovic J, Matyas S Pycnogenol improves left ventricular function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. Phytother Res 24: , 2010 临床研究 : 作为高血压药物的辅助药物, 碧容健可改善肾脏的血流量和功能, 并进一步改善血压状况 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Stuard S, Schönlau F, Di Renzo A, Grossi MG, Dugall M, Cornelli U, Cacchio M, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L Kidney Flow and Function in Hypertension: Protective Effects of Pycnogenol in Hypertensive Participants A Controlled Study. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 15: 41-46, 2010 碧容健可保护动物模型的肾脏免受氧化应激和局部缺血之害 Ozer Sehirli A, Sener G, Ercan F Protective effects of Pycnogenol against ischemia reperfusion-induced oxidative renal injury in rats. Ren Fail 31: , 2009 关于碧容健 多方面有益于心血管健康的评论 Watson RR, Argüelles MC Pycnogenol and cardiovascular health. Botanical medicine in clinical practice. (ed.) Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R.; Wallingford, England, CABI Publishing,Ch. 56: , 2008 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 7

8 心血管系统 Ref. 237 Ref. 233 Ref. 230 Ref. 229 Ref. 216 Ref. 207 Ref. 200 临床研究 : 糖尿病和高血压药物之外再服用碧容健可进一步显著改善患者的血糖和心血管风险因子, 允许大多数患者减少抗高血压药物的服用 Zibadi S, Rohdewald P, Park D, Watson RR Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with Type 2 Diabetes by Pycnogenol supplementation. Nutr Res 28: , 2008 与阿司匹林相比, 碧容健可更有效地降低 I 型糖尿病药理学模型的血小板机能亢进, 对糖尿病血栓的形成具有一定的预防作用 Nocun M, Ulicna O, Muchova J, Durackova Z, Watala C French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ) reduces thromboxane generation in blood from diabetic male rats. Biomed Pharmacother 62: , 2007 临床研究 : 碧容健通过增加健康男性体内的一氧化氮水平可使得其内皮依赖性血管舒张升高 42% Nishioka K, Hidaka T, Nakamura S, Umemura T, Jitsuiki D, Soga J, Goto C, Chayama K, Yoshizumi M, Higashi Y Pycnogenol, French Maritime Pine Bark Extract, augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans. Hypertens Res 30: , 2007 碧容健可抵消病毒性感染, 预防病毒诱导性心肌炎症 Matsumori A, Higuchi H, Shimada M French maritime pine bark extract inhibits viral replication and prevents development of viral myocarditis. J Card Fail 13: , 2007 碧容健可预防小鼠的心力衰竭损害 Zibadi S, Yu Q, Rohdewald PJ, Larson DF, Watson RR Impact of Pycnogenol on cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling induced by L-NAME administration to old mice. Cardiovasc Toxicol 7: 10-18, 2007 碧容健显示出强化体外心肌细胞的作用 Hasegawa N, Kinoshita H, Mochizuki M Pycnogenol increases the probability of the contraction state in chick embryonic cardiomyocytes, indicating inotropic effects. Phytother Res 21: , 2007 临床研究 : 碧容健 可减少高血压受试者服用低血压药物的水肿副作用 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Ricci A, Cornelli U, Rohdewald P, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Cacchio M, Vinciguerra G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L, Dugall M, Fano F Control of edema in hypertensive subjects treated with calcium antagonist (Nifedipine) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 12: , 2006 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 8

9 心血管系统 Ref. 187 Ref. 177 Ref. 168 Ref. 140 Ref. 117 Ref. 114 Ref. 093 临床研究 : 碧容健可显著减少 6 个月治疗期内 155 位绝经女性患者的低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白 Yang HM, Liao MF. Zhu SY, Liao MN, Rohdewald P A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the effect of Pycnogenol on the climacteric syndrome in peri-menopausal women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 86: , 2007 碧容健与辅酶 Q 协同作用可增强心血管健康 Watson RR Nutraceutical Synergism: Pycnogenol and Coenzyme Q10 Enhance Cardiovascular Health. Evid Based Integrative Med 2: 67-70, 2005 碧容健可用作心血管健康及糖尿病的营养保健品 Gulati OP The Nutraceutical Pycnogenol : its role in cardiovascular health and blood glucose control. Biomed Rev 16: 49-57, 2005 碧容健可增强红细胞膜的流动性, 保护红细胞免受氧化应激之害 Sivonova M, Waczulikova I, Kilanczyk E, Hrnciarova M, Bryszewska M, Klajnert B, Durackova Z The effect of Pycnogenol on the erythrocyte membrane fluidity. Gen Physiol Biophys 23: 39-51, 2004 临床研究 : 作为高血压药物和硝苯地平的辅助药物, 碧容健可改善血管内皮功能, 允许减少药物剂量 Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, Zhou S, Würthwein G, Rohdewald P Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract, improves endothelial function of hypertensive patients. Life Sci 74: , 2004 关于已发表研究中碧容健对心血管健康有益作用的评论 Watson RR Pycnogenol and cardiovascular health. Evid Based Integrative Med 1: 27-32, 2003 临床研究 : 碧容健 补充会降低总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白 增加高密度脂蛋白, 进而改善动脉粥样硬化指数 Durackova Z, Trebaticka B, Novotny V, Zitnanova I, Breza J Lipid metabolism and erectile function improvement by Pycnogenol, extract from the bark of Pinus pinaster in patients suffering from erectile Dysfunction - a pilot study Nutr Res 23: , 2003 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 9

10 心血管系统 Ref. 090 Ref. 079 Ref. 080 Ref. 053 Ref. 043 Ref. 042 Ref. 036 Ref. 027 临床研究 : 碧容健补充会增强人志愿者的血液抗氧化能力 降低低密度脂蛋白和增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 Devaraj S, Vega-López S, Kaul N, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P, Jialal I Supplementation with a pine bark extract rich in polyphenols increases plasma antioxidant capacity and alters plasma lipoprotein profile. Lipids 37: , 2002 临床研究 : 碧容健能显著降低慢性静脉功能不全患者的低密度脂蛋白, 而七叶树籽提取物没有这种功能 Koch R Comparative study of Venostasin and Pycnogenol in chronic venous insufficiency. Phytother Res 16: 1-5, 2002 临床研究 : 碧容健可降低不服用药物高血压患者的血压 Hosseini S, Lee J, Sepulveda RT, Rohdewald P, Watson RR A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective, 16 week crossover study to determine the role of Pycnogenol in modifying blood pressure in mildly hypertensive patients. Nutr Res 21: , 2001 临床研究 : 碧容健可抑制吸烟诱导的血栓烷 B 水平的升高, 这就解释了吸烟者 服用碧容健后出现的血小板聚集减少 Araghi-Niknam M, Hosseini S, Larson D, Rohdewald P, Watson RR Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Int Med 2: 73-77, 1999 临床研究 : 碧容健可抑制心脏病患者的血小板聚集和粘附, 改善血液微循环 Wang S, Tan D, Zhao Y, Gao G, Gao X, Hu L The effect of Pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 7: 19-25, 1999 碧容健有助于通过血管舒张 抗血小板聚集 自由基清除和毛细血管封闭作用维持健康的血液循环 文中还讨论了内皮一氧化氮 (NO) 的作用 Rohdewald P Reducing the risk for stroke and heart infarction with Pycnogenol. Eur Bull Drug Res 7: 14-18, 1999 临床研究 : 碧容健以剂量依赖性方式抑制人吸烟诱导的血小板聚集 这种作用会持续 6 天以上, 与阿司匹林不同的是, 它不会增加出血 Pütter M, Grotemeyer KHM, Würthwein G, Araghi-Niknam M, Watson RR, Hosseini S, Rohdewald P Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and Pycnogenol. Thromb Res 95: , 1999 碧容健阻碍血管收缩 碧容健的血管舒张活性通过一氧化氮介导 Fitzpatrick DF, Bing B, Rohdewald P Endothelium-dependent vascular effects of Pycnogenol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 32: , 1998 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 10

11 心血管系统 Ref. 017 碧容健 可抑制大鼠的血管紧张素 II 转化酶 (ACE), 产生中等降血压作用 Blazso G, Gaspar R, Gabor M, Rüve H-J, Rohdewald P ACE inhibition and hypotensive effect of procyanidinis containing extract from the bark of Pinus pinaster Sol. Pharm Pharmacol Lett 6: 8-11, 1996 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 11

12 3. 静脉疾病 静脉疾病 Ref. 392 Ref. 386 Ref. 383 Ref. 370 Ref. 337 Ref. 292 Ref. 280 临床研究 : 使用碧容健可改善产后静脉曲张的体征和症状和静脉功能 加快静脉形状恢复 Belcaro G, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Ippolito E, Cesarone MR Postpartum Varicose Veins: Supplementation with Pycnogenol 8 or Elastic Compression - A 12-Month Follow-Up. IntJ Angiol DOI /s , 2014 临床研究 : 碧容健可减少静脉的被动扩张与延伸, 赋予静脉壁更强大的恢复力和弹性, 使其在动态应力后恢复至原有形状 Belcaro G, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Hosoi M, Corsi M Improvement of Venous Tone with Pycnogenol in Chronic Venous Insufficiency: An Ex Vivo Study on Venous Segments. IntJ Angiol 23:47-52, 2014 临床研究 : 妊娠期间, 碧容健可对痔疮的体征和症状表现出积极的作用 Belcaro G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini M, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Corsi M, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cesarone MR, Ledda A, Bottari A, Errichi BM Pycnogenol 8 in postpartum symptomatic hemorrhoids. Minerva Ginecologica 66(1): 77-84, 2014 关于静脉功能不全和血栓形成管理中碧容健相关作用的临床前及临床研究的最新简明综合评论 Gulati OP Pycnogenol in Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Related Venous Disorders. Phytother Res ahead of print, 2013 临床研究 :12 个月调查期内, 碧容健能预防遭受深静脉血栓患者发生水肿及血栓复发 Errichi BM, Belcaro G, Hosoi M, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Bavera P, Hosoi M, Zulli C, Corsi M, Ledda A, Luzzi R, Ricci A Prevention of post thrombotic syndrome with Pycnogenol in a twelve month study. Panminerva Med 53: 21-27, 2011 临床研究 : 碧容健如压力袜一样可有效缓解慢性静脉功能不全患者的体征和症状 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Ippolito E, Fano F, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Di Renzo A, Hosoi M, Stuard S, Corsi M Improvement of signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency and microangiopathy with Pycnogenol : A prospective, controlled study. Phytomedicine 17: , 2010 临床研究 : 碧容健 治疗可减少急性痔疮患者的疼痛与出血, 改善恢复状况 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi B, Di Renzo A, Grossi MG, Ricci A, Dugall M, Cornelli U, Cacchio M, Rohdewald P Pycnogenol Treatment of Acute Hemorrhoidal Episodes. Phytother Res 24: , 2010 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 12

