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1 Supplementary materials Table S1 Sampling information of coccid samples used for molecular work, and GenBank accession numbers for the COI and 28S sequences. (Collectors names are abbreviated as follows: FY = Fang Yu, FPZ = Fang-Ping Zhang, GHH = Guo-Hua Huang, HBL = Hai-Bin Li, HLL = Hong-Liang Li, HL = Hu Li, HW = Hui Wang, JQW = Jian-Qin Wu, JD = Jun Deng, JPC = Ju-Pu Chang, KJW = Kai-Ju Wei, LLZ = Lin-Lin Zheng, NN = Nan Nan, PZ = Ping Zhang, QS = Qiang Shen, QSZ = Qing-Song Zhou, QTW = Qing-Tao Wu, SAW = San-An Wu, SBH = Shao-Bin Huang, XL = Xian Li, XHD = Xiao-Hua Dai, XNX = Xi-Na Xia, XLH = Xin-Lei Huang, XHY = Xiu-Hao Yang, XLT = Xiu-Li Tang, XWL = Xiu-Wei Liu, XZ = Xu Zhang, XBW = Xu-Bo Wang, XMY = Xue-Mei Yang, XYZ = Xu-Yang Zou, YZZ = Yan-Zou Zhang, YW = Ying Wang, YJZ = Ying-Jie Zhang, YQX = Yu-Qiang Xi) Code Specific Name COI 28S Host Locality Collector Date S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Ilex purpurea Wuxi, Jiangsu YZZ 11.iii.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Ilex purpurea Wuxi, Jiangsu YZZ 11.iii.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ unknown Chengdu, Sichuan XL 04.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Laurus nobilis Shanghai HLL 9.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Zizyphus jujuba Zhengzhou, Henan YQX 2.x.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Diospyros kaki Shouguang, Shandong YZZ 9.x.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Platanus orientalis Weifang, Shandong YZZ 8.x.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Buxus megistophylla Wuhan, Hubei NN 21.x.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Ilex cornuta Jiujiang, Jiangxi NN 19.x.2011 S a Ceroplastes japonicus Green JQ JQ Buxus sinica Xiangyang, Hubei SAW 15.xiii.2011 S a Ceroplastes kunmingensis Tang et Xie JQ JQ Caulis mucunae Kunming, Yunnan HBL 26.ix.2011

2 S b Ceroplastes kunmingensis Tang et Xie JQ JQ Caulis mucunae Kunming, Yunnan HBL 26.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes kunmingensis Tang et Xie JQ JQ Pinus massoniana Chongzuo, Guangxi XHY 22.ix.2011 S b Ceroplastes kunmingensis Tang et Xie JQ JQ Pinus massoniana Chongzuo, Guangxi XHY 22.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Cinnamomum burmannii Jieyang, Guangxi SBH 09.ix.2011 S b Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Cinnamomum burmannii Jieyang, Guangxi SBH 09.ix.2011 S c Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Cinnamomum burmannii Jieyang, Guangxi SBH 09.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Cinnamomum pedunculatum Youxi, Fujian KJW 26.ix.2011 S b Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Cinnamomum pedunculatum Youxi, Fujian KJW 26.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Cinnamomum pedunculatum Yong-an, Fujian JQW 26.ix.2011 S b Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Cinnamomum pedunculatum Yong-an, Fujian JQW 26.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Eriobotrya japonica Sanming, Fujian JD 21.iv.2011 S b Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Eriobotrya japonica Sanming, Fujian JD 21.iv.2011 S c Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock JQ JQ Eriobotrya japonica Sanming, Fujian JD 21.iv.2011 S a1 Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) JQ JQ Camellia sinensis Wuxi, Jiangsu YZZ 11.iii.2011 S a Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) JQ JQ Diospyros kaki Yongji, Shanxi SAW 13.i.2011 S a Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) JQ JQ Pelargonium hortorum Kunming, Yunnan YJZ 17.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) JQ JQ Cedrus sp. Kunming, Yunnan HBL 26.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) JQ JQ Euonymus japonicus cv.aureo-ma Shanghai HLL 9.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) JQ JQ Ilex cornuta Xiangyang, Hubei SAW 15.xiii.2011 S a Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) JQ JQ Euonymus japonicus cv.aureo-ma Chizhou, Anhui NN 13.x.2011 S a Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) JQ JQ unknown Guiyang, Guizhou HL 04.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus Green JQ JQ Buxus megistophylla Kunming, Yunnan YJZ 17.ix.2011 S b Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus Green JQ JQ Buxus megistophylla Kunming, Yunnan YJZ 17.ix.2011 S c Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus Green JQ JQ Buxus megistophylla Kunming, Yunnan YJZ 17.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus Green JQ JQ Michelia figo Kunming, Yunnan HBL 26.ix.2011 S b Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus Green JQ JQ Michelia figo Kunming, Yunnan HBL 26.ix.2011 S c Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus Green JQ JQ Michelia figo Kunming, Yunnan HBL 26.ix.2011

