2 : 23 complywiththevalueofpublicethicsandtheruleoflaw.publicproductivityandproductivity sharesimilaritiesin the sense thatthey both pursue economy an

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "2 : 23 complywiththevalueofpublicethicsandtheruleoflaw.publicproductivityandproductivity sharesimilaritiesin the sense thatthey both pursue economy an"

浇贾
7 years ago
Views:

1 ( ) JournalofZhejiangUniversity(HumanitiesandSocialSciences) Vol.42No.2 Mar.2012 : DOI: /j.issn X ( ) [ ] [ ] ; ; TheDefinitionAnalyticalFrameworkandImprovementofPublicProductivity HuShuigen ShengYuzheng HuXu (Colegeof Public AdministrationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China) Abstract:Asanewconceptinthefieldofpublicmanagementpublicproductivityhasbecomean importantcriterionformeasuringgovernmentmanagementandpublicserviceandasignificant signreflectingthepublic managingcompetenceofthegovernment.chinaisnowinacritical periodofeconomicandsocialtransitionaswelasadministrativesystemreform.thestudyon publicproductivityofersanewapproachtotheinterpretationofadministrativesystemreform andtheimprovementofpublicmanagementcapacity. Basedonpreviousresearchdonebywesternscholarswecontendthatpublicproductivitycan becomprehendedfromthefolowingthreeperspectives.firstpublicproductivityisaunitof measurementof eficiency and efects which explains how the public resources are used efectivelyandeficiently.secondtheterm public underlinesthepublicnessofthepublic productivitywhichreferstothecapacityofthepublicsectorthegovernmentinparticularto alocateandemploypublicresourcesto meetpublicneeds.thirdpublicproductivityshould [ ] [ ] [ ]htp:// [ ] (08ASH00610AZD012); (08ZDZB08ZB) [ ]1. ; 2. ;3.

2 2 : 23 complywiththevalueofpublicethicsandtheruleoflaw.publicproductivityandproductivity sharesimilaritiesin the sense thatthey both pursue economy and pay great atention to management.howeverpublicproductivityentailsprofoundpoliticalvaluesandataches more importancetotransparencyparticipationresponsivenessobligationtrustandthebalanceof interestsetc.inadditionitissubjecttolawsandembeddedwiththevalueorientationofpublicethics. Thispaperestablishesananalyticalframeworkbasedonthefivedimensionsofeconomics managementpoliticslawsandethicsandatemptstoanalyzecomprehensivelythecurrent situationandproblemsofpublicproductivityinchina.firstfromtheeconomicpointofview publicproductivityisreflectedintheeficiencyofthepublicsectorinthealocationofscarce resourcesorhowtomaximizethealocationeficiencyofpublicresources.herewedealmainly withthe economy and eficiency ofthe activities ofthe public sector.secondfrom the managementpointofviewwecanevaluatepublicproductivityfrom theperspectiveofbasic managementfunctionssuchasplanningorganizationleadershipandcontroletc.thirdfrom thepoliticalpointofviewwecananalyzepublicproductivity mainlythroughthefunctioningof thepublicsectorinpublicpolicy-makingandthetransparencyparticipationresponsiveness obligationtrustandbalanceofinterestssincetheuseandalocationofpublicresourcesare mainly determined by the public policies made by the representative institution or the government.fourthfrom thelegalpointofviewwecan studythelegitimacy ofpublic productivitythroughlegalprocedureslegalentitylegalityandthestrengthofenforcement. Fifthfromtheethicalpointofviewwecananalyzepublicproductivitybyfocusingonfairness andjusticeaswelasobligation. Fromthefiveaforementioneddimensionsseveralcharacteristicsofthepublicproductivityin Chinaaredisplayedinthefolowing.Firstthecapacityofthepublicsectorisquitehighinterms ofresourcealocationandsocialmobilization.secondprogresshasbeen madeinadministrative systemreformandgovernmentmanagementinnovation.thirdpoliticaldemocratizationhasbeen improvedandthelevelofpublic participationin public policy-making has been enhanced. Fourthprogresshasbeenachievedintheconstructionofthegovernmentbytheruleoflaw. Fifththepublicmanagementandpublicservicehavestartedtobecomemorepeople-orientedand concernmoreaboutfairnessandjustice.nonethelesstheoveralstandardofpublicproductivity isstillow in Chinadueto manyfactorsinthetransition period.firstthecostofresource alocationinthepublicsectoristoohigh.secondthemanagementlevelofthepublicsectorisrelatively low.thirdcivicengagementandpublicsupervisionareinsuficientinpublicafairsmanagementand publicpolicymaking.fourththecapabilityofadministrationaccordingtolawinthepublicsectorisyet tobeimproved.fifththerearethesoberconcernsofthedegradationofethicalvalues. Basedontheaboveanalysiswearguethatpublicproductivitycanbepromotedfromthe folowingperspectives.firstfromtheperspectiveofeconomicsthemarketmechanismsshould beintroduced moreto the public sectorin ordertoimprovethe development ofthe PPP (public-privatepartnership) model for public service. Second from the perspective of managementmoreemphasisshouldbeputonthepublicorganizationreformandtheinnovation ofpublicmanagementtechniques.thirdfromtheperspectiveofpoliticsweshouldadvocate morepublicparticipationin publicpolicy making.fourthfrom theperspectiveoflawthe

inadditionitissubjecttolawsandembeddedwiththevalueorientationofpublicethics.