13 静脉疾病 Ref. 258 Ref. 206 Ref. 200 Ref. 195 Ref. 182 Ref. 172 关于碧容健用于治疗水肿 ( 包括用于长途旅行期间腿部肿胀治疗的结果 ) 相关众多研究的评论 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Cornelli U, Rohdewald P, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Cacchio M, Vinciguerra G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L, Dugall M, Ricci A, Ruffini I, Fano F Treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and prevention of economy class syndrome. Botanical medicine in clinical practice. (ed.) Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R.; Wallingford, England, CABI Publishing, Ch. 64: , 2008 临床研究 : 碧容健可减轻静脉微血管病 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Fano F, Dugall M, Acerbi G, Cacchio M, Di Renzo A, Hosoi M, Stuard S, Corsi M Rapid Relief of Signs/Symptoms in Chronic Venous Microangiopathy With Pycnogenol : A Prospective, Controlled Study. Angiology 57: , 2006 临床研究 : 碧容健能减少长期降压药物治疗的常见副作用水肿 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Ricci A, Cornelli U, Rohdewald P, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Cacchio M, Vinciguerra G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L, Dugall M, Fano F Control of Edema in Hypertensive Subjects Treated With Calcium Antagonist (Nifedipine) or Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 12: , 2006 临床研究 : 碧容健可加速糖尿病溃疡的愈合 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi BM, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Gizzi G, Rohdewald P, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Cipollone G, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M Diabetic Ulcers: Microcirculatory Improvement and Faster Healing with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 12: , 2006 临床研究 : 在一项比较性临床研究中, 碧容健显示出比 Daflon 治疗慢性静脉功能不全更优越的活性 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Fano F, Dugall M, Acerbi G, Cacchio M, Di Renzo A, Hosoi M, Stuard S, Corsi M Comparison of Pycnogenol and Daflon in Treating Chronic Venous Insufficiency: A Prospective, Controlled Study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 12: , 2006 临床研究 : 口服加局部外用碧容健 后可加速小腿溃疡的愈合 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi BM, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Rohdewald P, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M Venous Ulcers: Microcirculatory Improvement and Faster Healing with Local Use of Pycnogenol. Angiology 56: , 2005 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 13

14 静脉疾病 Ref. 151 Ref. 134 Ref. 116 Ref. 112 Ref. 079 Ref. 067 Ref. 066 临床研究 : 在一项双盲 安慰剂对照的研究中, 碧容健能有效消解长途旅行中发生的脚踝肿胀 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ippolito E, Scoccianti M, Ricci A, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Ruffini I, Fano F, Acerbi G, Vinciguerra MG, Bavera P, Di Renzo A, Errichi BM, Mucci F Prevention of edema in long flights with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 11: , 2004 临床研究 : 碧容健能预防长途飞行中的血栓形成与血栓性静脉炎 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Rohdewald P, Ricci A, Ippolito E, Dugall M, Griffin M, Ruffini I, Acerbi G, Vinciguerra MG, Bavera P, Di Renzo A, Errichi BM, Cerritelli F Prevention of venous thrombosis and thrombophlebitis in long-haul flights with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 10: , 2004 临床研究 : 碧容健与纳豆激酶结合使用能预防长途飞行中的深静脉血栓形成 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Nicolaides AN, Ricci A, Geroulakos G, Ippolito E, Brandolini R, Vinciguerra G, Dugall M, Griffin M, Ruffini I, Acerbi G, Corsi M, Riordan N, Stuard S, Bavera P, Di Renzo A, Kenyon J, Errichi BM Prevention of venous thrombosis in long-haul flights with Flite Tabs: The Lonflit- Flite randomized controlled trial. Angiology 54: , 2003 临床研究 : 曲克芦丁中添加碧容健能显著增强慢性静脉功能不全治疗的疗效, 延长症状缓解 Riccioni C, Sarcinella R, Izzo A, Palermo G, Liguori L Efficacia della troxerutina associata al Pycnogenol nel trattamento farmacologico dell insufficienza venosa. Minerva Cardioangiol 52: 43-48, 2004 临床研究 : 在一项临床试验中, 碧容健显示出比七叶树籽更高的静脉功能不全治疗疗效 Koch R Comparative study of Venostasin and Pycnogenol in chronic venous insufficiency. Phytother Res 16: 1-5, 2002 临床研究 : 碧容健可显著减轻慢性静脉功能不全的症状 Petrassi C, Mastromarino A, Spartera C Pycnogenol in chronic venous insufficiency. Phytomed 7: , 2000 临床研究 : 碧容健 可显著改善慢性静脉功能不全, 促进其症状的消失 Arcangeli P Pycnogenol in chronic venous insufficiency. Fitoterapia 71: , 2000 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 14

15 静脉疾病 Ref. 041 Ref. 009 综述论文 : 介绍了碧容健治疗人静脉疾病的疗效性及安全性 文章还讨论了减小水肿的治疗机制 Gulati OP Pycnogenol in venous disorders: A review. Eur Bull Drug Res 7: 8-13, 1999 碧容健可从病理上增加较低的毛细血管壁阻力 研究显示, 相比试验的其他生 物黄酮素, 碧容健能最有效地强化毛细血管壁, 减少毛细血管渗透 Gabor M, Engi E, Sonkodi S Die Kapillarwandresistenz und ihre Beeinflussung durch wasserlösliche Flavonderivate bei spontan hypertonischen Ratten. Phlebologie 22: , 1993 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 15

16 4. 糖尿病综合症 糖尿病综合症 Ref. 401 Ref. 397 Ref. 385 Ref. 384 Ref. 381 Ref. 360 Ref. 334 临床研究 : 摄入碧容健可降低血糖水平, 增强血浆的抗氧化能力 Muchova J, Orszaghova Z, Zitnanova I, Trebaticky B, Breza J, Durackova Z The effect of natural polyphenols on the oxidative stress markers in patients with diabetic nephropathy. FreeRadBiolMed72:42,2014 碧容健可改善实验性糖尿病大鼠的心脏功能 Kralova E, Jankyova S, Mucaji P, Gresakova E, Stankovicova T Pycnogenol and its fractions influence the function of isolated heart in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus. J Pathology Research & Practice, 211: , 2015 碧容健有益于新陈代谢及心血管健康 Aribal-Ayral P, Ozelci-Kavas G, Elhan AH Pycnogenol 8 supplementation and its beneficial effects in healthy rats. Saudi Med J 35(2): ,2014 碧容健在降低糖尿病相关并发症风险方面可能具有一定的成本效益 Bentley G, Schonlau F, Zibadi S, Watson R Cost of Pycnogenol 8 Supplementation and Traditional Diabetes Treatments per Unit of Improved Health Outcome. Chapter 27 in R.R. Watson etal.,(eds.), Nutrients, Dietary Supplements, and Nutriceuticals: Cost Analysis Versus Clinical Benefits, Nutritions and Health, Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2011 碧容健与 β 受体阻滞剂卡维地洛联合治疗可改善糖尿病动物的心肌功能 碧容 健可改善心肌收缩与冠脉流量的血液动力学参数值 Kralova E, Jankyova S, Pekarik A, Cubon J, Stankovicova T Carvedilol and Pycnogenol 8 improve the function of diabetic heart in rats. Acta Fax Pharm Univ Comen LX, 2013(1) 临床研究 : 碧容健可在三个月内使代谢综合征的所有体征和症状升高至健康值范围内 Belcaro G, Cornelli U, Luzzi R, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi S, Ippolito E, Grossi MG, Hosoi M, Cornelli M, Gizzi G. Pycnogenol supplementation improves health risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome Phytother Res 27: , 2013 药理学实验中, 碧容健 被证实能够保护糖尿病性肾病模型的肾细胞免受葡萄糖之损害 Kim YJ, Kim YA, Yokozawa T Pycnogenol modulates apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation in high glucose-treated renal tubular cells. Food Chem Toxicol 49: , 2011 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 16

17 糖尿病综合症 Ref. 308 Ref. 300 Ref. 293 Ref. 288 Ref. 271 Ref. 261 Ref. 237 碧容健在动物糖尿病模型中对肝脏具有抗氧化保护作用 Parveen K, Khan MR, Mujeeb M, Siddiqui WA Protective effects of Pycnogenol on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative damage in the liver of type 2 diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 186: , 2010 研究显示, 碧容健在一体外模型中能够促进脂肪细胞更好地吸收葡萄糖, 这就表明它具有抗糖尿病的益处 Lee HH, Kim K-J, Lee OH, KJ, Lee BY Effect of Pycnogenol on glucose transport in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Phytother Res 24: , 2010 临床研究 : 根据尿蛋白减少和肾脏血流灌注增加判断, 碧容健可改善代谢综合征患者的肾功能 Stuard S, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Ricci A, Cornelli U, Gizzi G Kidney function in metabolic syndrome may be improved with Pycnogenol. Panminerva Med 52 (suppl. 1 to No. 2): 27-32, 2010 碧容健可改善某动物模型的内皮功能和血管形态 Rezzani R, Porteri E, De Ciuceis C, Bonomini F, Rodella LF, Paiardi S, Boari GEM, Platto C, Pilu A, Avanzi D, Rizzoni D, Rosei EA Effects of melatonin and Pycnogenol on small artery structure and function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 55: , 2010 临床研究 : 糖尿病视网膜病变早期服用碧容健可部分恢复视力, 进一步强化视网膜的毛细血管 Steigerwalt R, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Di Renzo A, Grossi MG, Ricci A, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Schönlau F Pycnogenol improves microcirculation, retinal edema, and visual acuity in early diabetic retinopathy. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 25: , 2009 本综述论文包含了碧容健对糖尿病患者的多方面贡献作用 Rohdewald P Regulation of diabetes by Pycnogenol. Botanical medicine in clinical practice. (ed.) Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R.; Wallingford, England, CABI Publishing, Ch. 62: , 2008 临床研究 : 糖尿病和高血压药物之外再服用碧容健 可进一步显著改善患者的血糖和心血管风险因子, 允许大多数患者减少抗高血压药物的服用 Zibadi S, Rohdewald P, Park D, Watson RR Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with Type 2 Diabetes by Pycnogenol supplementation. Nutr Res 28: , 2008 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 17

18 糖尿病综合症 Ref. 233 Ref. 209 Ref. 199 Ref. 195 Ref. 184 Ref. 156 Ref. 153 相比阿司匹林, 碧容健能更有效地减少 I 型糖尿病药理学模型的血小板聚集, 这说明它具有预防糖尿病患者形成血栓的作用 Nocun M, Ulicna O, Muchova J, Durackova Z, Watala C French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ) reduces thromboxane generation in blood from diabetic male rats. Biomed Pharmacother 62: , 2007 碧容健可通过抑制 α- 葡糖苷酶来抑制膳食中碳水化合物的吸收 Schäfer A, Högger P Oligomeric procyanidins of French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ) effectively inhibit alpha-glucosidase. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 77: 41-46, 2007 临床研究 : 碧容健可减少糖尿病性微血管病 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Fano F, Dugall M, Cipollone G, Acerbi G, Cacchio M, Del Boccio G, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Corsi M Improvement of diabetic microangiopathy with Pycnogenol : A prospective, controlled study. Angiology 57: , 2006 临床研究 : 碧容健可加速糖尿病性溃疡的愈合 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi BM, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Gizzi G, Rohdewald P, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Cipollone G, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M Diabetic ulcers: microcirculatory improvement and faster healing with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 12: , 2006 碧容健能够增加大鼠视网膜中的抗氧化酶浓度, 这说明视网膜病和白内障形成风险相对较低 Kamuren ZT, McPeek CG, Sanders RA, Watkins JB Effects of low-carbohydrate diet and Pycnogenol treatment on retinal antioxidant enzymes in normal and diabetic rats. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 22: 10-18, 2006 单独使用碧容健或与其他抗氧化剂结合使用都能刺激糖尿病大鼠视网膜内的抗氧化酶活性 Dene BA, Maritime AC, Sanders RA, Watkins JB Effects of Antioxidant Treatment on Normal and Diabetic rat retinal enzyme activities. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 21: 28-35, 2005 单独使用碧容健 或与其他抗氧化剂结合使用都能减少糖尿病大鼠的氧化应激参数 Berryman AM, Maritim AC, Sanders RA, Watkins JB Influence of treatment of Diabetic rats with combinations of Pycnogenol, beta-carotene, and alpha-lipoic acid on parameters of oxidative stress. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 18: , 2004 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 18

