,,,, 3 (,, ),, ( CIP) /. :, ( ) ISBN :. TP303 CIP ( 2004) : : : * : : : 174 ( A ) : : ( 023)

Transcription

1

2 ,,,, 3 (,, ),, ( CIP) /. :, ( ) ISBN :. TP303 CIP ( 2004) : : : * : : : 174 ( A ) : : ( 023) : ( 023) : http: / /www. cqup. com. cn : fxk@ cqup. com. cn( ) * : /16 : : : ISBN /TP 434 : ,

3 ( )

4 ,,,,,,, ( ),,,, ;, ; ;,,,,

5 1.,,, 2.,,, 3, : * ( ) * ( ) * Java Delphi * Visual C + + Visual Basic * * 2 * Java Visual Basic * Delphi Java Visual Basic Delphi Visual C ++ Visual C ++ * * : *,,,, lich@cqup. com. cn 3.,, 4.,, 5. ( ),

6 ,,,,,,,,

7 ,,,,,,,,,, 7 1,, ; 2 ; 3 6, ( CPU ) ; 7, ; 3 ( ), 3,

8 ,,,,,,, 1, 4, 6, 2, 3, 5, 7,,,

9 C P U 4. 1 CPU 53

10 4. 3 CPU CPU CPU CD-ROM DVD / PC BIOS

11 1,, Computer,,, ;,,,,,, 4 : 1 : 1946 ENIAC 20 50,, /s :,,,, 2 : ,, / s :,,,,,, 3 : ,, /s :,,,

12 : ( LSI, VLSI) 20 70,, / s, :,,, ) 2, ( ) ( ) ( ), PC ( Personal Computer), ( ) PC ( ) PC ( 1. 1 ), 1. 1 PC

13 ) :,, 1 s 1,, CPU ( Hz), MHz, 1GHz,,, 200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3 3), : ;,

14 , ;,,,, ),,, ),, 1. 2,,,,,,,

15 . 2 ( CPU) : : ROM, RAM :,,,, :,,, : ( ),, : ( Modem) ( DOS, Windows, Linux ) ,,,, 1. 3 / /,,, ;, / 1. 3,, PC ;

16 DIYer, PC CPU, ( Mainboard), CPU, ( CPU), PC, ( Memory) ( ),, PC PC ( Power Supply Unit) PC PC AT, ATX, PC ATX ( Case), PC

17 1,, PC, :,, CPU / ; / PC,?,? 1. 2,?, Windows? 1. 3 PC, 7

18 2 CPU( ),, ,,, : 5, 2. 1, ( ),,, 2. 1, ( CPU, Central Processing Unit), CPU, ( MPU) CPU, ( )

19 : , 5 ( BUS),, CPU,, CPU / ( I / O), 3 ( 2. 2 ) : I / O ; I / O / ;,, : I / O CPU ; CPU I /O, CPU I /O, CPU, I / O I /O, CPU ( DIB) : MPU I / O ;, MPU DMA, I /O,, 9

20 : CPU CPU, CPU, CPU CPU,,

21 ( 2. 3 ) 2. 3 CPU 1) 11 ( 2. 3 ), N 2 : ( A), ( R), ( DB) ACC( Accumulator) N,, ;, ;, ( R), 2),,,, 2. 3, : ( PC),,

22 , PC 1,,,, ( IR),,, OC,,,,,,,, ( ID) ID,, ( OC), 12 3) CPU CPU,,,,, PC, IR , 1) 2 :,, CPU,, CPU RAM ( Random Access Memory) RAM / RAM,,, RAM

23 ,, ROM( Red Only Memory) ROM RAM, ROM,,, I / O ROM,,, ROM BIOS ROM,,, CPU /, RAM CPU,,, ( 3. 5 in * MB, GB),, 2),, ( 8 ),, : 13 3) / /CPU, /, / CPU, CPU ; CPU CPU ( ) /, CPU,, / * 1 in = cm

24 CPU CPU ( MFC), : CPU CPU CPU ( MFC) / 14 I / O,, ;, I / O, CPU, I / O,, I /O, I / O, I /O, /, ( ),,, I /O, IDE ( ) LPT ( ) COM1 /COM2( ) ( BUS),,,,,,,,,,,, ( AB) ( DB) ( CB), AB CPU, ; DB,, CPU DB, DB ; CB, CPU, CPU CB,

25 ,, 4 I / O : ISA,, ; PCI, ; USB, ; AGP, , 1) 4 :, 2,,, l 2 2,, 3 ( ),, 2, 15 2),, 0 l ( bit), 1, bit, 2, 4,,, l, 0,,,

26 16 : ASCII ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange, ISO, ASCII 7, 2 7 = 128, 128, l28 : 0 9, 26, 1981 GB ,, 6 763, 3 755, ; 3 008, ; 682, GB , 7, = , ASCII,,,, 30H 21 H,, 0! ASCII,,,, 1, = H, 3021H, B0A1H, bit( ),, , 24 bit, , ,, /,,, 3),, 0, 1, : 0 ; 1 : + 10 = , - 10 = ,,

27 3, : X1 = + 8 = B [ X1] = X2 = - 8 = B [ X2] = ( ) ( ) 8, , 0 2 : [ + 0 ] = ; [ - 0] = ;,,, : X1 = + 8 = B [ X1] = X2 = - 8 = B [ X2] = ( ) ( ) 8,, 0 2 : [ + 0 ] = ; [ - 0] = : 0,, ; 1,, ;, 1,, 1 : X1 = + 8 = B [ X1] = X2 = - 8 = B [ X2] = ( ) ( ) 8, , 0 : [ + 0] = [ - 0] = : 0,, ; 1, 1,,, 3 ;, 3,,,,., 2 : :,, 2. 5( b),, 17

28 . 5( a), 2. 5,,, N : N = M 2 E, E M, E, M,,, 4 : 18, 32, : , , : ( ) 10 = ( ) 2 = ( ) 2 6 ( ) = ( ) 2 ( ) = ( ) 2, : ,, 4, ( Binary - Code Decimal), BCD = 16, 16, 10, 0 9, , BCD BCD 8421, BCD, 80X86 BCD

29 BCD :, ;,,,, 1) : = 0; = 1 ; = 1; = ( 1 ) 0 : 0-0 = 0; 1-0 = 1 ; 1-1 = 0; 0-1 = ( 10) 1,,,, : [ X + Y] = [ X] + [ Y], [ X - Y] = [ X + ( - Y) ] = [ X] + [ - Y], 2,, ;, (, 1 ),, X = 10, Y = 34, X + Y X - Y [ X] = [ Y] = , [ - Y] = [ X + Y] = [ X] + [ Y] = [ X - Y] = [ X] + [ - Y] = [ X + Y] = [ ] = ( + 44) 10 [ X - Y] = [ ] = ( - 24) 10,,

30 , : [ 87 ] = [ 50 ] = [ ] = , ( 1 ),, 2 ( s1, s2), 2 : s1, s2 = 00, ,, ( - 80) + ( - 56) [ 55] = [ - 80] = [ 60] = [ - 56] = [ ] = [ ] = = ( 115 ) 1 0 = ( 120) 10 s1s2 = 00,, s1s2 = 10, [ 12] = [ 90] = [ - 50] = [ 40] = [ 12-50] = [ 12] + [ - 50] [ ] = s1s2 = 11,, 2) = = ( - 38 ) 10 = ( - 126) 10 s1 s2 = 01,,,,,,,, BCD 1 4,, 4 BCD, 6( 0110), BCD, : BCD, 9, ( 0110), ; BCD, 9

31 ( 0110),, [ 57 ] BCD = [ 65 ] BCD = ( 9) : ( 122) 10, [ 71 ] BCD = [ 29 ] BCD = ( ) : ( 42) 10 3),,, :,, / 2 : 0 0 = 0; 0 1 = 0; 1 0 = 0 ; 1 1 = 1,,, 2 : 0 0 = 0; 0 1 = 1; 1 0 = 1 ; 1 1 = 1, ;,, 1 0; : 0 0 = 0; 0 1 = 1 ; 1 0 = 1; 1 1 = 0, ;, ,,,,,

32 ) CPU,, 2) 2 :, ;, 22 3),, :,, 4 4,,,,, CPU, / / ( IN /OUT),, I /O,, 4), 4 : 1,

33 CPU 0, 1,,,, ,,,,, ,,,,,, Basic, Pascal, C 3 4,,, 4, 4, VC, Java 4, ,,,,, 3 : : ( PC), ( IR), PC 1, : IR,, :,, 3,,,, 3CH + 2EH,,, 0500H ;,

34 A, 3CH 3CH A ADD A, 2EH 2EH A, A JO 100AH, 5 100AH, 4 MOV ( 0500H), A A 0500H HLT :, (, ) B0H 3CH 04 H 2EH 70 H 0AH 10H( 100AH, 10H 0AH) A2H 00H 05H( ) F4H 1000H, PC 1000H, : H 1001H 1002H 1003H 1004H 1005H 1006H 1007H 1008H 1009H 100AH BOH 3CH 04H 2EH 70H 0AH 10H A2H 00H 05H F4H, : PC 1000H MAR PC 1, MAR, 1000 H CPU, 1000 H BOH, MDR BOH, MDR IR ID, OC 3CH, A PC 1001H MAR, PC 1 MAR, 1001 H

35 1001H 3CH, MDR 3CH, A, 1 MOV A, 3CH,,, 2,,,, 3 : 5,,,, 3 :, 3, ? : X = 60, Y = - 91,,? X + Y ; X - Y ; - X + Y ; - X - Y 2. 4,? 2. 5? RISC?

