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1 CHINA CIVIL ENGINEERING JOURNAL Vol. 45 Mar. No Mayor 42 TMD TU A X The function and economic effectiveness of fluid viscous dampers for reduction of seismic and wind vibrations of high-rise buildings Chen Yongqi Cao Tiezhu Ma Liangzhe Beijing Qitai Shock Control and Scientific Development Co. Ltd. Beijing China Abstract Fluid Viscous Dampers FVD as the best high-rise structural vibration protection system plays an important role in the rapid expansion of high-rise buildings. Seven buildings with FVD including the Mexico Torre Mayor and the Boston 111 Huntington building which are two successful examples the Silvetie Center and the Pangu Plaza and two tall buildings in Beijing are reviewed and compared with regard to installation damper function and economy for reducing vibrations caused by seismic and wind loads. Keywords FVD super inter-storey brace toggle configuration damper outrigger TMD system Qitai@ bluelakeint. com TMD 6 Torre Mayor 3 Saint Francis TMD Torre Mayor Mayor m

Beijing Qitai Shock Control and Scientific Development Co. Ltd.

2 % 12% 8. 5% 2003 Mayor Fig. 1 1 Torre Mayor Mexico Torre Mayor Building 3 Saint Francis Mayor 3 Fig. 3 Philippines Shangri-la Tower damped outrigger Huntington t 4 Millennium Fig. 2 2 Mexico inter-storey damper brace 4 2 Saint Francis 210m Huntington 8 Fig. 4 Boston 111 Huntington Tower and damper layout

3 Philippines Shangri-la Tower damped outrigger 2 7 3 111 Huntington 38 60 130t 4

3 Toggle m Fig. 7 7 Beijing Pangu Plaza and damper layout Fig. 5 5 Toggle damper configuration m TMD TMD 257m t TMD 8 Fig Beijing Silvertie Center and damper layout Fig. 8 TMD Chicago Hyatt Park Hotel and TMD system Peer m 7 Peer John Martin TMD Huntington 2 3 Torre Mayor

6 6 8 Beijing Silvertie Center and damper layout Fig.

4 ξ a = W c / 4πW s 1 W s = 1 /2 F i u i 2 9 Peer W c = 2π 2 /T 1 C i cos 2 θ i Δu 2 i 3 Fig. 9 Analysis model of Peer Building ξ a W c 2 W s F i i u i i T 1 C i i θ i i Δu i i Mayor 1 NEHRP Mayor 3 δ- 10 Mayor 42 6

5 Table 1 1 Shock reduction with the damping ratio % % δ- Mayor Fig. 10 Structural response result on dynamic δ-excitation 2 x Table 2 The damper application and effect on T d δ ζ high rise building T d = t k /k 4 δ = y k ln X i /X i +k ζ = δ / 槡 4π 2 + δ 2 δ /2π 6 t k k X i X i +k k ~ 5s % 6 1 Mayor 8. 5% 12% 7. 5% 1. 89% ~ 4. 58% 1. 0% ~ 5. 0% 2. 21% ~ 2. 36% 42 peer TMD 5% 10% ~ 5s 108 Fig. 11 Acceleration response spectrum with damping ratio

10 Structural response result on dynamic δ-excitation 2 x Table 2 The damper application and effect on T d δ ζ high rise building T d = t k

6 % 3 Table 3 Damper price and economics for high rise buildings Mayor TMD 2 10% ~ 40% Mayor ~ t 18000t 5 10% ~ 40% 1. 5m 20% 55m kN ± 52mm kN ± 52mm $ kN ± 220mm $ kN ± 100mm $ 70 Toggle kN ± 100mm 384 6FEVD 1000kN ± 100mm kN ± 100mm kN ± 150mm 6 $ ~ 700 TMD $ 55 1 $ 2 / 3

5m 20% 55m 24 5600kN ± 52mm 72 2770kN ± 52mm $ 400 16 2600kN ± 220mm $ 400 111 60 1300kN ± 100mm $ 70

7 Table 4 Comparisons with the damper and the traditional plan for Pangu building TMD TMD /t TMD TMD AMD TMD TMD 7 4 AMD TMD TMD MTMD 40% ~ 50% 42 Peer 1 TMD TMD 1 Peer TMD 4. 1s 5. 54s 2 10% TMD BD2. 5 TMD MTMD 2. 5% 10% 4 TMD TMD TMD TMD 2BDNSWD10 3 TMD 12

1 TMD TMD AMD TMD TMD 7 4 AMD 111 101 4.

8 Fig. 12 Building story-drift at service level under seismic actions TMD TMD Mayor ~ 25 Fig. 13 Building story-shear at service level under seismic actions 4. 3 UBB BRB 16 Toggle PBSD J PEER 28 Ma Liangzhe Chen Yongqi Zhao Guangpeng. Passive 17 dissipation design with liquid viscous damper for Silvertie Centre Building J. Building Structure in Chinese 2.