19 糖尿病综合症 Ref. 142 临床研究 : 糖尿病患者补充碧容健可降低其血糖水平 Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, Zhou S, Würthwein G, Rohdewald P Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci, 75: , 2004 Ref. 109 临床研究 : 在一项剂量探索研究中, 碧容健 I 能够降低 II 型糖尿病患者的血糖水平, 改善患者的内皮功能 Liu X, Zhou H-J, Rohdewald P French maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type II diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 27: 839, 2004 Ref. 110 Ref. 105 Ref. 092 Ref. 090 碧容健可抑制导致糖尿病患者产生晚期糖基化终末产物 (AGE) 的体外美德拉反应 Zhang TM, Han CH, Han YW, Gong H, Zhang EY, Zhang Y Inhibitory effect of Pycnogenol on generation of advanced glycation end products in vitro. Chin Pharmacol Bull 19: , 2003 碧容健降低糖尿病患者的血糖, 增强细胞内抗氧化防御机制 Maritim A, Dene BA, Sanders RA, Watkins JB Effect of Pycnogenol treatment on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17: , 2003 临床研究 : 该评论呈现了五项关于碧容健临床研究的结果, 这些结果表明, 碧 容健对糖尿病视网膜病变患者有一定的治疗疗效 Schönlau F, Rohdewald P Pycnogenol for diabetic retinopathy: A review. Int Ophthalmol 24: , 2002 临床研究 : 碧容健补充可减少人志愿者体内的 有害 胆固醇低密度脂蛋白 Devaraj S, Vega-López S, Kaul N, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P, Jialal, I Supplementation with a pine bark extract rich in polyphenols increases plasma antioxidant capacity and alters plasma lipoprotein profile. Lipids 37: , 2002 Ref. 080 临床研究 : 针对轻度高血压患者进行的随机化 双盲 安慰剂对照研究显示, 碧容健能够患者血压 此外, 碧容健能显著减少这些患者血液中的血管收缩因子 ( 血栓素 ) Hosseini S, Lee J, Sepulveda RT, Rohdewald P, Watson RR A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective, 16 week crossover study to determine the role of Pycnogenol in modifying blood pressure in mildly hypertensive patients. Nutr Res 21: , 2001 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 19

20 5. 眼部健康 眼部健康 Ref. 271 Ref. 227 Ref. 184 临床研究 : 糖尿病视网膜病变早期服用碧容健可部分恢复视力, 进一步强化视网膜的毛细血管 Steigerwalt R, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Di Renzo A, Grossi MG, Ricci A, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Schönlau F Pycnogenol improves microcirculation, retinal edema, and visual acuity in early diabetic retinopathy. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 25: , 2009 碧容健结合叶黄素使用可增强抗氧化剂活性, 预防视网膜脂质发生氧化 Nakanishi-Ueda T, Kamegawa M, Ishigaki S, Tsukahara M, Yano S, Wada K, Yasuhara H Inhibitory Effect of Lutein and Pycnogenol on Lipid Peroxidation in Porcine Retinal Homogenate. J Clin Biochem Nutr 38: , 2006 碧容健可增加大鼠视网膜内的抗氧化酶浓度, 即表明可降低发生视网膜病和白内障的风险 Kamuren ZT, McPeek CG, Sanders RA, Watkins JB Effects of low-carbohydrate diet and Pycnogenol treatment on retinal antioxidant enzymes in normal and diabetic rats. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 22: 10-18, 2006 Ref. 156 不管是单独使用碧容健, 还是结合其他抗氧化剂一起使用, 都能激发糖尿病大鼠视网膜内的抗氧化酶活性 Dene BA, Maritime AC, Sanders RA, Watkins JB Effects of Antioxidant Treatment on Normal and Diabetic rat retinal enzyme activities. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 21: 28-35, 2005 Ref. 092 Ref. 075 Ref. 051 临床研究 : 此综述论文囊括了五项关于碧容健的临床研究结果, 这些结果表明 碧容健补充对于糖尿病视网膜病变患者有一定的治疗疗效 Schönlau F, Rohdewald P Pycnogenol for diabetic retinopathy: A review. Int Ophthalmol 24: , 2002 临床研究 : 碧容健对视网膜病有一定的有益作用 Spadea L, Balestrazzi E Treatment of vascular retinopathies with Pycnogenol. Phytother Res 15: , 2001 在预防视网膜发生抗氧化损伤方面, 碧容健比其他试验的任何抗氧化剂都有效 与辅酶 Q10 等其他抗氧化剂结合使用时, 碧容健会显示出增效抗氧化剂的功效 Chida M, Suzuki K, Nakanishi-Ueda T, Ueda T, Yasuhara H, Koide R, Armstrong D In vitro testing of antioxidants and biochemical end-points in bovine retinal tissue. Ophthalmic Res 31: , I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 20

21 眼部健康 Ref. 018 碧容健 可保护眼睛视网膜免受自由基损害 Ueda T, Ueda T, Armstrong D Preventive effect of natural and synthetic antioxidants on lipid peroxidation in the mammalian eye. Ophthalmic Res 28: , I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 21

22 6. 炎症 Ref. 408 Ref. 396 Ref. 387 Ref. 283 Ref. 272 Ref. 250 炎症 临床研究 : 碧容健可改善内皮功能 本开放性注册研究的结果显示出对临界高血压 高血糖和高血脂受试者的重要预防作用 Hu S, Belcaro G, Cornelli U, Luzzi R, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi B, Ippolito E, Grossi MG, Hosoi M, Gizzi G, Trignani M Effects of Pycnogenol 8 on endothelial dysfunction in borderline hypertensive, hyperlipidemic, and hyperglycemic individuals: the borderline study. IntAngiol 34(1): 43-52, 2015 临床研究 : 碧容健可缓解感冒症状, 缩短其病程, 还能预防某些并发症 Belcaro G, Shu H, Luzzi R, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Cesarone MR, Corsi M, Feragalli B Improvement of common cold with Pycnogenol 8 : a Winter registry study. Panminvera Med 56: , 2014 临床研究 : 对于子宫内膜异位患者, 口服避孕药与碧容健联合治疗可对其内膜正位具有积极地协同作用 Maia H, Haddad C, Pinheiro N, CasoyJ The Effect of Oral Contraceptives Combined With Pycnogenol (Pinus Pinaster) On Aromatase and VEGF Expression in the Eutopic Endometrium of Endometriosis Patients. Gynecol Obstet 4:2, 2014 临床研究 : 碧容健可显著减少慢性肾疾病高血压患者体内的炎症性标记物 C 反应蛋白 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Stuard S, Schönlau F, Di Renzo A, Grossi MG, Dugall M, Cornelli U, Cacchio M, Gizzi G, Pellegrini L. Kidney Flow and Function in Hypertension: Protective Effects of Pycnogenol in Hypertensive Participants A Controlled Study. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 15: 41-46, 2010 临床研究 : 针对人体炎症过程的药理学调查显示, 碧容健能够抑制 COX-2 和 5-LOX 酶的产生 Canali R, Comitato R, Schönlau F, Virgili F The anti-inflammatory pharmacology of Pycnogenol in humans involves COX-2 and 5-LOX mrna expression in leukocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 9: , 2009 临床研究 : 碧容健 可显著减少骨关节炎患者体内的炎症性标记物 C 反应蛋白, 这说明它具有一定的抗炎性功效 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi S, Zulli C, Errichi BM, Vinciguerra G, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Cipollone G, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M, Rohdewald P Variations in C-reactive protein, plasma free radicals and fibrinogen values in patients with osteoarthritis treated with Pycnogenol. Redox Rep 13: , 2008 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 22

23 炎症 Ref. 208 Ref. 185 Ref. 183 Ref. 176 Ref. 154 Ref. 107 Ref. 074 Ref. 068 碧容健体外研究提供了其化学预防方面的证据 Buz Zard AR, Lau BHS Pycnogenol reduces Talc-induced Neoplastic Transformation in Human Ovarian Cell Cultures. Phytother Res 21: , 2007 临床研究 : 在针对人受试者进行的药理学调查研究中, 碧容健能够抑制炎症发生相关的关键触发物 Grimm T, Chovanova Z, Muchova J, Sumegova K, Liptakova A, Durackova Z, Högger P Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and MMP-9 secretion by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). J Inflamm 3: 1-6, 2006 碧容健可保护肠黏膜免受放疗之害 : 大鼠的组织形态学证据 Ramos FM, Schönlau F, Novaes PD, Manzi FR, Bóscolo FN, Almeida SM Pycnogenol protects against ionizing radiation as shown in the intestinal mucosa of rats exposed to X-rays. Phytother Res 20: , 2006 碧容健可非选择性抑制炎症期间疼痛相关的酶活性 Schäfer A, Chovanová Z, Muchová J, Sumegová K, Liptáková A, Duracková Z, Högger P Inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 activity by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). Biomed Pharmacother 60: 5-9, 2005 碧容健能够显著消解实验动物模型结肠的炎症损害 Mochizuki M, Hasegawa N Therapeutic efficacy of Pycnogenol in experimental inflammatory bowel diseases. Phytother Res 18: , 2004 碧容健可高效抑制结缔组织破坏相关的基质金属蛋白酶以及其在人血液中的代谢物 Grimm T, Schäfer A, Högger P Antioxidant activity and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases by metabolites of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). J Free Radic Biol Med 36: , 2004 临床研究 : 碧容健可剂量依赖性抑制 UV 诱发的人体红斑 这一作用被发现与 碧容健的抗炎性功效相关 Saliou C, Rimbach G, Moini H, McLaughlin L, Hosseini S, Lee J, Watson RR, Packer L Solar ultraviolet-induced erythema in human skin and nuclear factor-kappa-b-dependent gene expression in keratinocytes are modulated by French maritime pine bark extract. J Free Radic Biol Med 30: , 2001 碧容健 可抑制组织白细胞募集相关的数个机制, 进而导致抗炎症活性产生 Peng Q, Wei Z, Lau BHS Pycnogenol inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-induced nuclear factor kappa B activation and adhesion molecule expression in human vascular endothelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 57: , 2000 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 23

24 炎症 Ref. 019 Ref. 010 碧容健在两个不同模型中显示出抗炎症和抗水肿的作用 外敷碧容健凝胶可保护皮肤免受紫外辐射之害 Blazso G, Gabor M, Rohdewald P Antiinflammatory activities of procyanidin containing extracts from Pinus pinaster Ait. after oral and cutaneous application. Pharmazie 52: , 1997 碧容健 可清除体外的超氧自由基, 抑制体内水肿 抗炎性与自由基清除活动密切相关 Blazso G, Gabor M, Sibbel R, Rohdewald P Anti-inflammatory and superoxide radical scavenging activities of a procyanidins containing extract from the bark of Pinus pinaster sol. and its fractions. Pharm Parmacol Lett 3: , 1994 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 24