36 3 Mainboard Motherboard ),,, CPU ( TV SCSI ) ( ) ;, I / O ( Modem),,,, 3. 1, CPU,,, ,,, : CPU ( ) BIOS ( 3. 1 ) : 1) CPU CPU 2 : SLOT ( 3. 1 ) Socket ( 3. 2 )

37 27. 1 Socket ZIF,, :, CPU;, CPU Socket Pentium Socket 7 Super 7,, PentiumPentium 4 Socket 370, Socket 432, Socket 478 Socket A SLOT, CPU CPU, PCI SLOT Intel Pentium CPU SLOT 1, AMD SLOT A 2) 2, RAM( ),, RAM, D( ) RAM S ( ) RAM ROM( ),, BIOS ROM BIOS FLASH ROM, ROM,, 3. 2 Socket

38 ( 3. 4 ) ( 3. 3 ), SIMM 3. 3 DIMM SIMM DIMM 2 : 168 SDRAM( ), DRAM, 168, 84 ; DDR ( Double Data Rate DRAM ), 184, SDRAM,, DRAM,, SDRAM DDR ( ), DIMM,, ; SIMM, 72, 4 SIMM, SIMM,, 45,,, SIMM,,, 184 RIMM, RDRAM 3) Cache SRAM SRAM, SRAM,, CPU, CPU, SRAM,

39 ,, CPU,,, CPU, Cache,, 256 kb 10 % 256 kb 1 MB CPU CPU ( Internal Cache), ( External Cache) CPU CPU, CPU, 4) CPU, CPU, I / O I / O,,, 5 8, ( 3. 5 ) ISA PCI ISA, 16 ISA 8 MHz, ISA ISA, PCI PCI Intel, 32 64,

40 3 MHz, PCI MHz PCI 10,, PCI 5) ATX, IDE IDE ( ) 2 ( COM1, COM2, ) PS/2, USB, ( ), 3. 6 AGP ( ), 3. 7 Intel, AGP, 3D AGP, AGP 1. 0, AGP 2. 0, AGP 3. 0, AGP 1X, AGP 2X, AGP 4X, AGP PRO, AGP 3. 0, AGP 8 X AGP 8X 2. 1 GB/ s AGP SCSI AGP 6) BIOS CMOS BIOS BIOS, BIOS BIOS,,, BIOS,, 3. 8 BIOS ROM BIOS, EPROM,, ROM ( Flash ROM),, BIOS,, BIOS, BIOS CMOS CMOS RAM( CMOS SRAM),

41 . 8 BIOS, ( RTC),,, 5, CMOS,, CMOS,,, CMOS,,,,, (, CMOS,, ) 31 7) 2, PCI, CPU, ( ) CPU ; ( ) / , : AT, Baby AT, Full AT, ATX, Mini ATX, Micro ATX, LPX,

42 32 AT,, IBM PC/ AT ( ), AT, 13 in 12 lin( 1in = 2. 54cm),, 8 I / O, AT,,, AT Baby AT Baby AT in 8. 5in, AT, AT/ ATX,,, 3 /4 Baby AT ( 10. 7in 8. 7in) Intel, ATX( AT external), AT,, I /O, CPU, CPU,,,, ( Soft Shut Down) Modem ( Remote on) ATX ATX ATX Intel 1997 Micro - ATX, PCI ISA,, NLX NLX,,,,,,,,,, NLX,, NLX ATX Baby - AT, Micro - ATX, NLX,,,, 3. 2,,,,,

43 . 2. 1, 1) CPU CPU : CPU ALU, ( Bus), CPU RAM, ROM / 2) : ( ABus) ( DBus) ( CBus) 3) : I / O ( FSB) CPU L2 Cache, CPU ( ),,, CPU I / O, I /O CPU, I / O,, RS - 232C, IE I /O I / O I / O I / O, I / O, I / O,, I / O ISA, EISA, MCA, VESA, PCI, AGP, ISA 286, EISA 386, VESA 486, PCI 586, 3, AGP AGP, PCI PC I /O 3 :

44 ) ISA ISA IBM PC /AT I /O, AT ( AT Bus), 1987 ISA( Industry Standard Architecture ) ISA Intel CPU, 16, 16 24, 16 MB8. 33 MHz, MB/ s ISA 32, 64 CPU, ISA, ISA 2) PCI ,, Windows ( GUI) I / O, I /O 3 5,, 10 MB /s, 69 MB/ s ISA, EISA,, 1991, Intel PCI, IBM, Compaq, AST, HP, DEC 100 PCI PCI( Peripheral Component Interconnect),, PC ( Local Bus) PCI, 3D PCI, Modem PCI : PCI 32, 33 MHz, 132 MB/ s; 64 PCI, 66 MHz, 528 MB/ s; PCI 5 V 3. 3 V 2 ; PCI ( 10 PCI ) ; PCI PnP( Plug and Play), ; PCI CPU, PCI CPU, PCI CPU 3) AGP AGP( Accelerated Graphics Port), PC, 3D, PCI PC 3D,

45 AGP, AGP PC, 3D AGP, AGP, ( ISA PCI ), AGP, PCI 3D 3 D PCI, ( Texture Data) Z Alpha ( ), 3D,,,, 3 D,,,, AGP,, PCI AGP, 3 D PCI, PCI, 3 D AGP PCI,, AGP : ( pipelining) AGP,, 533 MHz AGP 32 AGP 4X MHz, 1. 1 GB/ s; AGP 8X MHz, 2. 1 GB/ s ( DIME) AGP 3D ( ),, DIME( Direct Memory Excute) ( demultiplexing), SBA( Sideband Address) CPU RAM, AGP AGP,, , MB, 32, 64,

46 MHz,,,,,,,,,, ( chipset) CPU,,, CPU,,, AGP, Ultra ATA,, CPU AGP ECC, ; PCI USB( ), Ultra DMA /33 /66 /100 /133 ACPI( ) RTC( ) flash BIOS I /O ( ), Modem , VIA Apollo P4X400, VT8377, Inter Pentium 4 /Celeron, 400 / 533 MHz, AGP 2X /4X /8X, 3 GB DDR200 / DDR266 /DDR333 SDRAM, DDR400; VT8235, 133 MB/ s PCI, 6 AC 97, 10 /100 Ethernet MAC, PHY, ATA 33 /66 /100 /133 6 USB 2. 0 ACPI

47 . 1 Intel CPU Intel BA Pentium 4 / Celeron Intel 845GL Intel 845G Intel 845GE Intel 845GV Intel 845E Intel 845PE Intel 850E 82845GL 82801DB Pentium 4 / Celeron 82845G 82801DB Pentium 4 / Celeron 82845GE 82801DB Pentium 4 / Celeron 82845GV 82801DB Pentium 4 / Celeron 82845E 82801DB Pentium 4 / Celeron 82845PE 82801DB Pentium 4 / Celeron 82850E 82801BA Pentium 4 / Celeron CPU Socket Socket Socket Socket Socket Socket Socket Socket / MB DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR RDRA M IDE AGP USB 2. 0 ATA100 4X ATA100 4X ATA100 4X ATA100 4X ATA100 4X ATA100 4X ATA100 4X ATA100 4X VIA 37 Apollo P4X266 Apollo P4X266A Apollo P4X266E Apollo P4X333 Apollo P4X400 Apollo KT266A Apollo KT333 Apollo KT400 Apollo CLE266 CPU VT8753 VT8233A Pentium 4 / Celeron VT8753A VT8233A Pentium 4 / Celeron VT8753A VT8233A Pentium 4 / Celeron VT8754 VT8754 VT8235 VT8235 Pentium 4 / Celeron Pentium 4 / Celeron VT8366A VT8233A Athlon XP / Duron VT8367 VT8233A VT8377 VT8235 Athlon XP / Duron Athlon XP / Duron CPU Socket Socket Socket Socket Socket Socket Socket Socket VT8623 VT8235 VIA C3 Socket / MB DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR DDR / SDR IDE AGP USB 4. 0 ATA133 4X ATA133 4X ATA133 4X ATA133 8X ATA133 8X ATA133 4X ATA133 4X ATA133 8X ATA133 8X 2. 0