13 Building story-shear at service level under seismic actions 4. 3 UBB BRB 16 Toggle 1. 4. 4 PBSD J.

9 J Chen Yongqi Cao Tiezhu. Vibration reduction of fluid viscous dampers on Beijing high-rise building in Pangu plaza J. Steel Construction in Chinese 11 JGJ S JGJ Technical specification for steel structure of tall buildings S. Beijing China Architecture & Building Press 1998 in 3. Torre Mayor Chinese J Chen Yongqi Gaozheng Boyang. Seismic damper for the Torre Mayor high rise building at Mexico City J. Steel 12 Chen Yongqi Cao Tiezhu Ma Liangzhe et al. Seismic protection system and its economic analysis on the Beijing high-rise building Pangu Plaza C / / Proceedings of the Construction in Chinese 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. 4 Infanti S Robinson J Smith R. Viscous dampers for highrise Beijing 2008 buildings C / /Proceedings of the 14th World 13 Chen Yongqi Cao Tiezhu Ma Liangzhe et al. Structural Conference on Earthquake Engineering. Beijing Klembczyk A. Structural control of high rise building using a tuned mass with integral hermetically sealed frictionless vibration passive control and economic analysis of a highrise building in Beijing J. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration hydraulic damper R /OL. Canada Rowan Williams 14. Davies & Irwin Inc.. http / /www. taylordevices. com /Tech- J Ma Paper-archives / literature-pdf /62-StucturalControl. pdf Liangzhe Chen Yongqi. Introduce and application of 6 Hart G C Ekwueme C G Brandow G et al. High performance /smart and living buildings the benefits of using viscous dampers on a high-rise building Part I J. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings Huang H C. Efficiency of the motion amplification device with viscous dampers and its application in high-rise buildings J. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Mcnamara R J Taylor D P. Fluid viscous dampers for high-rise buildings J. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings FEMA 368 NEHR Precommended provisions for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures Part 1 Provisions S. Washington DC Building Seismic Safety Council GB S GB Code for seismic design of buildings S. Beijing China Architecture & Building Press 2001 in Chinese frictionless hermetic damper J. Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting in Chinese 15. J Cao Tiezhu Chen Yongqi. Economic analysis of high-rise building with fluid viscous dampers J. Steel Construction in Chinese 16. J Ding Kun Zhou Yun Deng Xuesong. Seismic response analysis of super high-rise structure with strengthened story and viscous seismic energy dissipation story J. Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting in Chinese 17 Bozorgnia Y Malley J O Crouse C B et al. Guidelines for performance-based seismic design of tall buildings R. Berkeley Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center

Torre Mayor Chinese J. 2011 26 1 50-54 Chen Yongqi Gaozheng Boyang. Seismic damper for the Torre Mayor high rise building at Mexico City J. Steel 12 Chen Yongqi Cao Tiezhu Ma Liangzhe et al.

43 11. 25 1 2 3 31 Torre Mayor Y 4 5 4 42 3 3. 1 A09 A 1 12 110. 4 m 2 1 28. 7 m 2 50 388m 94 5 50-7 0. 15g γ - 0 1. 0 8 3. 2 6 6

43 11. 25 1 2 3 31 Torre Mayor Y 4 5 4 42 3 3. 1 A09 A 1 12 110. 4 m 2 1 28. 7 m 2 50 388m 94 5 50-7 0. 15g γ - 0 1. 0 8 3. 2 6 6 43 11 2013 6 Building Structure Vol. 43 No. 11 Jun. 2013 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 100022 2 100037 A09 TU973. 3 + 1 TU973. 3 + 2 A 1002-848X 2013 11-0024-06 Application analysis of energy dissipation and wind vibration