25 7. 关节健康 关节健康 Ref. 330 Ref. 272 Ref. 250 Ref. 249 Ref. 223 Ref. 188 碧容健有助于预防骨质疏松动物模型的骨质脱钙 Takano T, Kozai Y, Kawamata R, Wakao H, Sakurai T, Kashima I Inhibitory effect of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ) on deterioration of bone structure in the distal femoral epiphysis of ovariectomized mice. Oral Radiol 27: 8-16, 2011 临床研究 : 针对人体炎症过程的药理学调查显示, 碧容健能够抑制 COX-2 和 5-LOX 酶的产生 Canali R, Comitato R, Schonlau F, Virgili F The anti-inflammatory pharmacology of Pycnogenol in humans involves COX-2 and 5-LOX mrna expression in leukocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 9: , 2009 临床研究 : 碧容健可显著减少骨关节炎患者体内的炎症性标记物 C 反应蛋白, 这说明它具有一定的抗炎性功效 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi S, Zulli C, Errichi BM, Vinciguerra G, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Cipollone G, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M, Rohdewald P Variations in C-reactive protein, plasma free radicals and fibrinogen values in patients with osteoarthritis treated with Pycnogenol. Redox Rep 13: , 2008 临床研究 : 碧容健可改善骨关节炎关节的灵活性, 减少疼痛, 允许患者减少疼痛药物剂量 Cisar P, Jany R, Waczulikova I, Sumegova K, Muchova J, Vojtassak J, Durackova Z, Lisy M, Rohdewald P Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother Res 22: , 2008 临床研究 : 碧容健能够改善 156 位骨关节炎患者的疼痛和活动性 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi S, Zulli C, Errichi BM, Vinciguerra G, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Errichi S, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Cipollone G, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M, Rohdewald P Treatment of osteoarthritis with Pycnogenol. The SVOS (San Valentino Osteo-Arthrosis Study). Evaluation of Signs, Symptoms, Physical Performance and Vascular Aspects. Phytother Res 22: , 2008 临床研究 : 对于骨关节炎患者, 碧容健 可减少其疼痛和关节硬度, 允许其减少所需的 NSAID 药物量 Farid R, Mirfeizi Z, Mirheidari M, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Zibadi S, Rohdewald P, Watson RR Pycnogenol supplementation reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adults with knee osteoarthritis. Nutr Res 27: , 2007 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 25

26 关节健康 Ref. 185 Ref. 176 Ref. 107 临床研究 : 在针对人受试者进行的药理学调查研究中, 碧容健能够抑制炎症发生相关的关键触发物 Grimm T, Chovanova Z, Muchova J, Sumegova K, Liptakova A, Durackova Z, Högger P Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and MMP-9 secretion by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). J Inflamm 3: 1-6, 2006 碧容健可非选择性抑制炎症期间疼痛相关的酶活性 Schäfer A, Chovanová Z, Muchová J, Sumegová K, Liptáková A, Duracková Z, Högger P Inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 activity by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). Biomed Pharmacother 60: 5-9, 2005 人血液中发现的碧容健 及其代谢物可有力地抑制结缔组织破坏相关的基质金属蛋白酶 Grimm T, Schäfer A, Högger P Antioxidant activity and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases by metabolites of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). J Free Radic Biol Med 36: , 2004 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 26

27 8. 过敏与哮喘 过敏与哮喘 Ref. 380 Ref. 344 Ref. 287 Ref. 270 Ref. 149 Ref. 089 Ref. 077 碧容健可抑制大鼠哮喘 Shin I-S, Shin N-R, Jeon C-M, Hong J-M, Kwon O-K, Kim J-C, 0 S-R, Hahn K-W, A K-S Inhibitory effects of Pycnogenol8 (French maritime pine bark extract) on airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. Food ChemToxicol 62: ,2013 临床研究 : 碧容健有助于治疗过敏性哮喘症状, 允许患者减少药物剂量 Belcaro G, Luzzi R, Cesinaro Di Rocco P, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Errichi BM, Ippolito E, Grossi MG, Hosoi M, Errichi S, Cornelli U, Ledda A, Gizzi G Pycnogenol improvements in asthma management. Panminerva Med 53: 57-64, 2011 临床研究 : 过敏季节开始之前服用碧容健可减少过敏人群的枯草热症状和花粉特异性抗体 Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N, Sharma, P, Baisley J, Schönlau F, Burki C A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of Pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 24: , 2010 动物实验中, 碧容健能够抑制直接免疫球蛋白 E 介导的过敏反应 这表明碧容 健具有一般的抗过敏功效 Choi YH, Yan GH Pycnogenol inhibits immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic response in mast cells. Phytother Res 23: , 2009 临床研究 : 碧容健可改善肺功能, 减少儿童哮喘症状 Lau BHS, Riesen SK, Truong KP, Lau EW, Rohdewald P, Barreta RA Pycnogenol as an adjunct in the management of childhood Asthma. J Asthma 41: , 2004 碧容健阻滞肥大细胞释放组胺的功效与平喘药 DNCG 相同 Sharma SC, Sharma S, Gulati OP Pycnogenol inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells. Phytother Res 17: 66-69, 2003 临床研究 : 在一项安慰剂对照的交叉研究中, 碧容健 能够减少哮喘症状 改善哮喘患者的肺功能 Hosseini S, Pishnamazi S, Sadrzadeh MH, Farid F, Farid R, Watson RR Pycnogenol in the management of asthma. J Med Food 4: , 2001 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 27

28 9. 妇女健康 生育和生殖系统 妇女健康 生育和生殖系统 Ref. 400 Ref. 392 Ref. 389 Ref. 387 Ref. 383 Ref. 378 Ref. 376 临床研究 : 与低剂量口服避孕药结合治疗, 碧容健可有效减少疼痛和出血天数 Maia H, Haddad C, Casoy J The effect of Pycnogenol 8 on patients with dysmenorrhea using low-dose oral contraceptives. IntJ Women's Health 6: , 2014 临床研究 : 使用碧容健可改善产后静脉曲张的体征和症状和静脉功能 加快静脉形状恢复 Belcaro G, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Ippolito E, Cesarone MR Postpartum Varicose Veins: Supplementation with Pycnogenol 8 or Elastic Compression - A 12-Month Follow-Up. IntJ Angiol DOI /s , 2014 临床研究 : 口服碧容健结合每日使用防晒霜可作为黄褐斑其他治疗的辅助手段 Campos V Oral administration of Pycnogenol 8 associated with sunscreen improve clinical symtpoms of melasma. J Am Acad Dermatol AB19 (P8471), 2014 临床研究 : 对于子宫内膜异位患者, 口服避孕药与碧容健联合治疗可对其内膜正位具有积极地协同作用 Maia H, Haddad C, Pinheiro N, Casoy J The Effect of Oral Contraceptives Combined With Pycnogenol (Pinus Pinaster) On Aromatase and VEGF Expression in the Eutopic Endometrium of Endometriosis Patients. Gynecol Obstet 4:2, 2014 临床研究 : 妊娠期间, 碧容健可对痔疮的体征和症状显示出积极的作用 Belcaro G, Gizzi G, Pellegrini M, Dugall M, Luzzi R, Corsi M, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cesarone MR, Ledda A, Bottari A, Errichi BM Pycnogenol 8 in postpartum symptomatic hemorrhoids. Minerva Ginecologica 66(1): 77-84, 2014 碧容健与口服避孕药一起服用可减轻子宫内膜异位引起的疼痛 Maia H, Haddad C, Casoy J Combining oral contraceptives with a natural nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitor for the treatment of endometriosis-related pain. Int J Womens Health 6: 35-39, 2014 临床研究 : 每日摄入 60mg 相对低剂量的碧容健 可显著改善围绝经期症状, 并且研究显示此摄入剂量不会干扰性激素水平 Kohama T, Negami M Effect of low-dose French maritime pine bark extract on climacteric syndrome in 170 perimenopausal women. J Reprod Med 58(1-2): 39-46, 2013 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 28

29 妇女健康 生育和生殖系统 Ref. 336 Ref. 220 Ref. 219 Ref. 187 Ref. 174 Ref. 145 Ref. 091 临床研究 : 碧容健有助于显著减少绝经过渡期相关的体征和症状 Errichi S, Bottari A, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Hosoi M, Cornelli U, Dugall M, Ledda A, Feragalli B Supplementation with Pycnogenol improves signs and symptoms of menopausal transition. Panminerva Med 53: 65-70, 2011 临床研究 : 在一项由日本四家医院参与的多中心研究中, 碧容健可显著减轻痛经, 减少患者所需的止痛药量 Suzuki N, Uebaba K, Kohama T, Moniwa N, Kanayama N, Koike K French Maritime Pine Bark Extract Significantly Lowers the Requirement for Analgesic Medication in Dysmenorrhea. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Reprod Med 53: , 2008 临床研究 : 碧容健可减轻子宫内膜异位疼痛, 其副作用少于激素治疗, 且能够使一些女性怀孕 Kohama T, Herai K, Inoue M Effect of French Martime Pine Bark Extract on endometriosis as compared with Leuprorelin acetate. J Reprod Med 52: , 2007 临床研究 : 在一项针对 200 位绝经女性的研究中, 碧容健能够改善大范围的更年期症状 Yang H-M, Liao M-F, Zhu SY, Liao M-N, Rohdewald P A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the effect of Pycnogenol on the climacteric syndrome in peri-menopausal women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 86: , 2007 临床研究 : 碧容健可减轻妊娠晚期的下腰痛 Kohama T, Inoue M Pycnogenol Alleviates Pain Associated with Pregnancy. Phytother Res 20: , 2006 临床研究 : 碧容健在子宫内膜异位 痛经等妇科疾病治疗中, 具有一定的镇痛作用 它能减少经期痉挛 腹痛和压痛 Kohama T, Suzuki N, Ohno S, Inoue M Analgesic efficacy of French maritime pine bark extract in dysmenorrhea. An open clinical trial. J Reprod Med 49: , 2004 临床研究 : 碧容健 治疗后会从功能上增加正常精子数, 可允许不育夫妇停止进行体外受精 Roseff SJ Improvement in sperm quality and function with French maritime pine tree bark extract. J Reprod Med 47: , 2002 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 29

30 妇女健康 生育和生殖系统 Ref. 046 Ref. 045 临床研究 : 碧容健可改善精子形态 低生育能力男性补充碧容健变形精子数增加 99% Roseff S, Gulati R Improvement of sperm quality by Pycnogenol. Eur Bull Drug Res 7: 33-36, 1999 后可使其不 临床研究 : 碧容健 有助于子宫内膜异位 痛经等妇科疾病的治疗 它能减少经期痉挛 腹痛和压痛 It reduces menstrual cramps, abdominal pain and tenderness. Kohama T, Suzuki N The treatment of gynaecological disorders with Pycnogenol. Eur Bull Drug Res 7: 30-32, 1999 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 30

31 10. 运动及耐力 运动及耐力 Ref. 368 Ref. 230 Ref. 189 Ref. 044 临床研究 : 碧容健可减少氧化应激, 改善运动员的身体素质 Vinciguerra G, Belcaro G, Bonanni E, Cesarone MR, Ledda A, Hosoi M, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Cornelli U Evaluation of the effects of supplementation with Pycnogenol on fitness in normal subjects with the Army Physical Fitness Test and in performances of athletes in the 100-minute triathlon. J sports Med Phys Fitness 53(6): 临床研究 : 碧容健摄入可使年轻健康男性的血管舒张增加 42%, 从而保证为肌肉活动提供充足的血液和氧供应 Nishioka K, Hidaka T, Nakamura S, Umemura T, Jitsuiki D, Soga J, Goto C, Chayama K, Yoshizumi M, Higashi Y Pycnogenol, French Maritime Pine Bark Extract, augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans. Hypertens Res 30: , 2007 临床研究 : 碧容健可减轻运动员和血管问题或腿部血液循环较差患者的肌肉疼痛和痉挛 Vinciguerra G, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Rohdewald P, Stuard S, Ricci A, Di Renzo A, Hosoi M, Dugall M, Ledda A, Cacchio M, Acerbi G, Fano F Cramps and muscular pain: prevention with Pycnogenol in normal subjects, venous patients, athletes, claudicants and in diabetic microangiopathy. Angiology 57: , 2006 临床研究 : 碧容健 可使业余运动员的运动耐力增加 21% Pavlovic P Improved endurance by use of antioxidants. Eur Bull Drug Res 7: 26-29, 1999 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 31