48 38 CPU SiS 645 SiS645 SiS961 Pentium 4 / Celeron SiS 645DX SiS645DX SiS961 Pentium 4 / Celeron SiS 648 SiS648 SiS963 Pentium 4 / Celeron SiS R658 SiSR658 SiS963 Pentium 4 / Celeron SiS 650 SiS650 SiS961 Pentium 4 / Celeron SiS 651 SiS651 SiS962 Pentium 4 / Celeron SiS 740 SiS740 SiS961 SiS 746 SiS746 SiS963 Athlon XP / Duron Athlon XP / Duron. 3 SiS CPU Socket Socket DDR / SDR DDR / SDR / MB IDE AGP USB 3. 0 ATA100 4X ATA100 4X 1. 1 Socket DDR 3. 0 ATA133 8X 2. 0 Socket RDRAM 2. 0 ATA133 8X 2. 0 Socket DDR 3. 0 ATA100 4X 1. 1 Socket DDR / SDR 3. 0 ATA133 4X 2. 0 Socket DDR 1. 5 ATA100 4X 2. 0 Socket DDR / SDR 3. 0 ATA133 8X ,,,, ),,,,,, USB, IEEE 1394,

49 , AGP,, AGP, 2) PC, I / O I /O, , ISA 586,,,, ATX,,,,,, USB IEEE 1394,, / ( 3. 9 ) : 1,,,,, 586,, 3 COM, COM 2,,, 2,,,, USB IEEE COM, Modem

50 USB IEEE USB, 2. 0, 480 MB /s, Modem 4IEEE 1394 IEEE a, 400MB/ s, IEEE 1394 b 1. 6 GB/ s USB,,,, 7, RJ - 45, 8 /,,, 3 2,,,,, 40 3) I / O I /O CPU I / O, I /O, CPU I /O, I / O CPU I /O, I /O, ( ) I / O I /O , 0000H FFFFH I / O I / O,, I /O : 1 ( COM1 ) 3F8h 3 FFh; 2 ( COM2 ) 2F8 h 2FFh; 1 ( LPT1) 378h 37Fh; EGA / VGA 3 C0h 3CFh; Creative Lab 16 ( ) 220h 233h; MPU MIDI 300h 301h; IDE / AT( 16 ) 1F0h 1F7h, IDE 170h 177 h; 3F0h 3F5h IRQ I /O, CPU, ( IRQ) PC IRQ 16 ( IRQ 0 IRQ15), 16, IRQ CPU, CPU IRQ, DMA DMA( Direct Memory Access)

51 DMA,, CPU, CPU DMA CPU PC DMA 8 ( DMA0 7), DMA, DMA, , ;,,, 2 ( ),, 8 1 ;,, RS C Modem 8 1 8, 1 1 ( 8 ),, 41 1) / RS - 232C EIA( Electronic Industries Association) BELL 1969, bit / s RS Recommanded Standard ( ), 232, C RS C ( DTE, Data Terminal Equipment) ( DCE, Data Communication Equipment),,, RS - 232C, PC 2 RS - 232C 1 COM1 / COM3, 9 D, ; 2 COM2 / COM4, 25 D

52 Modem9 25 RS C 50 ( m), F, ;, RS - 232C bit / s, bit / s ;, I / O IRQ COMx I /O IRQ COM1 3F8h 3FFh IRQ4 COM2 2F8h 2FFh IRQ3 COM3 3E8h 3EFh IRQ4* COM4 2E8h 2EFh IRQ3* 42 LPT1, ( printer), 25 D, CMOS Setup, Normal, EPP ECP3 Normal, SPP( Single Parallel Port), 40 kbit / s,, EPP( Enhanced Parallel Port),, 400 kbit / s EPP ECP( Extended Capabilities Port), EPP,, ( DMA),, ECP,, EPP ECP EPP + ECP CMOS Setup PC 2, LPT1 LPT2,, LPT2, LPT1 :, CPU,, ; CPU, 3. 5

53 . 5 LTP1 378H 379H 37AH LTP2 278H 279H 27AH 2) USB( Universal Serial Bus), USB 4,, USB,, PC USB USB, USB Pentium USB BIOS, USB Windows 2000 Windows XPUSB ; Windows 98 Windows 95, USB, USB : USB 12 Mbit /s 100, 10, USB, USB, USB,, USB USB, USB USB 127, 5 m USB + 5 V 0. 5 A, USB, 4 : + 5 V 1( - ) 2 ( + ) GND IEEE 1394, 6, 1. 5 A, 8 40 V IEEE 1394 USB :, ; ;, IEEE 1394 USB Hub 63 IEEE : 12. 5, Mbit / s ( Backplane Mode) ; 100, Mbit /s ( Cable Mode )

54 50% IEEE 1394 USB, USB, IEEE 1394 USB IEEE 1394,, PC ) IDE 44 IDE( Integrated Device Electronics ) PC, PC 2 IDE, 2 IDE, ATA( AT ), AT, 16 ISA IBM AT ATA, ATA : IDE( ATA-1) : ATA - 1 AT, ISA, IDE 2, CD-ROM IDE ; 1 024, 16, 63, 512 B, B/ = 504 MB; 3 MB/ s E-IDE( ATA-2, ATA-3) : ATA - 2 ATA - 3 ATA-1( IDE), PIO ( I / O ) DMA ATA-2 ATA-3 IDE( E-IDE) E-IDE 2, 2 IDE, 2 4 IDE,, ATAPI CD-ROM IDE E-IDE LBA( Logical Block Address ), BIOS 504 MB, 8. 1 GB LBA CHS( ), BIOS DM/ DM, 8 GB 32 GB E-IDE MB/ s; E-IDE PIO,, CPU /, /, DMA( Direct Memory Access), CPU, CPU, ATA-4( ultra-ata /33 ) : ATA , ultra-dma ( ultra-ata), 33 MB/ s, PIO DMA 2 ;, UDMA ATA-4, SCSI-2 IDE

55 ATA-5( ultra-ata /66 ) : ultra-ata /66 ultra-ata /33, ultra-ata /66 66 MB/s,,, CRC,, ATA /66, 40 40,, ATA /100, ATA /133: ATA /100 ATA ATA /66, ATA /66 80, ANSI ATA /100, 100 MB /s ATA /100, ATA /133, T13 ATA-6 ATA /133 ATA /100, ATA /100,, ATA ATA, ATA-1 ATA-6, IDE, 2, ultra-ata ATA, ATA 200 MB/ s, ( Western Digital) Serial ATA ( ATA) ATA, ATA, 1, 4 ATA, ,,, ATA, Serial ATA ATA Serial ATA ATA, ATA, Serial ATA 45 2) SCSI IDE SCSI, IDE, SCSI SCSI( Small Computer System Interface ), 1979,,, PC SCSI PC, ZIP MO JAZ, : SCSI, 15, 1 IRQ,

56 15 SCSI, Linux, Windows NT, SCSI 160 MB/ s, 160 MB/ s(, ) CPU SCSI Live BIOS 46 BIOS, :, BIOS,, BIOS ; DOS, DOS, DOS ; CMOS BIOS, ; DOS,,,, Live BIOS BIOS, Windows,,, Windows BIOS, BIOS Live BIOS Windows 95 / 98 / Me / 2000 XP Voice Doctor Voice Doctor,,, CPU,,, ( ), DIYer,!

