Microsoft Word - 1--李共国_new_.doc

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1 39 1 Vol. 39, No ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA Jan., doi: / 李共国 2 包薇红 2 徐石林 2 王艳 2 谭大鹏 1 黄平沙 (1., ; 2., ) : , 9,, 95, ; (Brachionus) (Keratella), 22.1%, 20.2%, 1 6,, 7 13, ; 5 (3160 ind./l), ; (Intermediate disturbance hypothesis) Two-way ANOSIM Bray-Curtis :, R=0.264 P=0.1% R=0.234 P=0.1%, (PCA) : COD Cr TN DO BOD 5 ; ph TN/TP : ; ; ; ; ; 中图分类号 : Q 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2015) , km; km 2, 105 km, 1934 km 2, 98 km, 2223 km 2,,, 26 km, 361 km ,,, [1],,,, [2], [3 7],, [8 10], (),, 收稿日期 : ; 修订日期 : 基金项目 : 宁波市科技计划项目 (2010A80002) 资助作者简介 : (1964 ),, ; ; ligongguo@tom.com 通信作者 :, huangpingsha@gmail.com

2 2 39,,, 1 1.1, 13 ( 1), 1, 1 2 ; 3 10 ( ); , Secchi 5 L : (DO) COD Cr BOD 5 (TP) (TN) (Sal.) a (Chl. a) [11] 1.3,, 5 L, 5 L, 5% 13# (112 μm), [2]; Koste De Smet Seger [12 19] 1.4 Margalef (d), (1) : d ( S 1)/lnN (1) 1 Fig. 1 Sketch map of sampling sites in the Yongjiang River, ; Dot: sampling section; Number: sampling section No.; black arrow: the direction of flow

3 1 : 3, S ; N Shannon-Weiner (H ), (2) : s H p log p (2) i 1, s ; p i i Pielou (J), (3): J H /log 2 S (3) i 2 i, H Shannon-Weiner ; S 1.5 Two-way ANOSIM Bray-Curtis SPSS 17.0 version PREIMER 6.0 version Tab. 1 表 1 甬江干流各采样断面的基本情况 The brief introductions of sampling sections in the Yongjiang River Section Sections (, ) Location (longitude and latitude) Brief condition 1 ( , ) ; 2 ( , ) ; 3 ( , ), 4 ( , ), 5 ( , ), 6 ( , ), 7 ( , ), 8 ( , ), 9* ( , ),, 10 ( , ), 11 ( , ), 12 ( , ), 13 ( , ), : * ph Tab. 2 Water temperature ( ) 表 2 甬江干流各采样断面水质理化指标的周年变化范围 The physiochemical parameters of water at different sections in the Yongjiang River DO (mg/l) Salinity ( ) Transparency (cm) BOD 5 (mg/l) COD Cr (mg/l) TP (mg/l) TN (mg/l) a (μg/l)

4 4 39 2,, ph,,, (DO BOD 5 COD Cr TP TNa) 2, 9,,,, 9, DO, ;, DO BOD 5 COD Cr,,, 6 8 BOD 5 COD Cr ( 9 ), 10 BOD 5 COD Cr, BOD 5 COD Cr TN TP BOD 5 COD Cr 3 TP, Chl. a,, Chl. a, ( 9 ) 2.2, 95, ; ( 3),, (Brachionus) (Keratella), 22.1%, 20.2% Fig. 2 2 DO BOD 5 COD Cr TP TN a Annual average of DO, BOD 5, COD Cr, TP, TN and chlorophyll-a content at each section in the Yongjiang River