3 WHa Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Cedrus sp. Wuhu, Anhui YZZ 10.vi.2010 S a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Ilex cornuta Hefei, Anhui YZZ 23.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Cedrus sp. Shanghai HLL 17.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Cinnamomum camphora Yuyao, Zhejiang QS 29.xii.2010 S a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Cinnamomum camphora Changsha, Hunan GHH 27.ix.2011 S a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Ilex cornuta Chizhou, Anhui NN 12.x.2011 S a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Ilex cornuta Jiujiang, Jiangxi NN 19.x.2011 S a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Ilex cornuta Xiangyang, Hubei SAW 15.xiii.2011 S a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Ilex cornuta Kunming, Yunnan HBL 26.ix.2011 C0002a Ceroplastes rubens Maskell JQ JQ Ilex cornuta Kunming, Yunnan HBL 26.ix.2011 S2-052 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP Ficus microcarpa Maoming, Guangdong JD,YW,HBL 18.iv.2012 S2-085 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP Ficus virens Panzhihua, Sichuan JD,YW,HBL 29.iv.2012 S3-114 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP unknown Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 25.iv.2013 S3-654 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-658 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP Trachycarpus fortunei Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-689 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP Chrysalidocarpus lutescens Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 21.x.2013 S3-739 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP Bischofia javanica Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-740 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP Alstonia scholaris Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-745 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP KP Alstonia scholaris Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-830 Ceroplastes rusci (Linnaeus) KP Trachycarpus fortunei Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 25.x.2013 S3-680a Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood) KP KP Schefflera octophylla Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 21.x.2013 S3-680b Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood) KP KP Schefflera octophylla Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 21.x.2013 S3-680c Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood) KP KP Schefflera octophylla Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 21.x.2013 S3-708a Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood) KP KP Mangifera indica Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 22.x.2013 S3-708b Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood) KP KP Mangifera indica Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 22.x.2013 S2-049 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP unknown Maoming, Guangdong JD,YW,HBL 18.iv.2012 S2-084 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP Ficus virens Panzhihua, Sichuan JD,YW,HBL 29.iv.2012

4 S2-086 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP Mangifera indica Panzhihua, Sichuan JD,YW,HBL 29.iv.2012 S2-194 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP Nerium indicum Xi'an, Shaanxi HBL 29.ix.2012 S2-198 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP Ficus microcarpa Jilin, Jilin YZZ 25.ix.2012 S3-235 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP Nerium indicum Wenshan, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 15.iv.2013 S3-525 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP Ficus microcarpa Baise, Guangxi JD, XZ, XBW 19.iv.2013 S3-652 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP Lucuma nervosa Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-749 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP Cinnamomum burmanni Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-756 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP KP Erythrina crista-galli Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-859 Saissetia miranda (Cockerell et Parrott) KP Fatsia japonica Kunming,Yunnan YZZ,QSZ 28.x.2013 S3-694 Saissetia oleae (Olivier) KP KP Capparis masaikai Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 21.x.2013 S3-697 Saissetia oleae (Olivier) KP KP Duranta repens Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 22.x.2013 S3-747 Saissetia oleae (Olivier) KP KP Alstonia scholaris Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-761 Saissetia oleae (Olivier) KP KP Alstonia scholaris Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-767_2 Saissetia oleae (Olivier) KP KP unknown Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-791 Saissetia oleae (Olivier) KP KP Citrus maxima Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-719 Saissetia coffeae (Walker) KP KP Hamelia patens Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-726 Saissetia coffeae (Walker) KP KP Hamelia patens Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-797 Saissetia coffeae (Walker) KP KP Duranta repens Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 24.x.2013 S3-828 Saissetia coffeae (Walker) KP KP unknown Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 25.x.2013 S3-832 Saissetia coffeae (Walker) KP KP Ixora chinensis Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 25.x.2013 S3-656a Prococcus acutissimus (Green) KP KP Trachycarpus fortunei Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-656b Prococcus acutissimus (Green) KP KP Trachycarpus fortunei Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-656c Prococcus acutissimus (Green) KP KP Trachycarpus fortunei Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-656d Prococcus acutissimus (Green) KP KP Trachycarpus fortunei Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-743a Coccus longulus (Douglas) KP KP Cassia siamea Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-743b Coccus longulus (Douglas) KP KP Cassia siamea Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-743c Coccus longulus (Douglas) KP KP Cassia siamea Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013