3 24 ( ) 42 governmentshould strengthen administration by law so as to increase the legitimacy of governmentadministration.fifthfrom the perspective of ethicsthe government should reinforcetheconstruction ofpublicethics.besidesfrom the perspective ofintegrationa comprehensiveevaluationsystemofpublicproductivityshouldbesetupinthepublicsector. ThisresearchtriestopromotethedevelopmentofthestudyonpublicproductivityinChina. FirstthispaperfilsinagapinthesystematicstudyofpublicproductivityinChinaanddefines theconceptofpublicproductivitybasedontheexistingresearch.secondthepapersetsupan analyticalframeworkandappliesittothecomprehensiveanalysisofthepublicproductivityin China.Lastthepaperproposestheconstructionofasetofevaluationindicatorsandmechanism asguidanceforpractice. Keywords:publicproductivity;publicmanagement;publicservice;performance (NationalCenterforPublic Productivity) publicproductivity [1]22 (ArieHalachmi) (MarcHolzer) ( ) [2]5-14 (ThomasLauth) ( ) [3]21 ) : ; ; ; [4]35 (N.Hayward) [5]544 (HaryP.Hatry) [6]28 (JeromeA.Mark) :

besidesfrom the perspective ofintegrationa comprehensiveevaluationsystemofpublicproductivityshouldbesetupinthepublicsector.

4 [7]21 (Seok-HwanLee) (performance) ( ) [8]1-5 (MontgomeryVan Wart) (EvanBerman) [9]326 H. (DavidH.Rosenbloom) [10]11-92 : 25 2 :

5 (RonaldCoase) : [11]157 ( ) ( ) [12] [13]37 : ; : 6 2 ( ) 42

6 2 : 27 [14]63 ; 1 : ( ) 1 : ; [ ] ( ) 2009 [K.C.DavisDiscretionary Justice:A PreliminaryInquirytrans.byBiHonghaiBeijing:TheCommercial Press2009.]

7 28 ( ) 42 : % % [15]100 2 ; ; htp:// [MinistryofFinancePRC A National FinancialRevenuefrom Ministry of Financein htp:// htm ] htp:// 2011/10-27/ shtml [StateCouncilInformation Ofice WhitePapersof SocialistLegal System with Chinese Characteristics htp:// ]

htm 2012 1 5 [MinistryofFinancePRC A National FinancialRevenuefrom Ministry of Financein 2010 2011-08-03htp://www.gov.

8 ( ) : GDP % GDP 18.70% 2.38% 4.19% 5.06% [16]230 20% 3% 6% : ; ; [17]142 ; ; [18]52-53 : : ; ; ; ; [19] ; ; [20]49 : [21] 29 2 :

9 30 ( ) 42 : : [22] PPP(public-privatepartnership ) (DavidOsborne)

10 2 : 31 (TedGaebler) [23] ; 20 PPP PPP : [5] [24] ; (SherryArnstein) [25]

11 32 ( ) 42 [26] [9] [ ] [1][ ] [ ] : 46 : 1979 [K. Marx & F.EngelsTheColected Worksof Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels:Vol.46trans.byCentral CompilationandTranslationBureauBeijing:People spublishinghouse1979.] [2]A.Halachmi& M.HolzerStrategicIsuesin PublicSector ProductivitySanFrancisco:Jossey-BassInc [3]T.P.Lauth Budgeting and Productivityin State Government: NotIntegrated but Friendly Public Productivity ReviewVol.10No.3(1987)pp

byCentral CompilationandTranslationBureauBeijing:People spublishinghouse1979.] [2]A.Halachmi& M.