57 FOC FOC( ) CPU CPU, CPU, BIOS BIOS CPU,,, CPU, AMD CPU ,,,, AGP PCI PCI Modem PCI IEEE-1394,,,,,, STR, STR, STD STD Suspend to Disk, ( Windows 98 ) ( ),,, STR Suspend to RAM,, STD, ) P4 T533-C, P4T533-C I850E Socket 478 Pentium

58 P4T533-C, 2. 4 GHz P4 T533-C 533 MHz, 4. 2 GB/ s,,, P4T533-C, Realtek CODEC S/ PDIF OUT 6, INTEL PHY P4 T533-C, POST Reporter, Q-Fan, EZ Flash BIOS, P4T533-C, Pentium 4 DIP BIOS P4T533-C, 5 PCI, 4 USB2. 0 USB1. 1 2) 1986,,,,,,,, BIOS LiveBIOS, PC2PC, : KT4 Ultra, 3. 11,,,

59 . 11 KT4 Ultra CPU,, I /O,, 80 % : 1),,, : =,,,,,,, CPU, Intel AMD,,

60 AMD, AMD CPU, Intel Intel CPU,, Intel 2) 50,,,,,,,, PCB, PCB,, PCB,,,,, PCB, PCB,,,,, 3),,,,,,,,,, 4),,,,, 5), CPU,,,,,,,

61 :,,,,,, CPU, PCI,,,,, 3 PCI,,,,,,, 3 51, 4 : : CPU ( ) I / O, 20, : Live BIOS, Voice Doctor, FOC, ATA /133,,

62 3. 1, 3. 2,, 3. 3,? 3. 4? 2

63 4 CPU,, CPU, CPU 4. 1 C P U CPU CPU, 3, 3, CPU , Intel 4004, 1979, ,, 8087, 8088 IBM PC,, CPU 8086, , 8087, X86 CPU, Intel i80286, i80386, i80486, Pentium, Pentium 4,, Intel CPU

64 86 Intel, AMD Cyrix X86 CPU, CPU Intel CPU, CPU Intel CPU Intel X86 CPU X86, X86 CPU CPU 30,,,, CPU ; CPU MHz GHz; CPU CPU 4. 1 CPU ( Intel ) / MHz / / V / m / bit /6. 66 /7. 16 / /20 /25 / / 33 /50, CPU Pentium( ) 60 / 66 /75 /90 /100 /120 /133 / 150 / 166 / Pentium II 233 /266 /300 /333 /350 /400 / Pentium III Pentium /333 /400 /533 / /1. 6 / C P U CPU,, CPU, CPU : 1) CPU CPU,, CPU,, CPU,,

65 , ( 1 ) f, : Hz( ), khz( ), MHz( ), GHz( ) 1 GHz = MHz, 1 MHz = khz, 1 khz = Hz CPU, CPU, CPU,,,, CPU 1GHz, 1. 7, 1. 8, 2. 0, 2. 4 GHz, GHz, CPU,, CPU CPU, PC, PC : = ; = ( CPU Cache ), CPU, CPU CPU Pentium 4 CPU 333, 400, 533, 800 MHz CPU, CPU, PC,, CPU,, 486 DX2 CPU, CPU 3, 4. 5, 5, 6 2) CPU ( ) 16 CPU 16 CPU 32 CPU 32 Pentium 4 CPU 64 3) CPU, CPU,, CPU ( L1 Cache) ( L2 Cache ), CPU, CPU CPU,,, CPU, CPU RAM,, CPU, L1 Cache L1 Cache, CPU, 55

66 , L2 Cache CPU, L1, L2,, L2 Cache, CPU L1 Cache 64 /128 kb, L2 Cache 128 /256 /512 kb,, L2 Cache CPU 4) CPU CPU 5 V, CPU, CPU,, CPU 1. 5 V 5) CPU,, CPU,, CPU 0. 5 m, CPU,, m, m, m m 56 6), CPU, X86, 3D /,, Intel MMX SSE AMD 3D NOW! ( MMX, Multi Media extension) Intel 1996, Pentium Pentium II 57,,,, ( SSE, Streaming SIMD Extensions) Intel Pentium, 70, 3 D 50 SIMD( ) 12 MMX 8 3D SEE 3 D Now!, SSE 3D Now!, SSE MMX, SIMD 3D NOW! ( 3D No Waiting) AMD, K6-2, K6-3 Athlon, 21 MMX, 3D Now!,

67 3D AMD Athlon 3D Now! +, 52, SIMD Intel SSE 7) CPU,, CPU 32, M = 2 32 = MB( 4 GB), PC 1 GB( ) CPU /, 4. 3 C P U CPU, CPU, 57, CPU, CPU CPU, 2 :, CPU CPU, 1 /4 in,, CPU CPU,,,,, CPU ( ),,,,, CPU ( ) CPU CPU, 8086 /8088 DIP ( Dual In-line Package, ), 386 /486 PQFP( Plastic Quad Flat Package, ), PGA( ) SECC( ) PGA Socket,,, 4. 1 ; SECC

68 PCI Slot, 4. 2 CPU, ( SPGA, Staggered Pin- Grid Array), ( PPGA, Plastic Pin-Grid Array), ( FC-PGA, Flip Chip Pin-Grid Array) ( 4. 3 ), SECC2, 1,,,,,, PGA Intel Xeon( ) SECC Pentium

69 . 3 FC-PGA2 Pentium CPU CPU, CPU 2 : 1) Socket PC 386 Socket CPUSocket 4, Socket 5, Socket 7, Socket 8 Socket 370, Socket 462 ( Socket A), Socket 478, 59 :,,, CPU ; CPU Socket,, CPU, Socket CPU, CPU : Socket 7 CPU Intel MHz Pentium /Pentium MMX, AMD k5 / k6-2 / k6-3, Cyrix 6 X86 / X86 MX / MII Socket 8 CPU Intel MHz Pentuim Pro Super 7 AMD, VIA, ALI, SIS, 100 MHz AGP, Socket 7, AMD K6-2, AMD K6-3, Cyrix MII Socket 370 Intel, AMD, CPU, Socket 370 Intel Celeron, Coppermine Pentium Cyrix MIII Socket 423 Pentium 4 Socket 423,, Socket 478 Northwood Pentium 4 Socket 478, Intel CPU, 4. 4

70 . 4 Intel Pentium 4 CPU Socket 478 Socket A Socket A Socket 472, AMD Intel, AMD Duron Athlon XP 2) Slot 60 CPU,,, Slot Slot 1 Intel, 242, SECC Pentium Pentium Celeron Slot 1, CPU, Socket 370, Slot 1 Slot Slot1 Slot 2 Slot 1,, Xeon( ) Slot 2 2 CPU, Slot A Intel AMD, AMD K7 Athlon, AMD,

71 , Slot A 4. 4 C P U PC Intel 8088, CPU 8 CPU Intel, AMD, Cyrix Cyrix, CPU Intel, AMD, VIA( ), VIA, Intel AMD, Intel, CPU Intel Intel Intel Celeron, Pentium Pentium 4 1) Pentium 4 Pentium 4 Intel CPU Pentium,, 400 MHz, SSE2, NetBurst, 1. 4 GHz, Socket , i850 / i845 / i845d, Intel GHz, 3 GHz Pentium 4, Pentium 4 Intel Pentium 4 CPU 2 : Willamette Northwood Northwood Pentium 4 Intel, CPU Willamette Pentium 4, Northwood Pentium kb, Willamette Pentium kb 1, CPU, ;, Northwood Pentium s, ; Northwood Pentium 4 Willamette Pentium V 1. 5 V, 69 W 41 W, ;, Northwood Pentium 4,, Northwood Pentium G 4 GHz, Intel Northwood 3 GHz Pentium 4, Northwood Pentium 4 ; Northwood Pentium MHz 61

72 FSB 800 MHz, Intel Pentium Intel Pentium ) Celeron 62 Celeron, Intel Pentium,, Pentium,,, Intel AMD CPU, Celeron, 4, Celeron GHz Celeron GHz Intel Pentium 4 Celeron 533 MHz Northwood, Pentium 4, 128 kb 400 MHz AMD AMD Athlon XP, ThunderBird, Duron AMD, AMD, AMD DIY AMD Athlon ) Athlon XP Intel Pentium 4, AMD Athlon XP, Athlon XP Barton, ThunderBird ; m ; 128 kb 256 kb ; 266 / 333 MHz; Socket A,,, 52 SSE, 3DNow! MMX, SSE, Athlon XP Pentium 4 +,