5 1 : 5 Tab. 3 表 3 甬江干流中的浮游动物种类 The zooplankton species found in the Yongjiang River Rotifera Anuraeopsis coelata A. fissa Asplanchna brightwellii A. priodonta Brachionus angularis B. budapestiensis B. calyciflorus B. caudatus B. dimidiatus B. diversicornis B. falcatus B. forficula B. ibericus B. leydigi B. plicatilis B. quadridentatus B. rotundiformis B. rubens B. urceolaris Colurella adriatica C. obtusa C. uncinata Floscularia sp. Cephalodella gibba ( 1)Cephalodella sp.1 ( 2)Cephalodella sp.2 Epiphanes macroura ( 1)Encentrum sp.1 ( 2)Encentrum sp.2 Euchlanis dilatata Filinia longiseta F. novaezealandiae F. opoliensis F. passa F. terminalis ( )Filinia sp. Hexarthra mira Keratella cochlearis K. procurva K. tropica ( )Keratella sp. Lecane bulla L. closterocerca L. donneri L. hastata L. luna L. stenroosi L. tenuiseta ( )Lecane sp. Lepadella patella ( )Lepadella sp. ( )Lindia sp. Notholca verae N. labis Polyarthra dolichoptera P. indica Polyarthra vulgaris ( )Polyarthra sp. Pompholyx sulcata ( )Proales sp. ( )Paradicranophorus sp. Synchaeta arcifera Synchaeta kitina S. oblonga S. pectinata S. stylata Testudinella patina Trichocerca pusilla T. similis T. gracilis T. iernis Trichotria tetractis Cladocera 溞 Alona sp. 溞 Bosmina longirostris 溞 B. coregoni 溞 Bosminopsis deitersi 溞 ( 1)Daphnia sp.1 溞 ( 2)Daphnia sp.2 溞 Diaphanosoma excisum 溞 D. dubium 溞 D. orghidani transamurensis 溞 Moina micrura Copepoda Acartia southwelli ( )Cyclops sp. ( )Diacyclops sp. Eucyclops cf. speratus ( )Halicyclops sp. ( )Hemicyclops sp. Schmackeria forbesi S. inopinus Sinocalanus laevidactylus Limnoithona tetraspina L. sinensis Mesocyclops ogunnus Thermocyclops crassus Others Polychaete larvae Lamellibranch larva Gastropod larvae Cirripedia larvae 2.3, 1 6,, 4 (2600 ind./l) 5 (3160 ind./l); 7 13,, 8 (2430 ind./l) 11 (800 ind./l)( 3) ,, ( ), ( 4) 2.4 ( ) 4

6 6 39 Fig. 3 3 The abundance seasonal changes of zooplankton communities at different sections in the Yongjiang River Fig. 4 4 The dominant species abundance changes of zooplankton communities in the Yongjiang River A. ; B. A. Brachionus; B. Keratella 4, d ; H , 2.5 Two-way ANOSIM R=0.264 (P=0.1%) R=0.234 (P=0.1%),, Bray-Curtis ( 5),,, 2 2.6, (PCA) 6 PCA1,

7 1 : 7 Fig. 5 5 The dendrogram for the similarity matrix of zooplankton communicates of sampling sections in the Yongjiang River ; Sp. ; Su. ; Au. ; Wi. Number is the No. of sampling sections, Sp. spring; Su. summer; Au. autumn; Wi. winter,, ; ; COD Cr TN DO BOD 5 ( ) PCA2,, ph TN/TP (Sal.) (W-Tmp.)( ) 3 :,,,

8 8 39 Section Tab. 4 d J' H' 表 4 不同季节甬江干流浮游动物群落的多样性指数 The zooplankton community biodiversity of the Yongjiang River in different seasons Section d J' H' Section d J' H' 1( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) : d. Margalef s index; J'. ; H'. 6 PCA Fig. 6 PCA ordination of environmental data for sampling sections in the Yongjiang River [20], [21, 22],,,, , ind./l [8], , 160 ind./l [23],, , 400 ind./l, 2 3 [24], ;, ind./l; [25], ;, ; [26]

9 1 : 9, ; ind./l; [27], [28] ; 90 ind./l, [29] ; ind./l;, ;, [30], [31] ; ; 375 ind./l 172 ind./l, Il d Latka, 10, ind./l [32] Paranapanema, Nogueira ; [33], (95 ), (72 ),,,,, [34] :, ( ) [35],,, : [26],,,,, (10 3 ind./l), 5 (3160 ind./l) : [26 31] [34],,,, ; ( ) ( ), ( 4), ( 1), ( 4 10)( 7) [35], (Intermediate disturbance hypothesis) :, ;, ;,, [36] [37 39],,,,,, 7 Fig.7 The average H indexes of zooplankton communities in the Yongjian River