32 11. 认知功能 认知功能 Ref. 407 补充碧容健 12 周可改善医护专业人员的认知功能和氧化应激水平 Belcaro G, Luzzi R, Dugall M, Ipppolito E, Saggino A Pycnogenol8 improves cognitive function, attention, mental performance and specific professional skills in healthy professionals aged J Neurosurg Sci 58: , 2014 Ref. 345 Ref. 241 Ref. 231 Ref. 205 Ref. 204 临床研究 : 碧容健可显著改善健康学生的记忆 认知 注意力和情绪 Luzzi R, Belcaro G, Zulli C, Cesarone MR, Cornelli U, Dugall M, Hosoi M, Feragalli B Pycnogenol supplementation improves cognitive function, attention and mental performance in students. Panminerva Med 53: 75-82, 2011 临床研究 : 碧容健能够显著改善 101 位记忆缺失老年人的记忆力, 节约他们的神经元细胞膜和氧化破坏所消耗的多不饱和脂肪酸 Ryan J, Croft K, Wesnes K, Stough C An examination of the effects of the antioxidant Pycnogenol on cognitive performance, serum lipid profile, endocrinological and oxidative stress biomarkers in an elderly population. J Psycopharmacol 22: , 2008 临床研究 : 碧容健可降低 ADHD 儿童的应激激素水平 Dvorakova M, Jezova D, Blazicek P, Trebaticka J, Skodacek I, Suba J, Waczulikova I, Rohdewald P, Durackova Z Urinary catecholamines in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): modulation by a polyphenolic extract from pine bark (Pycnogenol ). Nutr Neurosci 10: , 2007 临床研究 : 碧容健可改善注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 儿童的抗氧化能力 Dvorakova M, Sivonova M, Trebaticka J, Skodacek I, Waczulikova I, Muchova J, Durackova Z Research Article: The effect of polyphenolic extract from pine bark, Pycnogenol, on the level of glutathione in children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Redox Rep 11: , 2006 临床研究 : 碧容健 可预防注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 儿童的 DNA 被氧化 Chovanova Z, Muchova J, Sivonova M, Dvorakova M, Zitnanova I, Waczulikova I, Trebaticka J, Skodacek I, Durackova Z Effect of polyphenolic extract, Pycnogenol, on the level of 8-oxoguanine in children suffering from attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Free Radic Res 40: , 2006 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 32

33 认知功能 Ref. 190 临床研究 : 在一项双盲安慰剂对照的研究中, 碧容健能够缓解 ADHD 儿童的多动症, 改善其注意力 Trebaticka J, Kopasova S, Hradecna Z, Cinovsky K, Skodacek I, Suba J, Muchova J, Zitnanova I, Waczulikova I, Rohdewald P, Durackova Z Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 15: , 2006 Ref. 083 阿尔茨海默患者大脑内的 β- 淀粉样蛋白会诱发神经元细胞凋亡 ( 细胞早死亡 ) 体外实验显示, 碧容健能够抑制神经元细胞的死亡 Peng QL, Buz Zard AR, Lau BHS Pycnogenol protects neurones from amyloid β peptide-induced apoptosis. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 104: 55-65, 2002 Ref. 069 Ref. 052 Ref. 048 Ref. 047 碧容健会显著减少 β- 淀粉样蛋白引起的血管损伤 β- 淀粉样变性是阿尔茨海 默病 (AD) 的神经病理学标志之一 它解释了碧容健具有能够降低阿尔茨海默病风险的作用 Liu F, Lau BHS, Peng Q, Shah V Pycnogenol protects vascular endothelial cells from β-amyloid-induced injury. Biol Pharm Bull 23: , 2000 碧容健可改善衰老过程常见症状中的学习记忆障碍和记忆缺失 Liu F, Zhang Y, Lau BHS Pycnogenol improves learning impairment and memory deficit in senescence-accelerated mice. J Anti Aging Med 2: , 1999 临床研究 : 建议使用碧容健治疗注意力缺失症 Hanley JL Attention Deficit Disorder. Impact Communications Inc., Green Bay, WI, USA, 17-19, 1999 临床研究 : 这封写给编辑的信中有提到服用碧容健 治疗注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 的疗效鲜明 Heimann SW Pycnogenol for ADHD? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 38: , 1999 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 33

34 12. 皮肤护理 皮肤护理 Ref. 389 Ref. 388 Ref. 348 Ref. 243 Ref. 211 Ref. 195 Ref. 193 临床研究 : 口服碧容健结合每日使用防晒霜可作为黄褐斑其他治疗的辅助手段 Campos V Oral administration of Pycnogenol 8 associated with sunscreen improve clinical symtpoms of melasma. J Am Acad Dermatol AB19 (P8471), 2014 临床研究 : 碧容健补充可改善牛皮癣最常见的临床表现 Belcaro G, Luzzi R, Hu S, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Corsi M, Caporale S Improvement in signs and symptoms in psoriasis patients with Pycnogenol 8 supplementation. Panminerva Med 56: 41-48, 2014 临床研究 : 碧容健可增加女性皮肤弹性和水合性, 这与皮肤中合成新胶原和透明质酸的效果显著一致 Marini A, Grether-Beck S, Jaenicke T, Weber M, Burki C, Formann P, Brenden H, Schönlau F, Krutmann J Pycnogenol Effects on Skin Elasticity and Hydration Coincide with Increased Gene Expressions of Collagen Type I and Hyaluronic Acid Synthase in Women. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 25: 86-92, 2012 碧容健抑制皮肤细胞中色素形成的功效是曲酸的四倍之多, 曲酸是皮肤美白产品中常用化合物之一 Kim YJ, Kang KS, Yokozawa T The anti-melanogenic effect of Pycnogenol by its anti-oxidative actions. Food and Chemical Toxicol 46: , 2008 碧容健具有除皱作用 : 一篇综述论文 Rona C, Vailati F, Berardesca E The cosmetic treatment of wrinkles. J Cosmet Dermatol 3: 26-34, 2004 临床研究 : 碧容健可加速糖尿病性溃疡的愈合 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi BM, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Gizzi G, Rohdewald P, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Cipollone G, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M Diabetic Ulcers: Microcirculatory Improvement and Faster Healing with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 12: , 2006 口服碧容健 能够延缓并减少紫外光辐射后皮肤癌的发生 Kyriazi M, Yova D, Rallis M, Lima A Cancer chemopreventive effects of Pinus maritima bark extract on ultraviolet radiation and ultraviolet radiation -7,12 dimethylbenz(a) anthracene induced skin carcinogenesis of hairless mice. Cancer Lett 237: , 2006 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 34

35 皮肤护理 Ref. 185 Ref. 172 Ref. 150 Ref. 137 Ref. 133 Ref. 132 Ref. 111 Ref. 107 临床研究 : 碧容健可抑制发炎人皮肤中胶原与弹性蛋白分解相关酶的释放 Grimm T, Chovanova Z, Muchova J, Sumegova K, Liptakova A, Durackova Z, Högger P Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and MMP-9 secretion by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). J Inflamm 3: 1-6, 2006 临床研究 : 口服加外敷碧容健可促进小腿溃疡快速愈合 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Errichi BM, Ledda A, Di Renzo A, Stuard S, Dugall M, Pellegrini L, Rohdewald P, Ippolito E, Ricci A, Cacchio M, Ruffini I, Fano F, Hosoi M Venous Ulcers: Microcirculatory Improvement and Faster Healing with Local Use of Pycnogenol. Angiology 56: , 2005 极低浓度的碧容健也会显示出抗菌活性 Torras MAC, Faura CA, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P Anti-microbial activity of Pycnogenol. Phytother Res 19: , 2005 碧容健经人皮肤吸收的证据 Sarikaki V, Rallis M, Tanojo H, Panteri I, Dotsikas Y, Loukas YL, Papaioannou G, Demetzos C, Weber S, Moini H, Maibach HI, Packer L In vitro percutaneous absorption of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ) in human skin. J Toxicol Cutaneous Ocul Toxicol 23: , 2004 外敷碧容健可剂量依赖性加速伤口愈合过程, 减少瘢痕形成 Blazso G, Gabor M, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P Pycnogenol accelerates wound healing and reduces scar formation. Phytother Res 18: , 2004 临床研究 : 结合维生素 矿物质补充碧容健可改善女性皮肤的光滑度和弹性 Segger D, Schönlau F Supplementation with Evelle improves smoothness and elasticity in a double blind, placebo- controlled study with 62 women. J Dermatolog Treat 15: , 2004 晒黑后外敷碧容健可抑制光致癌作用 Sime S, Reeve VE Protection from inflammation, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis induced by UV radiation in mice by topical Pycnogenol. Photochem Photobiol 79: , 2004 临床研究 : 人口服碧容健 后, 体内普遍存在的成分及其代谢物会抑制胶原和弹性蛋白破坏酶 Grimm T, Schäfer A, Högger P Antioxidant activity and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases by metabolites of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). J Free Radic Biol Med 36: , 2004 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 35

36 皮肤护理 Ref. 094 Ref. 081 Ref. 074 Ref. 073 Ref. 057 Ref. 030 Ref. 026 Ref. 019 关于碧容健对皮肤护理有益作用的评论 Schönlau F The cosmeceutical Pycnogenol. J Appl Cosmetol 20: , 2002 临床研究 : 碧容健可消解女性皮肤的色素沉着过度 Ni Z, Mu Y, Gulati O Treatment of melasma with Pycnogenol. Phytother Res 16: , 2002 临床研究 : 碧容健可剂量依赖性抑制紫外光诱导的人皮肤红斑, 这说明它具有有效地抗光老化作用 Saliou C, Rimbach G, Moini H, McLaughlin L, Hosseini S, Lee J, Watson RR, Packer L Solar ultraviolet-induced erythema in human skin and nuclear factor-kappa-b-dependent gene expression in keratinocytes are modulated by French maritime pine bark extract. J Free Radic Biol Med 30: , 2001 碧容健会积极影响人角质细胞的基因表达谱, 这表明其改善牛皮癣 皮肤病等炎症性皮肤疾病的前景广阔 Rihn B, Saliou C, Bottin MC, Keith G, Packer L From ancient remedies to modern therapeutics: Pine bark uses in skin disorders revisited. Phytother Res 15: 76-78, 2001 碧容健可抑制炎症期间人皮肤细胞中粘附分子的产生, 这将有助于减轻炎症性皮肤疾病 Bito T, Roy S, Sen CK, Packer L Pine bark extract Pycnogenol down regulates IFN-γ - induced adhesion of T cells to human keratinocytes by inhibiting inducible ICAM-1 expression. J Free Radic Biol Med 28: , 2000 碧容健可延长维生素 C 的寿命, 这将有助于增加皮肤中维生素 C 的含量 Cossins E, Lee R, Packer L ESR studies of vitamin C regeneration, order of reactivity of natural source phytochemical preparations. Biochem Mol Biol Int 45: , 1998 碧容健可预防 α- 生育酚被氧化, 延长其在内皮细胞中的寿命 Virgili F, Kim D, Packer L Procyanidins extracted from pine bark protect α-tocopherol in ECV 304 endothelial cells challenged by activated RAW macrophages: role of nitric oxide peroxynitrite. FEBS Lett 431: , 1998 碧容健在两个不同模型中显示出抗水肿的作用 外敷碧容健凝胶可保护皮肤免受紫外辐射之害 Blazso G, Gabor M, Rohdewald P Anti-inflammatory activities of procyanidin containing extracts from Pinus pinaster Ait. after oral and cutaneous application. Pharmazie 52: , 1997 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 36

37 皮肤护理 Ref. 009 Ref. 008 碧容健可从病理上增加较低的毛细血管壁阻力 研究显示, 相比试验的其他生 物黄酮素, 碧容健能最有效地强化毛细血管壁, 减少毛细血管渗透性, 故有助于起到抗水肿 抗炎症的作用 Gabor M, Engi E, Sonkodi S Die Kapillarwandresistenz und ihre Beeinflussung durch wasserlösliche Flavonderivate bei spontan hypertonischen Ratten. Phlebologie 22: , 1993 碧容健 可剂量依赖性保护皮肤免受紫外辐射诱导的氧化应激损伤 ( 脂质过氧化和细胞毒性 ) Guochang Z Ultraviolet radiation-induced oxidative stress in cultured human skin fibroblasts and antioxidant protection. Bio Res Rep Univ Jyväskylä 33: 1-86, 1993 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 37