73 . 7 AMD Athlon 2) ( ThunderBird) Intel Coppermine Pentium, AMD Thunderbird CPU Socket A, m, 120 mm , 128 kb L1 Cache, 256 kb L2 Cache,, 200 /266 MHz, 3DNow! Coppermine Pentium, DDR, Pentium,,,,, Athlon XP,, G, 63 3) ( Duron) AMD Intel,,, 256 kb 64 kb ( Morgan) 200 MHz, Athlon XP Palomino, 1. 2 GHz, 85 %, ( Morgan),,, Intel Celeron 3,,, Intel, AMD,, CPU, Intel,,, AMD,, CPU

74 Intel CPU CPU FSB L1 / kb L2 /kb) / GHz / MHz / m / V Celeron Socket Willamette Celeron Socket Northwood Pentium A 1. 8 Socket Northwood Pentium A 2. 0 Socket Northwood Pentium B 2. 4 Socket Northwood Pentium Socket Northwood Pentium C 2. 4 Socket Northwood AMD CPU CPU FSB L1 / kb L2 / kb Athlon XP / GHz / MHz / m / V Socket Thoroughbred A Socket Thoroughbred A Socket Thoroughbred A Socket Thoroughbred B Socket Thoroughbred B Socket Barton Socket Thoroughbred B C P U CPU,, CPU, CPU, CPU,,, CPU, : 1), CPU, Pentium 4, Athlon XP, Celeron, Duron CPU,

75 CPU /,,, ;,,, 2) CPU CPU, Intel Pentium 4 AMD Athlon XP, CPU Intel Pentium Pentium G CPU, : 1, 2 : Intel Pentium 4, Pentium 4 3 : 1. 7 GHz /256 /400 /1. 75 V, 1. 7 GHz; L2 256 kb; 400 MHz; V 4 : SL57V MALAY, SL57V S-Spec,, S-Spec,, COSTA RICA( ) 5 : L118A ,, 6 : I, ( Intel) AMD Athlon XP DA2200DKV3C 4. 8 Athlon XP : L = V, U = V 4. 8 Athlon XP , AX- : AXD Athlon XP ACPU, A 2200 PR, CPU D : D = OPGA, A = PGA, M =, TBD V : V = 85, T, 90 3: 3 = 256 kb, 4 = 512 kb K : K = V, C: A /B = 200 MHz, C = 266 MHz 65

76 ) CPU CPU,, 4) CPU,, CPU, Intel Pentium 4 Willamette Northwood, Northwood, AMD Athlon XP Palomino, Thoroughbred Barton3 Bug, CPU,, Socket 423 Pentium 4, Socket 478 ( Intel ) CPU,, CPU 5) 66, CPU, CPU CPU, CPU CPU L1 /L2 Cache MMX 3DNow! CPU ( WCPUID ), 4, 3 : CPU, : CUP : Socket Slot 2 Socket CPU Socket, Slot CPU Slot, CPU Socket 478 Socket 462 CPU,, CPU, CPU,, CPU

77 4. 1 CPU,? 4. 2 Intel CPU?? 4. 3? 4. 4 CPU 7

78 5,, ( ) ( ) ENIAC,,, 20, ENIAC,,,,,, :,,,,,,,, /,,, / ( DMA) /, / CPU /

79 : ( bit) : Byte( kb) ( MB) ( GB) T ( TB) : 1 Byte = 8 bit 1 kb = Byte 1 MB = kb 1 GB = MB 1 TB = GB,,, 100 MB, GB, /, CPU, / / 3, /( ) ( ), ( Memory Access Time), T A T A, T A ( ns) /, ( ) ( / ), ( Memory Cycle Time), T M T M T A, /,, B M ( bit B), B M = W/ T A, bit / s B /s W,,, /,, : C = C/ S ,

80 ) 3,,,,,,,, 2) 70,, ( RAM), CPU, RAM RAM( SRAM) RAM( DRAM), ; ( ms),,,,,, RAM DRAM,, ( ROM) ROM,, ( SAM) ( CD-ROM),,,, DAM DAM,, RAM SAM, 3) CPU ( ) ( ) 2 CPU, RAM ROM, / -,,, MB MB,

81 CPU,, 4),,,,,,, 5. 1 : ; ; ; CPU , kb MB,,,,,, CPU, CPU,,,,, Cache, Cache,,,

82 . 2, RAM ROM Cache RAM,, RAM, ROM Cache /, CPU, ( 5. 2 ) SDRAM, 1) PCB PCB,, PCB 2), 8,, PCB, , ECC, ECC CPU,,, ; CPU, BC EDO, CPU,, 168 SDRAM, CPU, ;, EDO 5 V,

83 3. 3 V,,, ;,, ( ns) EDO 60 ns 70 ns, - 60, - 70, SDRAM DDR SDRAM 10 ns, 100 MHz PC100,, PC100 PC133 3) SPD SPD,, / SPD PC100 4),, SIMM DIMM SIMM Single-In Line Memory Medule,, PC 80586, PC 72 SIMM, DIMM DIMM Dual In-Line Memory Module,,, 84, 84 2 = 168, 168, 72 SIMM ) ( ns),, EDO 60 ns, SDRAM 7 ns, CPU,,, 2), 72 EDO 4 MB, 8 MB, 16 MB; 168 SDRAM 16 MB, 32 MB, 64 MB, 128 MB, DDR

84 28 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB,, Windows,, 128 MB 3), 8 1,,,,, 0 1, CPU, 0 1,,, 4) 74 EDO 5 V, SDRAM 3. 3 V, DDR 2. 5 V CPU, RDRAM DDR SDRAM, Intel ( Pentium 4 i850 RDRAM), ;, RDRAM, 1) SDRAM SDRAM Synchronous DRAM( ),,, CPU,, SDRAM, PC100 PC133, SDRAM, MHz( ) SDRAM PC133, 133 MHz SDRAM, 133 MHz 133 / s, 7. 5 ns( 1 ns = 10-9 s) 7. 5 ns,,,,,

85 , PC133 : PC133U-333PC133, 333, ( Time of Row Precharge, trp), RAS CAS ( Time of RAS to CAS Delay, trcd), ( Time of CAS Latency, tcl) 3,, 3,, PC100, VIA trp, trcd, tcl 3 3 PC100, Intel 3 2 PC100 VIA Intel,, VIA PC100, Intel PC100 PC133,, PC133, PC133U-222 PC133U-333 2) DDR SDRAM DDR DDR,,, SDRAM DDR SDRAM,, DDR 184 ( 5. 3 ), SDRAM ( 5. 2 ) Kingmax DDR SDRAM DDR 100, 133, 166

86 76 3, DDR, DDR 2, DDR200, DDR266 DDR333 DDR DDR400 DDR DDR266A 133 MHz CL( tcl) 2, CL MHz ; DDR266B, DDR200, 133 MHz, CL 2. 5, CL 2, 100 MHz, DDR266 A DDR266B, ( DDR, CL ) DDR333 DDR266, DDR MHz CL 2. 5,, DDR266A CL,, : DDR,,, : = 8Byte( 64bit) DDR MHz 8 Byte = MB /s, DDR266 PC2100, DDR200 PC1600, DDR333 PC2700, DDR400 PC3200, DDR Kingmax DDR333 \ DDR400: TinyBGA( ) ( 5. 4 ) m TinyBGA TSOP, TSOP DDR SDRAM %,, TinyBGA, DRAM 5. 4 TinyBGA DDR , 256, 512 MB, TinyBGA 256 MB DDR200 / 266 /300 /333 DDR,, DDR333, DDR, DDR400 SDRAM Kinghorse:, 5. 5,

87 ,,,, 5. 5 DDR333 PCB, 5. 5 Kinghorse GEIL: GEIL, PCB PCB, GEIL, SPD, 5. 6 DDR, PCB, ( BLP, Bottom Leaded Package), 32 MB, 8,, 256 MB, GEIL Kingston( 5. 7 ) :, OEM ( Toshiba, Hitachi ) Kingston, DCAT( Design, Component, Assembly, Testing) Kingston,, 5. 7 Kingston

88 Kinghorse,,, 3) RDRAM 78 RDRAM DRDRAM( Direct Rambus DRAM), Rambus Intel, RDRAM DDR,, 16 32, SDRAM 64, RDRAM SDRAM DDR, 300 MHz 600 MHz,, RDRAM RDRAM PC600, PC700, PC800, RDRAM SDRAM, DDR, PC800, 400 MHz, 800 MHz 2 B = 1. 6 GB/ s RDRAM, RDRAM,, PC800 RDRAM 3. 2 GB/ s, Intel 850 RDRAM RDRAM RDRAM, SDRAM DDR, RDRAM,,, RDRAM, ;, DDR SDRAM Pentium 4, DDR RDRAM SDRAM, DDR,, SDRAM DDR, AMD, DDR266 A CL 2 DDR333 ( DDR266 ), AMD, AMD, DDR266, DDR Intel Pentium 4, CPU AMD ( 533 MHz Northwood ), DDR RDRAM RDF2001 ( Rambus 2001 ) Yellow Stone,, RDRAM , SDRAM, DDR266, DDR333, DDR400

89 ,,? 1) Photoshop,,,, 128 MB, 3D,, MB MB,,,, Flash CPU,,,,,,, 2) Windows 98, 256 MB, 256 MB, Windows 98, Windows XP, Windows 9x, Windows XP CPU AMD CPU, DDR333 DDR400, AMD, Athlon XP 2. 1 GB/ s, DDR GB/s DDR400 Athlon XP, DDR333 DDR266, 512MB,?,, 79

90 . 3 ( ) ( ) cm( in) 360 kb, 720 kb 1. 2 MB; 8. 9 cm( 3. 5 in) MB 6. 4 cm( 2. 5 in) 20 MB,, ( Winch Ester) ( ),, MB ,,, PC,, CPU, 20, 40 MB 40 GB 120 GB, 1 MB 512 MB, CD-ROM 40, AT ATX,,,,,,,,,,,, /, /,,

91 ,,, ,,, ( 5. 9 ),,,,, 1 8,,,, /,, ,,, MB MB, GB,,,,,,, 1), 4 ;,, 0 1,,

92 ,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,, 2) 82, 2 20 GB, 80 GB,, :,,, rpm( ),, SCSI rpm rpm,, ms,, 10 ms, IBM 5, IDE 4, GMR,, 40 GB,, GMR,

93 , ( ), ms, ms, ms 52 kb 2 MB, SCSI 512 kb ( Sustained Transfer Rate), Mbit /s, ( ) : Mbit / s, MB/ s, Mbit / s 8 ( 8 ), 131 Mbit / s, MB/ s,, MB/ s Ultra DMA /133, 133 MB/ s S. M. A. R. T Self-Monitoring Analysis&Reporting Technology,,,,,, 83 3), :,, IDE, SCSI, SCSI IDE, SCSI,, Intel Serial ATA,, Maxtor ATA-133,, 200 GB,,,

94 84,, rpm rpm, rpm 3D rpm,,, rpm rpm, rpm,,, ;,, IDE 2 MB, WD GB 120 GB 8 MB,,,,,, :, IBM, Maxtor( ), Seagate( ), WD( ) 4) 30 %,,,, : / /,, Quantum( ) Fireball ( ) 3. 5 in *, rpm, GRANDPRIX rpm,,,,,, /,, ;,,,,,

95 /,, ;, m,,,,,,,,,,, 20 25, ;,,,, :,, COMMAND. COM, CONFIG. SYS, AUTOEXEC. BAT, Linux, Windows,,,,,,,,,, Windows,,,,,,, 85 5), / GB / GB /rpm /MB / ms / in IBM IC35L060AVER ATA

96 / GB / GB /rpm /MB / ms / in IBM IC35L180AVV2 07 MAXTOR 4K080H4 MAXTOR 6Y160L0 SEAGATE ST380021A SEAGATE ST AS WESTERM WD1000BB WESTERM WD2000JB ATA < ATA < 9. 0 ATA ATA Serail 3. 5 ATA ATA ATA C D - R O M ),,,, :, ( ), 2) in in,

97 3. 5 in CD-ROM, ROM( ) CD-ROM CD VCD,,, MPEG, CD-ROM, CD-R( ),, 10 CD-R,, ( CD-RM) CD-RM,, CD-RM CD-R, CD-ROM CD CD-RM, CD-R 4, 16, CD-ROM, CD-ROM 87 CD-ROM CD-ROM IDE 1) ( ) CD-ROM

98 88,,,,,, 0 1,,,,, 01,,,, ( 1X) 150 kb /s, 32X, 40X, 50X CD-ROM, 3, / /, 40X /10 X /48X CD-R 40X, CD-RM 10 X, CD 48X 1 s, CD-ROM 1X = 150 kb/ s, kb kb,, ( Inside Transfer Rate) ( Outside Transfer Rate),,,,,, CPU CPU, CPU, CPU, ( Buffer Memory Size),,,,,, CD-ROM 128 kb 256 kb, DVD-ROM 512 kb, 2 4 MB, 8 MB PIOM UDMA, PIOM, CPU, UDMA, Windows DMA, 2) CD-ROM,,

99 CD-ROM,, CD-ROM,, CD-ROM,, CD-ROM, CD, CD-ROM 2, 12 cm 8 cm, 12 cm 12 cm, CD-R MB 74 min, CD-R MB 63 min,,,,,, , CD-ROM CD VCD, DVD-ROM,, CD-ROM,, CD-ROM 40, 50, CD-ROM, OEM, CD- ROM,, CD-ROM, CD-ROM CD-ROM 1),, kb/ s ( CAV, Constant Angular Velocity) ( PCAV, Partial-CAV) CAV PCAV,,,,, 100 ms,, rpm, rpm,,,,,, 89

100 ,, CD VCD, 4 ; 24 ; 52 2) 90,, CD-ROM,,,,,,,,,,,, 3), CD-ROM SCSI IDE SCSI, SCSI, SCSI CD-ROM SCSI-2,, IDE CD-ROM,, IDE CD-ROM : PIO, Ultra DMA PIO MB/ s,, CPU, Ultra DMA33 CPU Ultra DMA33, Ultra DMA33 CD-ROM, IDE 4),, :,

101 - ROM,,,,,,,, 5), Acer CD-ROM,,,,,,,,, 3 1, 1,,, 2 SPDIF CD 4, 2 SPDIF SPDIF, SB Live! 2 SPDIF, 128 kb, DVCD,, CD-ROM, DVCD,, DVCD ,, 1), CD-ROM,

102 4X, 34X, 50XCD - ROM 40X 50X,, 2) Acer Acer 32X,, 40X 50X Acer CD,,, 3),, 36X 40X,,, 4) 92,,,,, 40X, OEM, CDU X, UDMA,,, CD-ROM, CD-ROM / ( kbit s - 1 ) / kb / ms CD X IDE ATA33 CD-S500 50X IDE ATA33 DDSS II SC X IDE ATA33 52X CD-ROM 52X IDE ATA33 52X G3 52X IDE ATA33 SAS ,,,

103 , : 1),,,,,,,,,, 2),,,,,,, 93 3),,,,,,,,, 4),,,,,,, ;,,,, ( firmware ),, firmware, firmware,

104 firmware, firmware,,,,,,, BIOS ; firmware 5),,,,,, 6) 94,,,,,,, Windows,,, 5. 5 D V D 1999, DVD, DVD DVD, DVD-ROM CD-ROM 1) DVD DVD Digital Video Disk,, DVD Digital Versatile Disc, DVD, DVD CD / VCD, CD m, 1. 6 m, nm, DVD 0. 4 m, m,

105 nm DVD CD, CD, DVD,, DVD RS - PC( Reed Solomon Product Code) 8 /16, DVD DVD DVD, CD- ROM DVD CD-ROM 4 DVD nm DVD MPEG-2, MPEG-2 11, DVD, DVD VCD, CD-ROM, CD - R, CD - AUDI- O DVD DVD MPEG-2, DVD, MPEG-2 DVD, DVD DVD, 3D MPEG-2, DVD DVD DVD 2) DVD DVD CD VCD, mm, 1. 2 mm, DVD 4 DVD 4. 7 GB, DVD 17 GB( CD 26 ) DVD MPEG-2 MPEG : MPEG,,, ;,,,