5 S3-743d Coccus longulus (Douglas) KP KP Cassia siamea Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-260 Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) KP KP Schefflera octophylla Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 17.iv.2013 S4-056 Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) KP KP Fatsia japonica Fuzhou, Fujian YZZ, JD 24.iv.2014 S4-072 Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) KP KP Fatsia japonica Fuzhou, Fujian YZZ, JD 24.iv.2014 S4-073 Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) KP KP Fatsia japonica Fuzhou, Fujian YZZ, JD 24.iv.2014 S3-655a Eucalymnatus tessellatus (Signoret) KP KP Trachycarpus fortunei Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-655b Eucalymnatus tessellatus (Signoret) KP KP Trachycarpus fortunei Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S4-057a Eucalymnatus tessellatus (Signoret) KP KP Fatsia japonica Fuzhou, Fujian YZZ, JD 24.iv.2014 S4-057b Eucalymnatus tessellatus (Signoret) KP KP Fatsia japonica Fuzhou, Fujian YZZ, JD 24.iv.2014 S3-701 Coccus viridis (Green) KP KP Citrus maxima Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 22.x.2013 S3-728 Coccus viridis (Green) KP KP Plumeria rubra Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-759 Coccus viridis (Green) KP KP Alstonia scholaris Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-776 Coccus viridis (Green) KP KP Alstonia scholaris Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-790 Coccus viridis (Green) KP KP Citrus maxima Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S2-157 Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell KP KP Pittosporum tobira Guilin, Guangxi JD,YW,HBL 20.iv.2012 S2-161 Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell KF KF Pittosporum tobira Guilin, Guangxi JD,YW,HBL 20.iv.2012 S3-347 Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell KP KP Pittosporum tobira Huinan, Shanghai HLL 1.v.2013 S3-348 Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell KP KP Pittosporum tobira Zhengzhou, Henan YZZ 31.iii.2013 S3-549 Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell KP KP Pittosporum tobira Shanghai HLL 9.iv.2013 S3-901 Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell KP KP Pittosporum tobira Shanghai HLL 9.iv.2013 S3-902 Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell KP KP Pittosporum tobira Shanghai HLL 9.iv.2013 S3-210 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Ixora chinensis Wenshan, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 13.iv.2013 S3-210N Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Ixora chinensis Wenshan, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 13.iv.2013 S3-211 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Ixora chinensis Wenshan, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 13.iv.2013 S3-228 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Ficus sp. Wenshan, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 14.iv.2013 S3-258 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Ficus sp. Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 17.iv.2013 S3-278 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Bischofia javanica Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 18.iv.2013

6 S3-752 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Alstonia scholaris Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-766 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Bischofia javanica Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-796 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Duranta repens Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 24.x.2013 S3-818 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP unknown Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 24.x.2013 S3-820 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP unknown Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 25.x.2013 S3-822 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Ixora chinensis Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 25.x.2013 S4-029 Pulvinaria psidii Maskell KP KP Ixora chinensis Jinghong, Yunnan XWL, QTW 5.iv.2014 S Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Prunus ceraifera cv. Pissardii Hefei, Anhui YZZ 23.iv.2011 S Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Ulmus pumila Beijing YZZ 28.iv.2011 S Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Sophora japonica Weifang, Shandong YZZ 8.v.2011 S Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Fraxinus chinensis Shaoguan, Guangdong YZZ 9.v.2011 S a Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Sophora japonica Beijing YZZ 15.v.2011 S b Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Sophora japonica Beijing YZZ 15.v.2011 S2-104 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Ulmus pumila Beijing JD,HBL 7.v.2012 S2-118 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP Ulmus pumila Hohhot, Inner Mongolia HBL 30.v.2012 S2-119 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Robinia pseudoacacia Hohhot, Inner Mongolia HBL 30.v.2012 S2-124 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Sophora japonica Baoding, Hebei YZZ 26.v.2012 S2-126 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP Fraxinus chinensis Zhaoxian, Hebei YZZ 26.v.2012 S2-127 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP Fraxinus chinensis Beijing HW 26.v.2012 S2-128 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP Sophora japonica Baoding, Hebei YZZ 26.v.2012 S2-135 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Ulmus pumila Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-144 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Ulmus pumila Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-145 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Crataegus pinnatifida Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-162 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP Cerasus tomentosa Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S3-029 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Fraxinus chinensis Beijing YZZ 6.v.2013 S3-147 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Diospyros kaki Puyang, Henan JPC 7.v.2013 S3-463 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Rosa davurica Xining, Qinghai XZ,XBW,HBL 27.v.2013