38 13. 口腔保健 口腔保健 Ref. 409 Ref. 356 Ref. 150 Ref. 133 Ref. 084 Ref. 030 碧容健补充可作为牙周炎等骨疾病的有效治疗及预防药物 Sugimoto H, Watanabe K, Toyama T, Takahashi S-s, Sugiyama S, Lee M-C-l, Hamada N Inhibitory Effect of French Pine Bark Extract, Pycnogenol8, on Alveolar Bone Resorption and on the Osteoclast Differentiation. Phytother Res 29(2): , 临床研究 : 将碧容健溶于甘油口服, 可显著控制化疗儿童患者发生粘膜炎 Khurana H, Pandey RK, Saksena AK, Kumar A An evaluation of vitamin E and Pycnogenol in children suffering from oral mucositis during cancer chemotherapy. Oral Dis 19(5): , % 浓度的碧容健就可抑制革兰氏阳性和阴性菌及白色念珠菌 Torras MAC, Faura CA, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P Short Communication: Antimicrobial activity of Pycnogenol. Phytother Res 19: , 2005 局部应用碧容健可剂量依赖性加速伤口愈合过程, 减少瘢痕形成 Blazso G, Gabor M, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P Pycnogenol accelerates wound healing and reduces scar formation. Phytother Res 18: , 2004 临床研究 : 在一项对照临床试验中, 口香糖中加入碧容健可减少牙龈出血, 并减少牙齿上菌斑的形成 Kimbrough C, Chun M, de la Roca G, Lau BHS Pycnogenol chewing gum minimizes gingival bleeding and plaque formation. Phytomed 9: , 2002 碧容健 比其他黄酮类药物更能延长维生素 C 的寿命 Cossins E, Lee R, Packer L ESR studies of vitamin C regeneration, order of reactivity of natural source phytochemical preparations. Biochem Mol Biol Int 45: , 1998 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 38

39 14. 对旅行者的益处 对旅行者的益处 Ref. 244 Ref. 151 Ref. 135 Ref. 134 Ref. 116 Ref. 036 临床研究 : 碧容健可显著减轻洲际航班乘客常见的时差综合症严重程度 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Steigerwalt RJ, Di Renzo A, Grossi MG, Ricci A, Stuard S, Ledda A, Dugall M, Cornelli U, Cacchio M Jet-lag: Prevention with Pycnogenol. Preliminary report: evaluation in healthy individuals and in hypertensive patients. Minerva Cardioangiol 56(5 Suppl): 3-9, 2008 临床研究 : 在一项双盲 安慰剂对照研究中, 碧容健能够有效消解长途飞行期间发生的小腿和脚踝肿胀 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Rohdewald P, Pellegrini L, Ippolito E, Scoccianti M, Ricci A, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Ruffini I, Fano F, Acerbi G, Vinciguerra MG, Bavera P, Di Renzo A, Errichi BM, Mucci F Prevention of edema in long flights with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 11: , 2004 Zinopin ( 碧容健与标准生姜提取物的组合物 ) 可用作旅行者血栓和晕动病的食品补充剂 Scurr JH, Gulati OP Review article: Zinopin - the Rationale for its use as Food Supplement in Traveller s thrombosis and motion sickness. Phytother Res 18: , 2004 临床研究 : 在一项涉及 200 位参与者的双盲 安慰剂对照试验中, 碧容健可用于预防长途航班乘客的血栓形成 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Rohdewald P, Ricci A, Ippolito E, Dugall M, Griffin M, Ruffini I, Acerbi G, Vinciguerra MG, Bavera P, Di Renzo A, Errichi BM, Cerritelli F Prevention of Venous Thrombosis and Thrombophlebitis in Long-Haul Flights with Pycnogenol. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 10: , 2004 临床研究 : 碧容健与纳豆激酶结合使用能预防长途飞行中的深静脉血栓形成 Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Nicolaides AN, Ricci A, Geroulakos G, Ippolito E, Brandolini R, Vinciguerra G, Dugall M, Griffin M, Ruffini I, Acerbi G, Corsi M, Riordan N, Stuard S, Bavera P, Di Renzo A, Kenyon J, Errichi BM Prevention of venous thrombosis in long-haul flights with Flite Tabs: The Lonflit- Flite randomized controlled trial. Angiology 54: , 2003 临床研究 : 碧容健 以剂量依赖性方式抑制人体的血小板聚集 该作用会持续 6 天以上, 与阿司匹林不同的是, 它不会增加出血时间 Pütter M, Grotemeyer KHM, Würthwein G, Araghi-Niknam M, Watson RR, Hosseini S, Rohdewald P Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by Aspirin and Pycnogenol. Thromb Res 95: , 1999 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 39

40 15. 免疫学 抗微生物活性和抗病毒活性 免疫学 抗微生物活性和抗病毒活性 Ref. 409 Ref. 398 Ref 396 Ref. 395 Ref. 375 Ref. 369 Ref. 361 Ref. 356 碧容健补充可作为牙周炎等骨疾病的有效治疗及预防药物 Sugimoto H, Watanabe K, Toyama T, Takahashi S-s, Sugiyama S, Lee M-C-l, Hamada N Inhibitory Effect of French Pine Bark Extract, Pycnogenoi 8, on Alveolar Bone Resorption and on the Osteoclast Differentiation. Phytother Res 29(2): , 碧容健可增强当前标准抗病毒药物的疗效 Ezzikouri S, Nishimura T, Kohara M, Benjelloun S, Kino Y, Inoue K, Matsumori A, Tsukijama-Kohara Inhibitory effects of Pycnogenoi 8 on hepatitis C virus replication. Antiviral Res 113: , 2015 临床研究 : 碧容健可减缓感冒症状, 缩短其病程, 还能预防某些并发症 Belcaro G, Shu H, Luzzi R, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Cesarone MR, Corsi M, Feragalli B Improvement of common cold with Pycnogenoi 8 : a Winter registry study. Panminvera Med 56: , 2014 碧容健补充可恢复免疫系统紊乱, 预防早逝 Lee J, Nam D-E, Kim O-K, Lee M-Y Pycnogenoi 8 attenuates the symptoms of immune dysfunction through restoring a cellular antioxidant status in low micronuturient-induced immune deficient mice. Nutr Res Pract 8(5): , 2014 临床研究 : 克隆氏病儿童患者在缓解期服用碧容健可降低氧化应激水平 Kolacek M, Muchova J, Dvorakova M, Paduchova Z, Zitnanova I, Cierna I, Orszaghova Z, Szekyova D, Jajcaiova- Zednickova N, Kovacs L, Durackova Z Effects of natural polyphenols (Pycnogenol ) on oxidative stress markers in children suffering from Crohn s disease a pilot study. Free Rad Res 47(8): , 2013 临床研究 : 碧容健补充可加速感冒恢复, 与维生素 C 和锌结合使用会更有效 Belcaro G, Luzzi R, Umberto C, Hu S, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Cesarone MR, Corsi M, Pellegrini L, Ledda A, Appendino G The common cold Winter Study: Effects of Pycnogenol on Signs, Symptoms, Complications & Costs. Otorinolaringol 63: , 2013 碧容健在一模型系统中显现出预防帕金森病的保护作用 Khan M, Kempuraj D, Thangavel R, Zaheer A Protection of MPTP-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration by Pycnogenol. Neurochem Int 62: , 2013 临床研究 : 将碧容健 溶于甘油口服, 可显著控制化疗儿童患者发生粘膜炎 Khurana H, Pandey RK, Saksena AK, Kumar A An evaluation of vitamin E and Pycnogenol in children suffering from oral mucositis during cancer chemotherapy. Oral Diseaes 19: , 2012 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 40

41 免疫学 抗微生物活性和抗病毒活性 Ref. 247 Ref. 245 Ref. 236 Ref. 229 Ref. 228 Ref. 225 Ref. 221 Ref. 208 细胞培养实验中, 碧容健可减少 HIV 病毒复制和 T 细胞相互作用 Feng WY, Tanaka R, Inagaki Y, Saitoh Y, Chang MO, Amet T, Yamamoto N, Yamaoka S, Yoshinaka Y Pycnogenol, a procyanidin-rich extract from French maritime pine, inhibits intracellular replication of HIV-1 as well as its binding to host cells. Jpn J Infect Dis 61: , 2008 临床研究 : 碧容健有助于减少癌症化疗和放疗患者的常见各种副作用 Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Genovesi D, Ledda A, Vinciguerra G, Ricci A, Pellegrini L, Gizzi G, Ippolito E, Dugall M, Cacchio M, Di Renzo A, Stuard S Pycnogenol may alleviate adverse effects in oncologic treatment. Panminerva Med 50: , 2008 碧容健可增强巨噬细胞的吞噬作用, 即显示出较好的病原感染防御作用 Wu TF, Hsu CY, Huang HS, Chou SP, Wu H Proteomic analysis of Pycnogenol effects in RAW macrophage reveals induction of cathepsin D expression and enhancement of phagocytosis. J Agric Food Chem 55: , 2007 碧容健可抑制心肌 ( 心肌炎 ) 中的病毒复制 Matsumori A, Higuchi H, Shimada M French maritime pine bark extract inhibits viral replication and prevents development of viral myocarditis. J Card Fail 13: , 2007 碧容健可抑制心肌炎的病毒复制 Matsumori A Treatment Options in Myocarditis. Herz 32: , 2007 碧容健可抑制幽门螺杆菌的生长及其它们对胃黏膜细胞的粘附作用 Rohdewald P, Beil W In vitro inhibition of Helicobacter pylori growth and adherence to gastric mucosal cells by Pycnogenol. 碧容健可抑制两种致突变化学品的有害作用 Krizkova L, Chovanova Z, Durackova Z, Krajcovic J Antimutagenic in vitro Activity of Plant Polyphenols: Pycnogenol and Ginkgo biloba Extract (EGb 761). Phytother Res 22: , 2007 碧容健 可减少人卵巢细胞的癌发生 Buzzard AR, Lau BHS Pycnogenol reduces Talc-induced Neoplastic Transformation in Human Ovarian Cell Cultures. Phytother Res 21: , 2007 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 41

42 免疫学 抗微生物活性和抗病毒活性 Ref. 150 Ref. 173 Ref. 111 Ref. 102 Ref. 095 Ref. 082 Ref. 059 Ref. 055 碧容健显示出显著的体外抗菌活性 Torras MAC, Faura CA, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P Antimicrobial activity of Pycnogenol. Phytother Res 19: , 2005 碧容健可选择性杀死癌卵巢生殖细胞 Buzzard AR, Lau BHS Research article: Selective toxicity of Pycnogenol for malignant ovarian germ cells in vitro. Int J Cancer Prev 1: , 2004 晒伤后外敷碧容健可抑制紫外辐射诱导的免疫系统抑制 Sime S, Reeve VE Protection from inflammation, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis induced by UV radiation in mice by topical Pycnogenol. Photochem Photobiol 79: , 2004 感染原生动物寄生虫的小鼠摄入碧容健后可获得数种保护作用 Kim HC, Healey JM Effects of Pine bark extract administered to immunosuppressed adult mice infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Am J Chin Med 29: , 2001 碧容健可激活体外巨噬细胞, 更有效地杀死入侵细菌 Shah V, Bayeta E, Lau BHS Pycnogenol augments macrophage phagocytosis and cytokine secretion. Pak J Nutr 1: , 2002 临床研究 : 碧容健对红斑狼疮患者有一定的有益作用 Stefanescu M, Matache C, Onu A, Tanaseanu S, Dragomir C, Constantinescu I, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P, Szegli G Pycnogenol Efficacy in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. Phytother Res 15: , 2001 碧容健可选择性杀死人体的癌性乳腺细胞 (MCF-7), 且不会对正常乳腺细胞 (MCF-10) 产生任何影响 Huynh HT, Teel RW Selective induction of apoptosis in human mammary cancer cells (MCF-7) by Pycnogenol. Anticancer Res 20: , 2000 一定浓度的碧容健 会以时间依赖方式加速巨噬细胞系统中的 TNF-α 分泌, 即它可作为巨噬细胞免疫反应的调制器 Park YC, Rimbach G, Saliou C, Valacchi G, Packer L Activity of monomeric, dimeric, and trimeric flavonoids on NO production, TNF-alpha secretion, and NF-kappaBdependent gene expression in I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 42