106 50 550, VCD 250 SVCD DVD khz, 16 bits 20 bits 24 bits, LD 44 khz DVD Dolby Digital ( ) DTS( Digital Theater System),, CD 1X = 150 kb/ s, DVD 1X = kb/ s, CD-ROM 9 DVD 1,,, DVD DVD( ), DVD-ROM, DVD, 16X, CD ( ) 3) DVD 96 6 : DVD-ROM( DVD) DVD-ROM DVD, CD-ROM, CD-ROM DVD-ROM, DVD Video( DVD) DVD-Video DVD, LVD ( Laser Video Disc, ) Video CD( Video Compact Disc ) DVD, DVD, DVD DVD-Video MPEG-2,,, , MPEG-2 500, DVD Audio( DVD) DVD-Audio, CD LPCM( ),, 5. 1 AC-3( ) DTS( ) DVD-Audio, PC, DVD-R/ RW( DVD 1 ) DVD-R / RW Pioneer( ) 1998 DVD-R /RW CD-R /RW, CLV DVD-R, CD-R, DVD-R CD-R ( 6 CD-R ) DVD-R 4. 7GB DVD-RW ( Phase Change) /, DVD + R/ RW( DVD 2 ) DVD + R DVD-R,

107 DVD + RW DVD-RW, DVD + R / RW CAV, DVD + RW, DVD-RW DVD + RW ( 1 h ),, 1 min, PVD + RW DVD DVD + R /RW DVD DVD-R/ RW DVD + R/ RW, DVD, SONY NEC DVD-R /RW DVD + R / RW, DVD Dual DVD R /RW DVD RW DVD-R/ RW DVD + R / RW, DVD DVD,,, SONY DVD DVD Dual DVD-RAM( DVD, DVD 3) DVD-RAM,,, /,, DVD-RAM /, DVD-RAM,,, DVD-RAM DVD-RAM /, MO CD-RM, DVD,, DVD-ROM DVD-R DVD-RAM DVD-RW, DVD-ROM DVD / /, DVD 4 DVD 4, DVD - 5, DVD - 9, DVD - 10 DVD - 18 DVD, DVD DVD-5 DVD-9, DVD-10 DVD-18 ( DVD),, / cm / / GB CD-ROM min DVD h DVD h DVD h 97

108 / cm / / GB DVD h DVD-5 :, 4. 7 GB DVD, DVD-10 :, DVD, 9. 4 GB, DVD-5 DVD-9 :,,,, DVD,, 9. 4 GB,, 8. 5 GB DVD-18 : DVD-9, 17 GB 4) DVD DVD OVATION 16X DDU1621 DVD-ROM 16X NEC DV-800B/ C 5. 4 DVD / ( kbit s - 1 ) / ms DVD-ROM 16X/48X / kb 120 /120 IDE ATA33 DVD-ROM 16X/40X / kb 100 /85 IDE ATA33 DVD-ROM 16X/48X / kb 105 /85 IDE ATA33 DVD-ROM 16X/48X / kb 120 /120 IDE ATA33 COMBO 48XCD-R DVD 8 MB / 120 /110 E-IDE ATA33 48XCombo /24XCD-RM /7 200 CD 2 MB /48CD-ROM /4 800 CD-RM /16DVD /7 200 CD-R : DVD-ROM DVD / CD- ROM

109 5. 6,,,,,,,, ) U MB, MB, Flash Memory, ( Flash Memory) ,,, /, 5. 15,,,,,,,,,,,

110 . 15 2) 100,, USB,, USB Windows 98 / ME /2000,,, USB,,,,,,,, 5 s, 15, 750 kb/ s, 450 kb/ s/,,,, 20 g, 3 m,,, 100, MB, 2 GB 3),, 3 :,,,, Windows 2000 / ME / XP, USB,

111 Windows 98 Storage,,,,,,,, USB-FDD / HDD BIOS,, PC,, ;, ; QQ,,, ;,,, 16 MB, 32 MB, 64 MB, 128 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB, 1 GB 7,,,,,, MP3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 101

112 ), / s / s 600 kb 800 kb / 16 MB > 10 USB, 2 GB II 700 kb 900 kb 16 MB > 10 USB 2 GB GPRS 700 kb 900 kb 16 MB 2 GB > 10 USB 16 MB 920 kb kb > 10 USB 2 GB 920 kb kb 16 MB > 10 USB 2 GB Internet, GPRS, Internet, ,, 16 MB 920 kb kb > 10 USB 2 GB, U2 2 MB 6 MB 16 MB 2 GB > 10 USB USB2. 0, :,,, 5, 4 :,, Cache CPU ( Cache ), ( ROM) ( RAM), ROM, RAM,,,,,,,,, /

113 , : Cache

114 6,,, / 5,, / 6. 1 /, /, / ( KeyBoard, KB),,,, 1) :,,,, PC/ AT ( ) PS /2 ( ) USB PC/ AT ; PS /2 ATX ; USB,, 2), IBM PC, /102

115 , /105, Windows 98 Power, Sleep, Wake Up FN,,,, , USB,,,,,,, ,, PS /2,,,,

116 PS/2 COM USB,, USB USB, USB, USB, USB USB HUB USB, USB HUB, USB HUB USB HUB USB,, 2 4 USB,, USB HUB, CD, :, F ;,,, 3) KB 6 KB PC/ AT PS/2 ( KB BIOS), : Intel , CPU, RAM, ROM I / O, ROM 24 4,, X Y,, 8048,,, CPU, ASCII, 8048,,, 4, 8048 ( ),,, (, ) 4),,,

117 ,,,,,,,,, ( Mouse),,, ( ),, Windows, 1), ( 6. 3 ) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, PS /2 USB ( 6. 4 ) PC/ AT 9 COM, ; PS /2

118 6. 4 ( 6. 5 ),,,, Windows 98 AutoCAD Windows,,,,,,,,,,,, :, ;,

119 ,,,,,, 2),,,,, , : ( ) ( ), CRT( ) LCD( ) 1) 109 CPU,, PC CPU, ( VGA ) ( 6. 6 ) I / O ; VGA ; ( ),, ( D /A),, ( ),, EDO, VRAM, SGRAM, WDRAM, MDRAM RDRAM,, CPU,,, CPU Windows,, ( GUI ),

120 110. 6, Windows,,,, CPU, CPU,,, CPU PC, ( MDA, Monochrome Display Adapter) Hercules ( CGA, Color Graphics Adapter) ( EGA, Enhanced Graphics Adapter) CGA , 8 EGA , 16,, IBM PS/2, ( VGA, Video Graphica Array), VGA , 16, Windows 9X VGA,,, Super VGA SVGA Trident TVGA , , , , K 32 Windows 3D,,, DSP

121 D ISA, EISA, VESA, PCI AGP ISA EISA, VESA, PCI AGP 3D, AGP AGP 3D 4 8 MB,, MHz PCI 533 MB/ s, 1 GB/ s,,, Intel AGP,, AGP, AGP PCI D Blaster 4 MX420 64MB AGP, 250 MHz, 64MB 166 MHz SDR, VGA / TV AGP,, 3D 3D,, 8, 16, 32, 64 MB, AGP 2),,,,,, ;

122 14 in, 15 in, 17 in, 20 in, ;, ( CRT) ( LCD), CRT LCD CRT, ( ), 3, Trinitron 3,,,, 3,, 3, 3, 3, CRT :,,, ( ), mm, mm, mm,,,, , 480,, 256, 8 ( ), 2 8 = 256;, 3, 17 in , mm 15 in, 1 155, 866, , CRT,

123 ,,, ;,, ;,,,,,,,, 60 Hz 60 CRT Hz,,, khz,,,,, MHz( ),, VGA, 60 Hz, Hz = MHz; , 70 Hz, MHz,, in *,, 15 in, 17 in, 19 in, 21 in,, 17 in * 16 in,,,,,,,,,,,, PC LCD LCD, LCD CRT,, DSTN- LCD( ) TFT-LCD( ) DSTN, 113

124 114, CRT, TFT 4 ( 1 3 RGB ),,, TFT LCD, LCD :, 15 in LCD mm, ( ) LCD CRT LCD, CRT,, LCD ( 60 Hz),, LCD LCD,,, LCD cd /m 2 LCD 200 cd / m 2, 300 cd / m 2,,, LCD,,, LCD,,,,,,, LCD LCD 200 1, 300 1,, 100 1,,,,,, LCD,, ( ),

125 ,,,,, 10 1, LCD ( ), ( ms), 50 ms,, 50 ms = 1 /0. 05 s = 20 /s, 24 / s, 20, 30 / s, 1 / s = 33 ms ( 30 ms = 33 /s 20 ms = 50 / s), 10 ms (, 10 ms = 100 / s),, 30 ms, CRT, LCD,, LCD, LCD,, LCD, LCD, LCD, ( DVI, Digital Visual Interface),, DVI DVI, DVI-I, 3) CRT ( 6. 1 ) 6. 1 CRT ES2 500PS 757MB / in / in /mm / MHz /khz / Hz / FD FD

