Microsoft Word - 東華大學0519.doc

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1 C.-T. James Huang (1) a {student, physics, long hair} a : a student of physics with long hair b : a long-haired physics student c : a physics student with long hair d : a long-haired student of physics e : a physics long-haired student f : a student with long-hair of physics (2) () {} a : * b : c : * d : * e : * f : * (3) a. a French teacher b. a Chinese teacher (4) a. a French English teacher b. an English Chinese teacher

2 3 1: a physics long-haired student f. 1 3 2: a student with long-hair of physics (2) () {} a. 1 2 3: * b. 3 2 1: c. 2 1 3: * d.

2 (5) a. b. * c. d. * (6) = { + } a. à () à () b. () c. d. (7) () a. à () b. à à à c. d. à à ( à e. customize f. 15 (8) a. à b. à à à (9) a. b.

3 (10) 67 (11) a. à b. John saw Bill à Bill was seen by John XX XX A:... [(12)-(18)] (12)?, 80%. ( ) (13), ( ) (14) RFI ) (15) 67% 67% ( ) (16) ( , ) (17) ( ) (18)! (,, ) B:... (19) (20) (19)

( 2011-12-23) (13), ( 2011-06-06) (14) RFI 2010-12-14) (15) 67% 67%

4 (20) XX C: [(21)] XX XX (21) (22) a. e-tag () b. c. d. XX XX XX XX

5 (elementary semantics) CAUSE DO (a) (causative) (b) (executive) (23) a. (24) a. = Q (etc.) (25) *s1- = (26) a. () to lose OC *brads > MC *bwai > MnC /pai/ b. () to defeat : OC *s-brads > *s-prds > *prads > MC *pwai >MnC /pai/ (27) à à *s1- à - > (28) VP1 V CAUSE VP2 DP V *s V 0....

6 CAUSE *s1- - <> = (a silent causative prefix) (29) < ->< ->< ->< -> < ->< -> (30) a. I volunteered John to help them. b. John was volunteered for parachute training by friends. c. We decided to step down the director. d. The chairman was stepped down by us. (31) a. We cause John to volunteer = We volunteer John. b. We LV <CAUSE> John volunteer. à We volunteer John. c. John was volunteered (for parachute training at QXT). d. < ->< ->< ->. (32) a. = Q (33) (34) à à < -> < -> AP (35) < -> < -> AP à

(31) a. We cause John to volunteer = We volunteer John. b. We LV <CAUSE> John volunteer. à We volunteer John. c. John was volunteered (for parachute training at QXT).

7 (36) <> <> AP => (= ) belittle, slight, befriend Belittle him, slight him befriend X X friend friend friend friend XX (37) 67. (38) = <> <> <> <> 67 (39) XX= (Wanner 2009: 136): a. It didn t happen to me, it was happened upon me! (from Helen Fielding, Bridget Jone s Diary). b. Thirty thousand people a whole generation were disappeared in seven years of military rule (from an online article on a human rights website). (40) Vicktor Klemerer ( ) Eine Frau... kommt... ins Konzentrationslager, wo sie gestorben wird. one woman comes... into concentration-camp where she died is A woman comes into the Concentration Camp, where she is died (41) = DO.

Thirty thousand people a whole generation were disappeared in seven years of military rule (from an online article on a human rights website).

8 (42) = (43) () (44) DO = (1989, 2012) *s2- DO (a) (DO) (b) (DO WITH) *s2- () (45) [] (cf. etc.) *s2- *s2-muk à s-huk à huk à hu à hei = à (DO) (46) *s2- = (DO) + <> + <> + <> à <> () <> + <> à <> ( ) à (DO WITH) (47), ;, (48) *s2- = (DO WITH) (49) [*s2-] [DO-with-] (50) [*s2-] = [DO-with-] à

9 (51) <> <> (practice the hidden rule) (52) <> <> (treat someone with the hidden rule) DO = : fish, telephone, text, joke, food > feed (e.g. on bread) (53) to fish = to DO fish, to DO telephone, to DO text, to DO joke. DO WITH/AS = : mother, fool, etc. (54) a. You should not try to mother your husband. b. He is trying to fool me. (55) To hammer the nail, to nail the door, to saddle the horse, to shelve the book, to shoulder the burden, etc. (56) To DO the nail WITH hammer, to DO the door WITH a nail, to DO the horse with a saddle, etc. (57) John got Dick Cheny-ed last week. (58) She got Lewinsky-ed again. XX (59) (They just got Obama-ed again.) (60) (Bill got Jackendoff-ed twice again.) (61) <> XX CAUSE DO () XX

(55) To hammer the nail, to nail the door, to saddle the horse, to shelve the book, to shoulder the burden, etc.

10 (62) ***. (63) ** *. (64) * * * Jackendoff... Note: XX? XX XX (analyticity) (synthesis) XX (65) a. b. c. * (66) a. b. c. * (67) a. b. c. * (synthetic) (68) telephone, fish, text telephone DO (69) = [*s2-] = [*s2-] = [*s2-] = [*s2-] =

11 (70) (71) friend face-time (72) *s2-[ ] à [*s2-] à [] (cf. à) (73) (74) =,, = - à à à (cycle) XX 结产 XX

H&L BeiXX v4 1006

H&L BeiXX v4 1006 新兴非典型被动式被 XX 的句法与语义结构 (The syntax and semantics of the new non-canonical bei ( 被 ) XX construction. The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits