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1 ,,,,, , %, [1 ], 1 %12. 6 %,,, ;,, 10 %, 90 %,,1,9 : GDP 9 %, GDP 15 % ;1 GDP [1 ],,, 1Π4 3200, 3 %, ,,,,,,,, 14

2 ,20,, 83,, ,15,3 (generalist) ; , , , 50 30, 10 %, 66 % ( 80 %), 16 % [2 ] : 60,8. 90, 3. 51,6. 59, 8. 66,,, ( < 40 %) ;,, 97 %!,, 20 %, 10 %, IT %, [3 ],,,,, ;,?,, School Education School ( ), ( ), Leisure ( ), ( ) ; Education Educare,,,,, (Leisure) Education Education ;,,,,,Education,,Education,,,!,,,,! 15

3 2010 3,,, ( ),! 90 :,, ; ; ;,,,,,,;,,?,, 1.,,,,,,,,, ( ), ;,,,,,,,, ( Entry Level) (MIT),MIT,, 20 % (),,,,,,,,,,200, ( Technolo2 gist), 20, ,, 16

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6 ,,, Group T :,,,,,, 6. Teaching, Pushing,, ; Learning,Pulling,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,( ),,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 7.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 19

7 2010 3,,, : ; ; ; ( ), ( ),,,,,,,,,,, 1,, Group T 5E,Engi2 neering( ) Enterprising ( ) Ed2 ucating( ) Environmenting() Ensembling( ) [6 ], :,,, CDIO 12,,,,,,,, 1 ( ),,,,?,, ;,,,,! 600, 25 % 25 %, 20

8 ,5 % %,, %,,,, 211,( 5 15 %),( ),,, , 2 %,,600,,, ;,,,,, 211,,,,, ; 5 %,,,,, 60,,,, 80 90,,,,,,!,,,, ,,,? %,1. 25 % ; %,, 211,, 1. 2 %,,1. 9 %,0. 86 %, % % ; 6,300, 30 GDP211!,211 21

9 2010 3, ( ),,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, 4000, ,10 ; 40000, 100 ; 5000,10,,,,,,,, 20 %,,,,,,,,80 %, :, ;,, ;,,,,, (5 %),,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, ( ),,, 22

10 ,,,,,,, :, 211,, 211,,, 211,,,,,,,,,,,!,,,85 % 211,,, 2, 1., 1993, 2 23

11 GDP 4 %, %, (4. 9 %), (4. 1 %),,,,,,, (3040 %),, ( %),,,,;,,,,,,, 20 % () () ( ) () ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,! 2.,,,, 3. ( ),, 4.,,,,,, 24

12 ,,;,,,,,,,,, ;, ;, ( :, ; ; ; (: ) ) 1. :, China s looming talent shortage, The Mckinsey Quarterly :The online journal of Mckinsey & Co., http :ΠΠwww. mckinseyquarterly. comπarti2 cle - print. aspx? L2 = 18&L3 = 31& ar = :, com 4. : CDIO, :, Johan De Graeve,Paradox - based strategy for innovative engineering education (: )., ; http :ΠΠwww. group - t. be. Reforming Undergraduate Educatio n in Re search2ba sed Universitie s to Cultivate Innovative Talents Zha Jianzhong To build an innovative countryrequires huge quantity of innovative talents with high quality. As the main force of cultivating talents, the higher education sector is greatly responsible for this important and difficult task. This paper starts with the needs on innovative talents of the industries in the transit and upgrade period of the devel2 opment of the economy, reveals the gap between industry s needs and supplying ability of the higher education, an2 alyzes the causes of the gap, and proposes an integrated strategies for reforming the higher education. A special at2 tention is given to the necessity, feasibility, and importance of the reform of undergraduate education in research2 oriented universities in the course of development of the innovative country,and based analysis, a series of mea2 sures and suggestions for the reform are provided. 25

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第３期２０１５年６月Ｎｏ３阅江学刊ＹｕｅｊｉａｎｇＡｃａｄｅｍｉｃＪｏｕｒｎａｌＪｕｎ２０１５高等教育评论关于日本高校人才培养机制创新的若干思考祝曙光苏州科技学院江苏苏州２１５００９摘要日本各界认为导致２０世纪９０年代经济低迷的原因之一就是高等教育缺乏创新精神人才培养机制僵化由此开启了新一轮高等教育改革改革注重培养学生的创新精神构建符合时代要求的新型人才培养机制