7 S3-498 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Rosaceae Beijing YW,LLZ,XBW 11.v.2013 S3-499 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Rosa davurica Beijing YW 15.v.2013 S3-551 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Acer saccharum Harbin, Heilongjiang YW 21.vi.2013 S3-588 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Artemisia carvifolia Gongzhuling, Jilin SAW,XBW 8.viii.2013 S3-595 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Humulus scandens Gongzhuling, Jilin SAW,XBW 9.viii.2013 S4-088 Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) KP KP Fraxinus chinensis Urumchi, Sinkiang XLT 19.v.2014 S4-079a Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius) KP KP Ulmus pumila Zhumadian, Henan XYZ 1.v.2014 S4-079b Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius) KP KP Ulmus pumila Zhumadian, Henan XYZ 1.v.2014 S4-079c Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius) KP KP Ulmus pumila Zhumadian, Henan XYZ 1.v.2014 S3-640a Eucalymnatus sp. KP KP Michelia yunnanensis Kunming,Yunnan XBW 19.x.2013 S3-640b Eucalymnatus sp. KP KP Michelia yunnanensis Kunming,Yunnan XBW 19.x.2013 S3-640c Eucalymnatus sp. KP KP Michelia yunnanensis Kunming,Yunnan XBW 19.x.2013 S3-640d Eucalymnatus sp. KP KP Michelia yunnanensis Kunming,Yunnan XBW 19.x.2013 S3-640f Eucalymnatus sp. KP KP Michelia yunnanensis Kunming,Yunnan XBW 19.x.2013 S3-742 Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus KP KP Cassia siamea Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-768 Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus KP KP unknown Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-893 Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus KP Fatsia japonica Chengdu, Sichuan XBW 18.xi.2013 S3-905 Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus KP KP Bischofia polycarpa Ganzhou, Jiangxi XHD 2.xi.2013 S4-058 Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus KP KP Fatsia japonica Fuzhou, Fujian YZZ, JD 24.iv.2014 S4-070 Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus KP KP Pachira macrocarpa Fuzhou, Fujian YZZ, JD 24.iv.2014 S4-071 Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus KP KP Pachira macrocarpa Fuzhou, Fujian YZZ, JD 24.iv.2014 S3-664 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP KP Strelitzia reginae Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 20.x.2013 S3-767_1 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP KP unknown Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-769 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP KP unknown Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S2-240a Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KF KF Quercus palustris Danzhou, Hainan 6.xii.2012 S2-240b Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KF KF Quercus palustris Danzhou, Hainan 6.xii.2012 S3-157N Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP KP unknown Danzhou, Hainan 6.xii.2012