43 免疫学 抗微生物活性和抗病毒活性 Ref. 029 Ref. 016 碧容健可减慢因免疫细胞和血液细胞生成系统活动下降而引起的衰老, 使它们恢复正常功能 Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BHS Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 54: , 1998 碧容健可加快感染致白血病逆转录酶病毒小鼠的免疫系统活动 碧容健能够增强自然杀手细胞的毒性 Cheshier JE, Ardestani-Kaboudanian S, Liang B, Araghi Niknam M, Chung S, Lane L, Castro A, Watson RR Immunomodulation by Pycnogenol in retro-virus infected or ethanol-fed mice. Life Sci 58: 87-96, 1996 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 43

44 16. 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 Ref. 406 Ref. 405 Ref. 404 Ref. 401 Ref. 397 Ref. 396 Ref. 395 Ref. 391 碧容健对于急性肝中毒具有一定的防护作用 Ko J-W, Lee I-C, Park S-H, Moon C, Kang S-S, Kim S-H, Kim J-C Protective effects of pine bark extract against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats. LabAnim Res 30(4): , mg 的单剂量碧容健可诱使人纤维肉瘤细胞死亡 Harati K, Slodnik P, Chromik AM, et al Pro-apoptotic effects of pycnogenol on HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. IntJ Oncol DOI /ijo , 2014 碧容健是粘液表皮样癌治疗的最佳备选药物 Yang I-H, Shin J-A, Cho S-D Pycnogenol 8 induces nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and caspase-independent apoptosis in MC-3 human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line. J Cancer Prevention 19: , 2014 临床研究 : 碧容健摄入可降低血糖水平, 增强血浆的抗氧化能力 Muchova J, Orszaghova Z, Zitnanova I, Trebaticky B, Breza J, Durackova Z The effect of natural polyphenols on the oxidative stress markers in patients with diabetic nephropathy. FreeRadBiolMed72:42,2014 碧容健可改善实验性糖尿病大鼠的心脏功能 Kralova E, Jankyova S, Mucaji P, Gresakova E, Stankovicova T Pycnogenol and its fractions influence the function of isolated heart in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus. J Pathology Research & Practice, 211: ; 2015 临床研究 : 碧容健可减缓感冒症状, 缩短其病程, 还能预防某些并发症 Belcaro G, Shu H, Luzzi R, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Cesarone MR, Corsi M, Feragalli B Improvement of common cold with Pycnogenol 8 : a Winter registry study. Panminvera Med 56: , 2014 碧容健补充可恢复免疫系统紊乱, 预防早逝 LeeJ, Nam D-E, Kim O-K, Lee M-Y Pycnogenol 8 attenuates the symptoms of immune dysfunction through restoring a cellular antioxidant status in low micronutrient-induced immune deficient mice Nutr Res Pract 8(5): , 2014 碧容健 通过减少大鼠的 DNA 损伤 增强抗氧化及 DNA 修复能力, 在预防败血症诱发的氧化损伤中发挥着一定作用 Taner G, Aydin S, Bacanh M, Sarigol Z, Sahin T, Basaran AA and Basaran N Modulating Effects of Pycnogenol 8 on Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Induced by Sepsis in Rats. I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 44

45 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 Ref. 390 Ref. 388 Ref. 385 Ref. 367 Ref. 349 Ref. 336 Ref. 241 碧容健的抗氧化活性对治疗类似抑郁症行为有一定的积极作用 Mei L, Mochizuki M, Hasegawa N Pycnogenol 8 Ameliorates Depression-Like Behavior in Repeated Corticosterone-lnduced Depression Mice Model. BioMed Res Int Article 临床研究 : 碧容健补充可改善牛皮癣最常见的临床表现 Belcaro G, Luzzi R, Hu S, Cesarone MR, Dugall M, Ippolito E, Corsi M, Caporale S Improvement in signs and symptoms in psoriasis patients with Pycnogenol 8 supplementation. Panminerva Med 56: 41-48, 2014 碧容健有益于新陈代谢及心血管健康 Aribal-Ayral P, Ozelci-Kavas G, Elhan AH Pycnogenol 8 supplementation and its beneficial effects in healthy rats. Saudi Med J 35(2): , 2014 临床研究 :155 位志愿者每日摄入的 50mg 碧容健可显著中和自由基, 压制氧化应激 Belcaro G, Hu S, Cesarone MR, Dugall M A controlled study shows daily intake of 50mg Pycnogenol significantly lowers plasma reactive oxygen metabolites in 155 healthy smokers. Minerva Med 104(4): , 2013 临床研究 : 据血液 F2- 异前列烷水平降低判断, 碧容健可显著减少心脏病患者的氧化应激反应 Enseleit F, Sudano I, Périat D, Winnik S, Wolfrum M, Flammer AJ, Fröhlich GM, Kaiser P, Hirt A, Haile SR, Krasniqi N, Matter CM, Uhlenhut K, Högger P, Neidhart M, Lüscher TF, Ruschitzka F, Noll G Effects of Pycnogenol on endothelial function in patients with stable coronary artery disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Eur Heart J 33(13): , 2012 临床研究 : 碧容健可显著减少绝经期女性的氧化应激反应 Errichi S, Bottari A, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Hosoi M, Cornelli U, Dugall M, Ledda A, Feragalli B Supplementation with Pycnogenol improves signs and symptoms of menopausal transition. Panminerva Med 53: 65-70, 2011 临床研究 :101 位老年人服用碧容健 后, 其血浆 F2- 异前列烷水平显著降低, 这说明他们体内的多不饱和脂肪酸被从氧化破坏中节省下来的, 如来自神经元细胞膜的多不饱和脂肪酸 Ryan J, Croft K, Wesnes K, Stough C An examination of the effects of the antioxidant Pycnogenol on cognitive performance, serum lipid profile, endocrinological and oxidative stress biomarkers in an elderly population. J Psychopharmacol 22: , 2008 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 45

46 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 Ref. 227 Ref. 226 Ref. 218 Ref. 215 Ref. 205 Ref. 204 Ref. 203 碧容健和叶黄素协同作用可增强抗氧化作用, 预防脂质过氧化 Nakanishi-Ueda T, Kamegawa M, Ishigaki S, Tsukahara M, Yano S, Wada K, Yasuhara H Inhibitory Effect of Lutein and Pycnogenol on Lipid Peroxidation in Porcine Retinal Homogenate. J Clin Biochem Nutr 38: , 2006 碧容健具有肝脏保护作用, 这一结果来自急性化学品中毒模型 Yang Y-S, Ahn T-H, Lee J-C, Moon C-J, Kim S-H, Jun W, Park S-C, Kim H-C, Kim J-C Protective effects of Pycnogenol on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepato-toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. Food Chem Toxicol 46: , 2008 碧容健可减少面临化学毒素挑战的大鼠肝脏内的氧化应激反应 Ahn T-H, Yang Y-S, Lee J-C, Moon C-J, Kim S-H, Jun W, Park S-C, Kim J-C Ameliorative Effects of Pycnogenol on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Damage in Rats. Phytother Res 21: , 2007 碧容健可保护脂质体免于脂质过氧化, 与维生素 C 和维生素 E 协同可起到一定的保护作用 Sivonova M, Zitnanova I, Horakova L, Strosova M, Muchova J, Balgavy P, Dobrota D, Durackova Z The Combined Effect of Pycnogenol with Ascorbic Acid and Trolox on the Oxidation of Lipids and Proteins. Gen Physiol Biophys 25: , 2006 临床研究 : 碧容健可改善注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 儿童患者的抗氧化能力 Dvorakova M, Sivonova M, Trebaticka J, Skodacek I, Waczulikova I, Muchova J, Durackova Z The effect of polyphenolic extract from pine bark, Pycnogenol on the level of glutathione in children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Redox Rep 11: , 2006 临床研究 : 在一项双盲 安慰剂对照研究中, 碧容健可保护注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 儿童的 DNA 不被氧化 Chovanova Z, Muchova J, Sivonova M, Dvorakova M, Zitnanova I, Waczulikova I, Trebaticka J, Skodacek I, Durackova Z Effect of polyphenolic extract, Pycnogenol, on the level of 8-oxoguanine in children suffering from attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Free Radic Res 40: , 2006 碧容健 能够防止氧化损伤蛋白质的积累, 可降低发生阿尔茨海默病 帕金森病和亨廷顿病的风险 Voss P, Horakova L, Jakstadt M, Kiekebusch D, Grune T Ferritin oxidation and proteasomal degradation: Protection by antioxidants. Free Radic Res 40: , 2006 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 46

47 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 Ref. 187 Ref. 183 Ref. 140 Ref. 105 Ref. 099 Ref. 098 Ref. 093 临床研究 : 在一项涉及 155 位更年期女性的双盲 安慰剂对照研究中, 碧容健可显著增强患者的总体抗氧化能力 (TAS) Yang HM, Liao MF, Zhu SY, Liao MN, Rohdewald P A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the effect of Pycnogenol on the climacteric syndrome in peri-menopausal women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 86: , 2007 碧容健可保护肠黏膜免受放疗引起的损害 : 大鼠的组织形态证据 Ramos FM, Schönlau F, Novaes PD, Manzi FR, Bóscolo FN, Almeida SM Pycnogenol protects against ionizing radiation as shown in the intestinal mucosa of rats exposed to X-rays. Phytother Res 20: , 2006 碧容健可保护人类红血细胞免膜受氧化损伤 Sivonová M, Waczulíková I, Kilanczyk E, Hrnciarová M, Bryszewska M, Klajnert B, Duracková Z The effect of Pycnogenol on the erythrocyte membrane fluidity. Gen Physiol Biophys 23: 39-51, 2004 碧容健可降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖 增强细胞内抗氧化防御机制 Maritim A, Dene BA, Sanders RA, Watkins JB Effect of Pycnogenol treatment on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17: , 2003 碧容健与其他抗氧化剂的组合物作为膳食补充剂可延长小鼠的存活寿命 这些 结果表明, 碧容健对神经退行性疾病有着积极的作用 Veurink G, Liu D, Taddei K, Perry G, Smith MA, Robertson TA, Hone E, Groth DM, Atwood CS, Martins RN Reduction of inclusion body pathology in ApoE-deficient mice fed a combination of antioxidants. J Free Radic Biol Med 34: , 2003 果蝇寿命延长证明碧容健可延缓衰老过程 Shuguang L, Xinwen Z, Sihong X, Gulati OP Role of Pycnogenol in aging by increasing the Drosophila s life-span. Eur Bull Drug Res 11: 39-45, 2003 临床研究 : 在一项双盲 安慰剂对照研究中, 碧容健 可显著增加血脂异常男性的血浆 FRAP 值 Durackova Z, Trebaticky B, Novotny V, Zitnanova I, Breza J Lipid metabolism and erectile function improvement by Pycnogenol, extract from the bark of Pinus pinaster in patients suffering from erectile dysfunction-a pilot study. Nutr Res 23: , 2003 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 47