12 2 : 33 [4] : [Xue Yongmin A New StudyontheThreeImportantFactorsthatInfluencetheDevelopmentofProductivity Productivity ResearchNo.2(2002)pp ] [5]N.S.Hayward TheProductivityChalenge Public Administration ReviewVol.36No.5(1976)pp [6]H.P.Hatry TheStatusofProductivity MeasurementinthePublicSector Public Administration Review Vol.38No.1(1978)pp [7]J.A.Mark MeasuringProductivityinGovernment:FederalStateandLocal Public Productivity Review Vol.5No.1(1981)pp [8]M.Holzer& S.H.LeePublic Productivity HandbookNew York:MarcelDekkerInc [9]M.V.Wart & E.Berman Contemporary PublicSectorProductivity Values:NarrowerScopeTougher Standardsand New Rulesofthe Game Public Productivity & ManagementReviewVol.22No.3 (1999)pp [10][ ] H. [ ] S. : : : 2002 [D.H.Rosenbloom & R.S.KravchukPublic Administration: Understanding ManagementPoliticsand Law inthe PublicSectortrans.byZhang Chengfuetal Beijing:ChinaRenminUniversityPress2002.] [11][ ] : : 1994 [R.H.CoaseThe InstitutionalStructure of Productiontrans.by Sheng Hong & Chen YuShanghai:ShanghaiJoint PublishingCompany1994.] [12] : : [Zhang Jinyan An Economic Analysis of China s Government Cost:The Perspective of Principal-AgentTheory Contemporary Finance & EconomicsNo.6(2009)pp ] [13][ ] : [M.Holzer PublicPerformanceEvaluationandImprovement trans.byzhang MengzhongChinese Public AdministrationNo.3(2000)pp ] [14][ ] : : 2003 [G. StaringManagingthe PublicSectortrans.byChen XianWang Hong & Jin XiangwenetalShanghai: ShanghaiTranslationPublishingHouse2003.] [15] : : 2011 [HuShuigenYuXiaofeng & XuFagenetalEnlarging Powersto Develop TownsandInnovation of Power Regulations:Taking Shaoxing Municipalasan ExampleHangzhou:ZhejiangUniversityPress 2011.] [16] : [Ding Yujie & WangKai AnalysisoftheCauseandControlMeasuresoftheIncreasingAdministrationCostsin China The New Scienceand Education JournalNo.26(2010)p.230.] [17] : : 2001 [Zhang JinshengGovernmentBehaviorandItsEfficiency:A Deep Reflectiononthe Reform of Government Beijing:ChinaPlanningPress2001.] [18] : [Wang Zhangwei & Ma Yunrui Historical Lessons and Feasible Measuresin China s Government InstitutionReform Expanding HorizonsNo.3(2005)pp ] [19] : [TangYalin The Predicament and Prospect of Local Government Organizational Reform Chinese Public AdministrationNo.3(2001)pp ]

5No.1(1981)pp.21-44. [8]M.Holzer& S.H.LeePublic Productivity HandbookNew York:MarcelDekkerInc.1992. [9]M.V.Wart & E.

13 34 ( ) 42 [20] : [Ye Xiaochuan On the Perfection of Administrative Organization Law:From the Perspective of China s GovernmentInstitutionReform Expanding HorizonsNo.4(2007)pp ] [21] : ( ) [Zhou Weiqiang Misconceptionsin Government s Organizational Restructuring and their Countermeasures Journalof Liaoning Normal University(SocialSciencesEdition)No.3(2001)pp.4-6.] [22] : [WeiKongyi TheExisting StateofChina srich-poorgapandcountermeasures TheoreticalStudiesNo.7(2011)pp ] [23][ ] [ ] : : 2008 [D. Osborne & T.GaeblerReinventing Governmenttrans.by Zhou DunrenShanghai:ShanghaiTranslation PublishingHouse2008.] [24]H.Simpson ProductivityinPublicServices Journalof EconomicSurveysVol.23No.2(2009)pp [25]S.R.Arnstein A LadderofCitizenParticipation Journalofthe AmericanInstituteof PlannersVol.35 No.4(1969)pp [26] : [Peng Weiming & Ding Huixia On Building AdministerialEthicsofaService-oriented GovernmentofChina PacificJournalNo.10(2009)pp ] : : :35.00 : ; ; : 148 : :faxingbu2004@zju.edu.cn :

] [21] : ( ) 2001 3 4-6 [Zhou Weiqiang Misconceptionsin Government s Organizational Restructuring and their Countermeasures Journalof Liaoning Normal University(SocialSciencesEdition)No.3(2001)pp.4-6.] [22] : 2011 7 17-19 [WeiKongyi TheExisting StateofChina srich-poorgapandcountermeasures TheoreticalStudiesNo.

育達科大學報第 41 期民國 104 年 10 月第 131-152 頁 Yu Da Academic Journal Vol.41, October 2015, pp. 131-152. 中國大陸公務員職位聘任制之探討張佩琳摘要中國大陸的人事制度從源自蘇聯黨政軍的幹部制

育達科大學報第 41 期民國 104 年 10 月第 131-152 頁 Yu Da Academic Journal Vol.41, October 2015, pp. 131-152. 中國大陸公務員職位聘任制之探討張佩琳摘要中國大陸的人事制度從源自蘇聯黨政軍的幹部制中國大陸公務員職位聘任制之探討張佩琳 An Assessment of the Employment System of Civil Servants in Mainland China Chang, Pei-Lin 抽印本育達科大學報, 第 41 期 131~152 頁抽印本中華民國 104 年 10 月 Reprinted from