8 S3-121 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP Ficus religiosa Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 23.iv.2013 S3-250 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP KP Ficus microcarpa Wenshan, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 15.iv.2013 S3-343 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP KP Ficus microcarpa Youxi, Fujian JD, XZ, XBW 21.iv.2013 S3-763 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP KP Ficus virens Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-819 Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) KP KP unknown Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 25.x.2013 S3-009 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Hibiscus syriacus Sanya, Hainan YZZ 30.i.2013 S3-124 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013 S3-140 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013 S3-519 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Wanning, Hainan FPZ 2.v.2013 S3-520 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Wanning, Hainan FPZ 2.v.2013 S3-521 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Wanning, Hainan FPZ 2.v.2013 S3-522 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Wanning, Hainan FPZ 2.v.2013 S3-750 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Sauropus androgynus Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-778 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Verbenaceae Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-801 Parasaissetia sp. KP KP Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Jinghong, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 24.x.2013 S3-789a Pulvinaria neocellulosa Takahashi KP KP Ficus sp. Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-789b Pulvinaria neocellulosa Takahashi KP KP Ficus sp. Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-789c Pulvinaria neocellulosa Takahashi KP KP Ficus sp. Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-789d Pulvinaria neocellulosa Takahashi KP KP Ficus sp. Menglun, Yunnan JD,XBW,FY,QSZ 23.x.2013 S3-449 Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus) KP KP Salix matsudana Xining, Qinghai XZ,XBW,HBL 27.v.2013 S3-464 Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus) KP KP Populus sp. Xining, Qinghai XZ,XBW,HBL 27.v.2013 S2-131 Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus) KP KP Ilex cornuta Beijing JD 5.vi.2012 S3-596 Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus) KP KP Celtis bungeana Gongzhuling, Jilin SAW,XBW 9.viii.2013 S3-606 Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus) KP KP Betula platyphylla Gongzhuling, Jilin SAW,XBW 9.viii.2013 S3-103a Macropulvinaria maxima (Green) KP KP Artocarpus heterophyllus Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 23.iv.2013 S3-103b Macropulvinaria maxima (Green) KP KP Artocarpus heterophyllus Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 23.iv.2013 S3-128a Macropulvinaria maxima (Green) KP KP Artocarpus heterophyllus Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013

9 S3-128b Macropulvinaria maxima (Green) KP KP Artocarpus heterophyllus Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013 S3-132a Macropulvinaria maxima (Green) KP KP Ficus microcarpa Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013 S3-132b Macropulvinaria maxima (Green) KP KP Ficus microcarpa Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013 S1-031 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Hefei, Anhui YZZ 23.iv.2011 S1-083 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Weifang, Shandong YZZ 8.v.2011 S1-089 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Diospyros kaki Weifang, Shandong YZZ 8.v.2011 S1-094 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Amygdalus persica Weifang, Shandong YZZ 8.v.2011 S1-107 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 31.v.2011 S1-112 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP Armeniaca vulgaris Changchun, Jilin YW 9.vi.2011 S2-001 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Amygdalus persica Beijing YZZ 15.iv.2012 S2-002 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Amygdalus persica Beijing YZZ 15.iv.2012 S2-005 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 25.iv.2012 S2-006a Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 25.iv.2012 S2-006b Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 25.iv.2012 S2-129 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP Armeniaca vulgaris Baoding, Hebei YZZ 26.v.2012 S3-594 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Gongzhuling, Jilin SAW,XBW 9.viii.2013 S3-910 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP Prunus ceraifera cv. Pissardii Xining, Qinghai XZ,XBW,HBL 26.v.2013 S3-912 Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius KP Prunus ceraifera cv. Pissardii Xining, Qinghai XZ,XBW,HBL 26.v.2013 S a Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP Sophora japonica Beijing YZZ 28.iv.2011 S b Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP Sophora japonica Beijing YZZ 28.iv.2011 S Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Crataegus pinnatifida Cangshan, Shandong XHY 30.iv.2011 S Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Prunus ceraifera cv. Pissardii Weifang, Shandong YZZ 8.v.2011 S Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Malus domestica Weifang, Shandong YZZ 8.v.2011 S Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP Malus domestica Xianyang, Shaanxi FY 9.v.2011 S Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 31.v.2011 S Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP Amygdalus persica Changchun, Jilin YW 9.vi.2011 S2-007 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 25.iv.2012

10 S2-008 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 25.iv.2012 S2-009 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 25.iv.2012 S2-010 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Beijing YZZ 25.iv.2012 S2-111 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP Prunus ceraifera cv. Pissardii Zhengzhou, Henan YQX 17.v.2012 S2-130 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP Sophora japonica Baoding, Hebei YZZ 26.v.2012 S2-133 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Ulmus pumila Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-139A Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Cerasus tomentosa Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-139B Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Cerasus tomentosa Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-139C Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Cerasus tomentosa Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-139D Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Cerasus tomentosa Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-139E Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Cerasus tomentosa Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-140 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-152 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Rosa multiflora Beijing XZ,FY 18.v.2012 S2-153 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Rosa multiflora Beijing XZ,FY 18.v.2012 S2-200a Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP unknown Taiyuan, Shanxi 29.vi.2012 S2-200b Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP unknown Taiyuan, Shanxi 29.vi.2012 S3-486 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Xining, Qinghai XBW, HBL, XZ 26.v.2013 S3-487 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Xining, Qinghai XBW, HBL, XZ 26.v.2013 S3-488 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Xining, Qinghai XBW, HBL, XZ 26.v.2013 S3-503 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP KP Armeniaca vulgaris Xining, Qinghai XBW, HBL, XZ 26.v.2013 S4-010 Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius KP unknown Hefei, Anhui QSZ 19.ii.2014 S4-074 Rhodococcus sariuoni KP KP Pyrus sinkiangensis Korla, Xinjiang PZ 1.v.2014 S4-066 Eulecanium sp. KP KP Zizyphus jujuba Korla, Xinjiang PZ 2.v.2014 S4-086a Eulecanium sp. KP KP Ulmus pumila Korla, Xinjiang PZ 25.iv.2014 S4-086b Eulecanium sp. KP KP Ulmus pumila Korla, Xinjiang PZ 25.iv.2014 S4-090a Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) (egg) KP KP Cerasus pseudocerasus Shanghai XNX 20.v.2014 S4-091a Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP KP Cerasus pseudocerasus Shanghai XNX 20.v.2014