48 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 Ref. 090 Ref. 086 Ref. 072 Ref. 070 Ref. 069 Ref. 063 Ref. 062 Ref. 052 临床研究 : 人志愿者口服碧容健后, 其血浆氧自由基吸收能力 (ORAC) 增强 Devaraj S, Vega-López S, Kaul N, Schönlau F, Rohdewald P, Jialal I Supplementation with a pine bark extract rich in polyphenols increases plasma antioxidant capacity and alters plasma lipoprotein profile. Lipids 37: , 2002 碧容健结合乳清使用可增强血浆的抗氧化能力 Janisch K, Hippeli S, Dornisch K, Kern S, Elstner EF Determination of the antioxidative potential of human plasma after supplementation with Pycnogenol and whey. Food Res Intern 35: , 2002 碧容健选择性增强细胞内抗氧化酶的活性 Bayeta E, Lau BHS Pycnogenol inhibits generation of inflammatory mediators in macrophages. Nutr Res 20: , 2000 碧容健凭借高含量的前氰定低聚物其抗氧化功效高于其他也含有相对较高常规黄酮素的植物源抗氧化剂 这一事实可从结构和功能上加以解释 Bors W, Michel C, Stettmaier K Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of radical species of proanthocyanidins and gallate esters. Arch Biochem Biophys 374: , 2000 碧容健会显著减少 β- 淀粉样蛋白引起的血管损伤 β- 淀粉样变性是阿尔茨海 默病 (AD) 的神经病理学标志之一, 这表明碧容健具有能够降低阿尔茨海默病风险的作用 Liu F, Lau BHS, Peng Q, Shah V Pycnogenol protects vascular endothelial cells from β-amyloid-induced injury. Biol Pharm Bull 23: , 2000 碧容健显示出抗活性氧族的自由基清除活性 它能够抑制促炎介质的产生, 因 而确认了碧容健的抗炎性和免疫调制特性 Cho K-J, Yun C-H, Yoon D-Y, Cho Y-S, Rimbach G, Packer L, Chung A-S Effect of bioflavonoids extracted from the bark of Pinus maritime on proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated raw Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 168: 64-71, 2000 碧容健阻滞细胞蛋白氧化修饰的功效比其他抗氧化剂强 Kim J, Chehade J, Pinnas JL, Mooradian AD Effect of select antioxidants on malondialdehyde modification of proteins. Nutrition 16: , 2000 碧容健 可改善衰老过程常见症状中的学习记忆障碍和记忆缺失 Liu F, Zhang Y, Lau BHS Pycnogenol improves learning impairment and memory deficit in senescence-accelerated mice. J Anti Aging Med 2: , 1999 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 48

49 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 Ref. 051 Ref. 033 Ref. 030 Ref. 029 Ref. 026 Ref. 025 Ref. 022 在一项比较研究中, 碧容健表现出比维生素 C 和 E 硫辛酸 Co-Q10 和葡萄籽 更高校的抗氧化活性 结合碧容健可增强辅酶 Q10 等其他抗氧化剂的抗氧化作用 Chida M, Suzuki K, Nakanishi-Ueda T, Ueda T, Yasuhara H, Koide R, Armstrong D In vitro testing of antioxidants and biochemical end-points in bovine retinal tissue. Ophthalmic Res 31: , 1999 鉴于相应自由基的相对稳定性和维生素 C 和 E 等同系物诱导的再生性, 碧容健是一种高效的抗氧化剂 Guo Q, Zhao B, Packer L Electron spin resonance study of free radicals formed from a procyanidin-rich pine (Pinus maritime) bark extract, Pycnogenol. J Free Radic Biol Med 27: , 1999 碧容健可预防维生素 C 被氧化和被循环氧化的功效高于其他黄酮类药物 Cossins E, Lee R, Packer L ESR studies of vitamin C regeneration, order of reactivity of natural source phytochemical preparations. Biochem Mol Biol Int 45: , 1998 碧容健可减慢因免疫细胞和血液细胞生成系统活动下降而引起的衰老, 使它们恢复正常功能 Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BHS Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 54: , 1998 碧容健能够保护内皮细胞中的 α- 生育酚 Virgili F, Kim D, Packer L Procyanidins extracted from pine bark protect α-tocopherol in ECV 304 endothelial cells challenged by activated RAW macrophages: role of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite. FEBS Lett 431: , 1998 碧容健可抑制氧化应激作用, 将羟自由基诱发的 DNA 损害降至最低 Nelson AB, Lau BHS, Ide N, Rong Y Pycnogenol inhibits macrophage oxidative burst, lipoprotein oxidation and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 24: , 1998 除自由基清除特性外, 碧容健 还能调制激活炎性细胞中一氧化氮自由基的产生 Virgili F, Kobuchi H, Packer L Procyanidins extracted from Pinus maritima (Pycnogenol ): scavengers of free radical species and modulators of nitrogen monoxide metabolism in activated murine raw macrophages. J Free Radic Biol Med 24: , 1998 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 49

50 抗氧化剂和抗衰老活性 Ref. 021 Ref. 020 Ref. 014 Ref. 010 Ref. 007 研究显示, 在其他试验的提取物中, 碧容健是最强的羟自由基和超氧自由基清除剂 Noda Y, Anzai K, Mori A, Kohno M, Shinmei M, Packer L Hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities of natural source antioxidants using the computerized JES-FR30 ESR spectrometer system. Biochem Mol Biol Int 42: 35-44, 1997 碧容健可促进细胞内膜动脉中抗氧化酶的合成, 使其量加倍 Wei ZH, Peng QL, Lau BHS Pycnogenol enhances endothelial cell antioxidant defenses. Redox Rep 3: , 1997 碧容健可保护内皮细胞衬里免受自由基之害 内皮细胞损伤是动脉粥样硬化的主要原因之一 Rong Y, Li L, Shah V, Lau BHS Pycnogenol protects vascular endothelial cells from t-butyl hydroperoxide induced oxidant injury. Biotechnol Ther 5: , 1995 碧容健可清除体外的超氧自由基, 抑制体内水肿 抗炎性与自由基清除活动密切相关 Blazso G, Gabor M, Sibbel R, Rohdewald P Anti-inflammatory and superoxide radical scavenging activities of a procyanidins containing extract from the bark of Pinus pinaster sol. and its fractions. Pharm Parmacol Lett 3: , 1994 研究证明, 碧容健 是极好的酶促羟自由基和单态氧自由基 ( 最危险的两种自由基 ) 清除剂 Elstner EF, Kleber E Radical scavenger properties of leucocyanidine. In: Das NP, ed. Flavonoids in Biology & Medicine III: Current issues in Flavonoid Research: National University of Singapore Press: , 1990 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 50

51 17. 分析 生物可用性和代谢 分析 生物可用性和代谢 Ref. 403 Ref. 379 Ref. 372 Ref. 371 Ref. 353 Ref. 301 Ref. 239 摄入碧容健后, 用于检测和定量人血细胞中植物源化合物的不同样品制备方法, 其间的比较报告 Mulek M, Hogger P Highly sensitive analysis of polyphenols and their metabolites in human blood cells using dispersive SPE extraction and LC-MS/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem DOI /s y, 2015 碧容健是一种非常有前景的预防脂肪肝或动脉粥样化的天然化合物 Ikuyama S, Fan B, Gu J-Q, Mukae K, Watanabe H Molecular mechanism of intracellular lipid accumulation: Suppressive effect of Pycnogenol 8 in liver cells. FFHD 3(9): , 2013 人服用碧容健后的代谢物会被红细胞 白细胞 内皮细胞和神经细胞经 GLUT1 转运体内化 这种组织 - 特异性积累代表了碧容健主要活动模式的常见共同特性, 它与炎症控制 内皮功能和认知效益相关 Kurlbaum M, Mülek M, Högger P Facilitated Uptake of a Bioactive Metabolite of Maritime Pine Bark Extract (Pycnogenol ) into Human Erythrocytes. PLOS ONE 8(4): 1-10, 2013 碧容健作为天然混合物, 与提取物成分相比, 能更好地调控内皮功能障碍 Jankyova S, Hlavackova L, Kralova E, Slazneva J, Drobna V, Zuzik P, Drafi F, Mucaji P, Racanska E The Evaluation of Efficacy of Pycnogenol Fractions on Endothelial Dysfunction. Acta Fac Pharm Univ Comen LX(1): 7-14, 2013 人摄入碧容健后形成的代谢物可积累于免疫细胞 ( 白细胞 ) 内, 调制炎性过程 Uhlenhut K, Högger P Facilitated cellular uptake and suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase by a metabolite of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ). Free Radic Biol Med, 53: , 2012 碧容健各成分可与白蛋白结合在一起, 在血液中运输, 而其代谢物与血蛋白间没有任何联系 Kurlbaum M, Högger P Plasma protein binding of polyphenols from maritime pine bark extract (USP). J Pharm Biomed Anal 54: , 2011 碧容健 可抵消酒精的神经毒性, 即可缓解醉酒后的不适症状 Siler-Marsiglio KI, Paiva M, Madorsky I, Serrano Y, Neeley A, Heaton MB Protective mechanisms of Pycnogenol in ethanol-insulted cerebellar granule cells. J Neurobiol 61: , 2004 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 51

52 分析 生物可用性和代谢 Ref. 197 Ref. 171 Ref. 170 Ref. 137 Ref. 060 Ref. 058 Ref. 040 临床研究 : 本研究介绍了人口服碧容健后各成分及代谢物的表现 Grimm T, Skrabala R, Chovanova Z, Muchova J, Sumegova K, Liptakova A, Durackova Z, Högger P Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol ) after oral administration to healthy volunteers. BMC Clin Pharmacol 6:4, 2006 美国药典 (USP) 专著 南欧海松提取物 USP The United States Pharmacopeia, United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. official from May 1, 2011 美国药典 (USP) 专著 南欧海松 USP The United States Pharmacopeia, United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. official from May 1, 2007 碧容健经人皮肤吸收的证据 Sarikaki V, Rallis M, Tanojo H, Panteri I, Dotsikas Y, Loukas YL, Papaioannou G, Demetzos C, Weber S, Moini H,Maibach HI, Packer L n vitro Percutaneous Absorption of Pine Bark Extract (Pycnogenol ) in Human Skin. Toxicol Cutaneous Ocul Toxicol 23: , 2004 临床研究 : 通过研究阿魏酸 ( 碧容健的成分之一 ) 的排泄方式, 证实了碧容健 在健康人受试者体内的生物动力学特性 ( 吸收 代谢及排泄 ) irgili F, Pagana G, Bourne L, Rimbach G, Natella F, Rice-Evance C, Packer L erulic acid excretion as a marker of consumption of a French maritime pine (Pinus maritima) bark extract. Free Radic Biol Med 28: , 2000 临床研究 : 碧容健各成分及其代谢物在人体内发挥有益作用的生物利用度在 24h 以上 rosse-düweler K, Rohdewald P rinary metabolites of French maritime pine bark extract in humans. harmazie 55: , 2000 研究基于碧容健的体外疗效证实了其生物利用性 : 预防血小板聚集和毛细血管封闭作用 以硫酸盐形式存在于尿液中的戊内酯或尿液中的葡糖苷酸代表了碧 容健的活性成分 ohdewald P ioavailabilty and metabolism of Pycnogenol. ur Bull Drug Res 7: 5-7, 1999 I Horphag Research-Geneva, 瑞士 I Horphag Research Asia-Shanghai, 中国 I Horphag Research-Hoboken NJ, 美国 I I HORPHAG 52

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