10 10 39 [40],,, [20], TN TP,,,, [2],,, ( ), COD Cr BOD 5 TN TP ( 2),,,,,,,,,,, COD,,, TN TP Chl. a [32],, COD Cr TN DO BOD 5 ;, ph TN/TP (Sal.) (W-Tmp.) [1] Feng L H, Bao Y X. On environmental effect of constructing tidal gate of the Yongjiang River [J]. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2004, 13(6): [,.., 2004, 13(6): 88 91] [2] Zhang Z S, Huang X F. The Research Method of Fresh Water Plankton [M]. Beijing: Science Press. 1991, 344 [,.. :. 1991, 344] [3] Steinberg D K, Condon R H. Zooplankton of the York River [J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2009, 57: [4] Dauvin J C, Thiebaut E, Wang Z. Short-term changes in the meso-zooplanktonic community in the Seine ROFI (Region of fresh water influence) (eastern English Channel) [J]. Journal of Plankton Research, 1998, 20: [5] Lobry J, David V, Pasquaud S, et al. Diversity and stability of an estuarine trophic network [J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 358: [6] Beaugrand G, Ibanez F, Reid P C. Spatial, seasonal and long-term fluctuations of plankton in relation to hydroclimatic features in the English Channel, Celtic Sea and Bay of Biscay [J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2000, 200: [7] David V, Sautour B, Chardy P, Leconte M. Long-term changes of the zooplankton variability in a turbid environment: the Gironde estuary (France) [J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2005, 64: [8] Jiang Y, Yao J X, Pang K, et al. Community structure characteristics of zooplankton in Argun drainage area in autumn [J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2010, 46: [,,,.. ( ), 2010, 46: ] [9] Ren L P, Zhang Z, Zeng X, et al. Community structure of zooplankton and water quality assessment of Jialing River in Nanchong [J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2011, 10: [10] Benndorf J, Kranich J, Mehner T, et al. Temperature impact on the midsummer decline of Daphnia galeata: an analysis of long-term data from the biomanipulated Bautzen Reservoir (Germany) [J]. Freshwater Biology, 2001, 46: [11] Wei F S. Water and Wastewater Monitoring and Analysis Methods (4th editon) [M]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press. 2002, 784 [. ( ) , 784] [12] Wang J J. Freshwater Rotifer Fauna in China [M]. Beijing: Science Press. 1961, 288 [.. :. 1961, 288] [13] Koste W. Rotatoria: Die Rädertiere Mitteleuropas [M]. Berlin: Publ. Gebrüder Borntraeger, [14] De Smet W H. Dicranophoridae. In: De Smet W H, Pourriot R. Rotifera 5: The Dicranophoridae (Monogononta) and The Ituridae (Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 12 [C]. In: Dumont H J F, Nogrady T (Eds.), Amsterdam: The Netherlands: SPB Academic Publishing. 1997, 325 [15] Segers H. Rotifera 2: The Lecanidae (Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World 9 [C]. In: Dumont H J F, Nogrady T (Eds), The Hague, The Netherlands: SPB Academic Publishing. 1995, 226 [16] Segers H. Annotated checklist of the rotifers (Phylum Rotifera), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy and

11 1 : 11 distribution [J]. Zootaxa, : [17] Jiang X Z, Du N S. Fauna Sinica: Crustacea: Freshwater Cladocera [M]. Beijing: Science Press. 1979, 297 [,..... :. 1979, 297] [18] Research Group of Carcinology, Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica. Fauna Sinica: Crustacea: Freshwater Copepoda [M]. Beijing: Science Press. 1979, 450 [,... :. 1979, 450] [19] Xue J Z, Du N S. Crustacea Biology [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Education Press. 2009, 206 [,.. :. 2009, 206] [20] Liu J K. Advanced Hydrobiology [M]. Beijing: Science Press. 1999, 401 [.. :. 1999, 401] [21] Carpenter K E, Johnson J M, Buchanan C. An index of biotic integrity based on the summer polyhaline zooplankton community of the Chesapeake Bay [J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2006, 62: [22] Duan M, Zhu L, Feng J F, et al. Preliminary study on the ecological criteria calculation method based on the variation of plankton communities [J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2012, 25(2): [,,,.., 2012, 25(2): ] [23] Li Z, Jiang Z F, Ma B, et al. Zooplankton community structure and current status in river health assessment for the lower branch of River Wusuli [J]. Chinese Journal of Fisheries, 2011, 24(3): [ 喆,,,.., 2011, 24(3): 48 54] [24] Jiang Z F, Tang F J, Dong C Z, et al. Population structure of zooplankton in Heilongjiang River system [J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2006, 34(4): [,,,.., 2006, 34(4): 64 66] [25] Su J, Jiang Z F, Dong C Z, et al. Zooplankton composition in Heilongjiang River [J]. Chinese Journal of Fisheries, 2005, 18(1): [,,,.., 2005, 18(1): 18 22] [26] Li J, Shan B Q, Song F, et al. Investigation and analysis on biodiversity of zooplankton of Yongding River and Luanhe River in Haihe River Basin [J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 2011, 30: [,,,.., 2011, 30: ] [27] Zhang C X, Zhan D L, Chen C L, et al. Analysis of plankton and pollution state in Xiaodongjiang River in Maoming area [J]. Journal of Guangdong Ocean University, 2010, 30(4): [,,,.., 2010, 30(4): 22 28] [28] Fang Y H, Huang D M, Wang W J, et al. Characteristics of community structure of zooplankter in autumn at estuary of Dadu River [J]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2012, 33(5): [,,,.., 2012, 33(5): 34 40] [29] Zhai S T, Yang J, Zhang L, et al. Water quality evaluation and zooplankton seasonal changes in backwater area of Pengxi River in the Three Gorges Reservoir [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2012, 28(14): [,,,.., 2012, 28(14): ] [30] Wang X Q, Zeng Y Y, Wu H H, et al. Investigation on plankton community composition and water quality state in the mainstream of Xiangjiang River [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2013, 37(3): [,,,.., 2013, 37(3): ] [31] Ji Y, Zhang J, Sun X Q, et al. Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of zooplankton and water quality assessment in middle and lower reaches of Ganjiang River [J]. Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences), 2012, 40: [,,,.. ( ), 2012, 40: ] [32] Krylov A V. Distribution of zooplankton along the longitudinal profile of two disturbed small rivers of the upper Volga basin [J]. Russian Journal of Ecology, 2004, 35: [33] Nogueira M G. Zooplankton composition, dominance and abundance as indicators of environmental compartmentalization in Jurumirim Reservoir (Paranapanema River), São Paulo, Brazil [J]. Hydrobiologia, 2001, 455: 1 18 [34] Hong S, Chen J S. Structure characteristics of aquatic community from the main rivers in China [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2002, 26(3): [,.., 2002, 26(3): ] [35] Xie J J, Xu Y Q, Chen Y S, et al. The relationship of community structure of zooplankton and the water pollution of the Jinjiang River valley [J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 2005, 40(5): 8 13 [,,,.., 2005, 40(5): 8 13] [36] Connell J H. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs [J]. Science, 1978, 199: [37] Luo T X, Liu S. Influence of the intermediate grazing disturbance on the biodiversity of grassland ecosystem [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science, 2007, 35: [,.., 2007, 35: ] [38] Gao W, Han M M, Xin X, et al. On disturbance theory and its influence on forest resources [J]. Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry, 2009, 7(5): [,,,