11 S1-075a Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP Zizyphus jujuba Zhengzhou, Henan YQX 2.v.2011 S1-075b Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP Zizyphus jujuba Zhengzhou, Henan YQX 2.v.2011 S2-112a Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP Zizyphus jujuba Zhengzhou, Henan YQX 17.v.2012 S2-112b Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP Zizyphus jujuba Zhengzhou, Henan YQX 17.v.2012 S3 04a Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP KP Acer buergerianum Shanghai XNX 16.v.2013 S3 05a Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP KP Acer buergerianum Shanghai XNX 16.v.2013 S3 06a Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP KP Magnolia soulangeana Shanghai XNX 10.v.2013 S3 09a Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP KP Magnolia soulangeana Shanghai XNX 10.v.2013 S3 09b Eulecanium cerasorum (Cockerell) KP KP Magnolia soulangeana Shanghai XNX 10.v a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Hefei, Anhui YZZ 23.iv a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Weifang, Shandong YZZ 8.v a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Carya cathayensis Beijing YZZ 15.v a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Harbin, Heilongjiang YW 13.vi.2011 S2 014a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Beijing YZZ 27.iv.2012 S2 015a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Beijing YZZ 27.iv.2012 S2 016a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Beijing YZZ 27.iv.2012 S2 017a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Beijing YZZ 29.iv.2012 S2 018a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Beijing YZZ 29.iv.2012 S2 110a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP ziziphus jujuba Zhengzhou, Henan YQX 17.v.2012 S2 119a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Hohhot, Inner Mongolia HBL 30.v.2012 S2 123a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Hohhot, Inner Mongolia HBL 30.v.2012 S2 125a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Baoding, Hebei YZZ 26.v.2012 S2 134a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2 141a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Hohhot, Inner Mongolia HBL 30.v.2012 S2 163a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Changchun, Jilin WY 9.vi.2012 S2 187a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Weinan, Shaanxi HBL 5.X.2012 S2 190a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Xi'an, Shaanxi HBL 29.ix.2012

12 S2 191a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Taiyuan, Shanxi HBL 28.ix.2012 S2 195a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Dalian, Liaoning YZZ 29.v.2010 S2 195c Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Dalian, Liaoning YZZ 29.v.2010 S3 360a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Baotou, Inner Mongolia HBL 21.v.2013 S3 361a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Baotou, Inner Mongolia HBL 21.v.2013 S3 362a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Populus sp. Baotou, Inner Mongolia HBL 21.v.2013 S3 384a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Zhongwei, Ningxia HBL 23.v.2013 S3 390a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Juglans regia Zhongwei, Ningxia HBL 23.v.2013 S3 394a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Lanzhou, Gansu HBL 24.v.2013 S3 420a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Populus sp. Xining, Qinghai HBL 26.v.2013 S3 427a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Prunus cerasifera Xining, Qinghai HBL 26.v.2013 S3 433a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Sophora japonica Xining, Qinghai HBL 26.v.2013 S3 436a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Xining, Qinghai HBL 26.v.2013 S3 443a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Xining, Qinghai HBL 26.v.2013 S3 451a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Xining, Qinghai HBL 27.v.2013 S3 458a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Populus sp. Xining, Qinghai HBL 27.v.2013 S3 461a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Salix babylonica Xining, Qinghai HBL 27.v.2013 S3 471a Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda KP KP Ulmus pumila Zhangye, Gansu HBL 28.v.2013 S2-132a Physokermes jezoensis Siraiwa KP KP Picea koraiensis Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-132b Physokermes jezoensis Siraiwa KP KP Picea koraiensis Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-146a Physokermes jezoensis Siraiwa KP KP Picea koraiensis Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S2-146b Physokermes jezoensis Siraiwa KP KP Picea koraiensis Harbin, Heilongjiang XWL 6.vi.2012 S1-035 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP Buxus sinica Linyi, Shandong QSZ 25.iv.2011 S2-003 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Buxus sp. Beijing YZZ 15.iv.2012 S2-004 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Buxus sp. Beijing YZZ 15.iv.2012 S2-088 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Buxus sp. Huaxi, Guizhou JD,YW,HBL 24.iv.2012 S2-092 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Buxus sp. Chengdu, Sichuan JD,YW,HBL 28.iv.2012

13 S3-023 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP unknown Shanghai HLL 1.v.2013 S3-489 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Ligustrum quihoui Cangshan, Shandong XMY 20.v.2013 S3-492 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Ligustrum quihoui Mojiang, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 26.iv.2013 S3-493 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Ligustrum quihoui Mojiang, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 26.iv.2013 S3-494 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Ligustrum quihoui Mojiang, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 26.iv.2013 S3-495 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Ligustrum quihoui Mojiang, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 26.iv.2013 S3-842 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) (larva) KP KP Ligustrum quihoui Kunming,Yunnan YZZ,FY,QSZ,XBW 27.x.2013 S3-852 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) (larva) KP KP Ligustrum quihoui Kunming,Yunnan YZZ,FY,QSZ,XBW 27.x.2013 S3-853 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) (larva) KP KP Ligustrum quihoui Kunming,Yunnan YZZ,FY,QSZ,XBW 27.x.2013 S3-875 Ericerus pela (Chavannes) KP KP Ligustrum sp. Chengdu, Sichuan XBW 15.xi.2013 S2-158a Takahashia japonica (Cockerell) KP Osmanthus fragrans Shitai, Anhui QSZ 1.v.2012 S2-158b Takahashia japonica (Cockerell) KP Osmanthus fragrans Shitai, Anhui QSZ 1.v.2012 S3-582a Takahashia japonica (Cockerell) (larva) KP Sophora japonica Wuhu, Anhui HZY 25.iv.2012 S3-582b Takahashia japonica (Cockerell) (larva) KP Sophora japonica Wuhu, Anhui HZY 25.iv.2012 S4-042a Takahashia japonica (Cockerell) (larva) KP Robinia pseudoacacia Wuhu, Anhui QSZ 25.iv.2012 S4-042b Takahashia japonica (Cockerell) (larva) KP Robinia pseudoacacia Wuhu, Anhui QSZ 25.iv.2012 S3-048a Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Kunming,Yunnan JD,XBW 30.iv.2013 S3-048b Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Kunming,Yunnan JD,XBW 30.iv.2013 S3-049a Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Kunming,Yunnan JD,XBW 30.iv.2013 S3-049b Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Kunming,Yunnan JD,XBW 30.iv.2013 S3-127 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Artocarpus heterophyllus Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013 S3-133 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Cinnamomum camphora Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013 S3-141 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Puer, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 24.iv.2013 S3-256 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 17.iv.2013 S3-257 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus sp. Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 17.iv.2013 S3-269 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Camptotheca acuminata Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 17.iv.2013 S3-271 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Cinnamomum cassia Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 17.iv.2013

14 S3-289 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 18.iv.2013 S3-290 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Mengzi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 18.iv.2013 S3-299 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Yuxi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 20.iv.2013 S3-302 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus sp. Yuxi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 20.iv.2013 S3-303 Dicyphococcus ficicola Borchsenius KP KP Ficus microcarpa Yuxi, Yunnan JD, XZ, XBW 20.iv.2013 S3-345 Nipponaclerda biwakoensis (Kuwana) KP KP Phragmites australis Linyi, Shandong QTW 29.iii.2013 The dash ( ) means the amplification failure.

Do China and Hong Kong constitute an optimum currency area?

Lingnan University Digital Commons @ Lingnan University CAPS Working Paper Series Centre for Asian Pacific Studies 亞洲太平洋研究中心 4-2002 Do China and Hong Kong constitute an optimum currency area? Yue MA Shu