12 , 2009, 7(5): 16 18] [39] Liu Y H, Zhao H X. Advances in theory of disturbance and species diversity preservation [J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2000, 22(4): [,.., 2000, 22(4): ] [40] Bao W H, Yang G J, Teng L H, et al. Spatio-temporal variations of main physical and chemical factors and water quality evaluation of Yongjiang River [J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University (Natural Sciences), 2013, 34(3): [,,,.. ( ), 2013, 34(3): ] SEASONAL CHANGE OF ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS IN THE YONGJIANG RIVER, NINGBO LI Gong-Guo 1, BAO Wei-Hong 2, XU Shi-Lin 2, WANG Yan 2, TAN Da-Peng 2 and HUANG Ping-Sha 1 (1. College of Biology and Environment, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo , China; 2. Ningbo Environment Protection Science Research and Design Institute, Ningbo , China) Abstract: In this study, water samples were collected from 13 sections in the Yongjiang River from March 2011 to February Physical and chemical factors were analyzed according to national standards. The structure characteristic and the seasonal changes of the zooplankton communities were measured by the qualitative and quantitative methods. 95 species in water samples were recorded. Among them, 24 genera and 72 species of Rotifera, 5 genera and 10 species of Cladocera, 11 genera and 13 species of Copepoda, and 4 other categories of invertebrate larvae were identified. The dominant species were Brachionus and Keratella, and the abundances of them in the total zooplankton were 22.1% and 20.2%, respectively. The abundance of zooplankton in each section showed a significant seasonal variation. From Section 1 to 6, the abundance peaks appeared in spring, and from Section 7 to 13, the peaks were presented in summer. The maximum peak of zooplankton abundance appeared in Section 5 (3160 ind./l). The biodiversity indexes of zooplanktonic communities were lower in the upstream sections compared with those of mid-downstream sections. The intermediate disturbance hypothesis was used to explain the results. The two-way ANOSIM analysis and Bray-Curtis similarities on hierarchical clustering analysis were used to analyze the similarities of zooplanktonic communities in the river. The results revealed that there were significant difference among the sections (R=0.264, P=0.1%) and seasons (R=0.234, P=0.1%), and the difference among seasons were more significant than the difference among sections. The maximum seasonal difference of zooplanktonic communities was presented between spring and summer. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that in different sections the zooplanktonic communities were affected by COD Cr mainly, followed by TN, DO and BOD 5 ; when the seasonal changes were considered, the zooplanktonic communities were affected by PH mainly, followed by TN/TP, salinity and temperature. Key words: Zooplankton; Community structure; Physiochemical factor; Similarity analysis; Principal component analysis (PCA); Yongjiang River

Microsoft Word - 荆红卫板.doc

Microsoft Word - 荆红卫板.doc 中国环境科学 213,33(2):319~327 China Environmental Science 北京北运河水系水质污染特征及污染来源分析荆红卫 1*, 张志刚 2 1, 郭婧 (1. 北京市环境保护监测中心, 北京 148;2. 核与辐射安全中心, 北京 182) 摘要 : 以北运河