126 1100P 107B3 202P4 / in / in /mm / MHz /khz / Hz / FD FD FD LCD ( 6. 2 ) 6. 2 LCD P 210T SDM - S51 SDM - S71 170B2B 180P2M / in / ms /(cd m - 2 ) / ( ) / mm / / / / / / / LG782LE / L1810B / ( 6. 3 )

127 . 3 V9180 VS V8440 / TD AR64DG GF4 MX400-8X GF4 Ti4400 / RAMDAC / bit /MHz / ns / MHz / MHz DDR /64 MB AGP 8X VGA, TV, DVI DDR /128 MB AGP 4X VGA, TV, DVI Radeon7500 DDR /64 MB AGP 4X VGA, TV, DVI G4MX460- VT G4Ti4400- VTD GF4 MX460 GF4 Ti4400 DDR /64 MB AGP 4X VGA, TV DDR /128 MB AGP 4X VGA, TV, DVI ,,,,, 1) ( 6. 9 ) 6. 9,,,,,,,

128 ),, 118 EPSON LQ-1600K /1900K STAR CR-3240 ( AR ),,, ( 7 ),,,, ( ),,, 25 ( LPT),,,,,,,,,,, 24 ( 24 ),,,, 2) ( ) 6. 10,,, : ;, ;, / s;, ;,,

129 ,,,, ;,, ;,,,,, EPSON STYLUS 1520,,, 3 s,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ) ( ),,,,,,,,,

130 ( CAD),,, A4,,, ;,,,,,, HP5L/6L A4,,,,,,,, 4) 120 ( 6. 4 ) /DPI EPSON LQ-1600K3 EPSON LQ-570e KD300C FUJITSUD- PK9600E cps cps lpm cps / 24 2 / 10 / 24 4 / IEEE-1284 / Type B ( ) ( Parallel) / RS232C CENTRONICS /RS232C : lpm Line Per Minute, cpi Characters Per Inch, cps Characters Per Second,,,, 10 cpi

131 ( 6. 5 ) 6. 5 EPSON Stylus Photo 2100 EPSON Stylus Pro 9600 HP DeskJet 5550 HP Inkjet cp1700 CANON Xnui320 CANON S900 / / DPI / PPM A4 14 / kb /IEEE1394 / USB A / MB /IEEE1394 / USB A4 17 /12 8 MB USB A3 16 / MB USB/ IEEE A4 10 /7 2 MB USB A4 7 /7 256 kb /USB : DPI Dot Per Inch,,,,,, PPM Paper Per Minute, 121 ( 6. 6 ) 6. 6 EPSON EPL - C8200 EPSON EPL - N2120 HP Laser jet 9000 CANON LBP1210 CANON LBP2000 LEGEND LJ5500 / DPI / / s / MB A A A A / USB A / USB A / USB

132 . 3, VCD /DVD , PC, ( ),,, MIDI 1) 122 PC,, ( Sound Card) CD, :,, ( ),,,,, CD, CD-ROM ( DAC), ; ( ADC),,, MIDI ( MIDI), ( MIDI ), MIDI MIDI MID WAV MID,,,,,

133 ( ) / MIDI CD, , MIC-IN LINE-IN, CD AUDIO-OUT( LINE-OUT) LINE-IN, DIN , CD-ROM CD JOYSTICK MIDI / MIDI,,,, /,, ; /,, ISA, ISA, ISA, PCI, ISA, 0 1 ;,, , K, 123

134 K ; 8 256,,,,, 16, , 16 1 s,, khz, khz, 48 khz, khz FM, khz CD, 48 khz 48 khz,, ,, AC-3( Dolby Digital) DTS :,, Hz,,, 5. 1, ,, MIDI ( MIDI, Musical Instrument Digital Interface) MID, RMI, MIDI MIDI,,,,,,, MIDI MI- DI, MIDI MIDI, MIDI : FM( ) ; Wave Table( ), ISA FM,, MIDI,,,

135 ),, EPROM, MIDI,,, FM44. 1 khz 16 bit,, AC-3( Dolby Digital) Dolby Digital 5. 1,, AC-3, DVD AC-3, DS3D( Direct Sound 3D) DS3D Microsoft DirectX DS3D 3D, DS3D A3D A3D Aureal 3 D, A3D,, EAX EAX Environmental Audio Extension, ( Creative ),,, ( Creative) Sound Blaster,,, Sound Blaster Live! Digital Sound Blaster Live! Digital EMU-10K1-NDF EMU-10 K1-NDF CREATIVE EMU System, s, 200, Pentium 7. 1, 32, 48 khz, 192 db, 64, 128, Sound Blaster Live! Digital 6, : LINE OUT, LINE OUT 2, LINE-IN, MIC-IN, MIDI /,, PC99 CREATIVE Sound Blaster Live! Digital MIDI MP3, Sound Blaster Live! Digital Sound Blaster Live! Platinum, Sound Blaster Live! Creative ,, Sound Blaster Live! MIDI SoundFont 2. 0,,, PCI, SoundFont, Creative 32 MB SoundFont, Sound Blaster Live! 3D, DirectSound 3 D 4, 125

136 126 Sound Blaster Live! SPDIF MIDI Digital DIN Digital DIN Creative FPS2000D DTT2500D, 7. 1 Sound Blaster Live!, 95 db, Sound Blaster Live!, CD Wave MP3,, Sound Blaster Live!, MIDI, Creative,, EMU10K1 DSP,, Sound Blaster Live!, Creative Sound Blaster Live! Value Sound Blaster Live! Value Sound Blaster Live!, PCB I2S,, 3, Sound Blaster Live! Sound Blaster Live! Value,, Sound Blaster Live! Sound Blaster Live! Value PCB SPDIF, Creative,, Sound Blaster Live!,,, ( Diamond),,, 1 000,,, Monster Sound MX400 DIAMOND ESS Technology Canyon3D CODEC Quad AC CODEC, 4 ; 48 iectsound3 D ( SBLive! 32 ), 64 DirectSound, 90 db Monster Sound MX400 4, SPDIF OUT, MIDI \, MIC IN, CD AUDIO MIC \ MONO, MX400 Rio upgrade CPU MP3, FM, MX400,, Monster Sound MX300 Diamond Creative Sound Blaster Live! Value MX300, Joystick,,, WaveTable Aureal Vortex2 AU8830, API A3D 2. 0 MX300 MX300

137 2, Out1, Out2 4 ; Out2,, Out2 4 MX300 A3D 2. 0, A3D 2. 0, MX300 3D, 4, MIDI, MX300, MX200 MX300 Zoran DVD, MX300 DVD 5. 1 AC-3 4 SPDIF, AC-3, MX300,, CPU,, CPU 300 MHz, ) ( ),,,,, CD, MD MP3,,,,,,,,,,,,,

138 128,,,, ;,,, ;,,,,,, ;,, 500,,, 3 1, ; 2,,,,,,,,,,,, ; 3,,,,,,,,,,, 20 Hz,, ( ),,,,, ( ),,,,,,, ;,,,,,

139 ( Mic In) ) ( ) LD LIFEVIEW( ),,,,,, 30 /s,,, 129, PC PC 32 PCI, PC, PC ( Video In) S-Video PAL NTSC :,,, PC, PC, :,,,, 200 MB, BetaCam /, ;,,, 6 1, / AV S, ;

140 AV S, 2),,,, PCI PC AVI, MPEG-1,, PC,,,,,, 3) 130 :, MPG, CPU CPU INTEL PIII AMD, ; RAID,, RAID SCSI, ; DDR MB, ;,, SCSI, 2 MB, SCSI,, DMA , ;, 32 MB AGP ;,, ; Vibra 128, SB LIVE! : PC, PC Adobe Premiere,

141 . 4 P C ( Network Interface Card, NIC),,,,,, IEEE( ) 1), PCB, ROM,,, :, ( ) ;,,,,, CPU,,,,,,,,, ID, MAC( Media Access Control) MAC ROM, DNA, MAC, 131 2),, ATM,

142 132,, ( ) : 10 Mbit / s 100 Mbit / s 10 /100 Mbit /s, 10 /100 Mbit /s, 100 Mbit / s,,, 10 Mbit /s 100 Mbit / s Mbit /s,,,, : ISA PCI PCMCIA USB ISA PC, ISA,, ISA, 10 Mbit /s ISA, PCI PCI MHz PCI, 132 MB/ s, MHz PCI, 528 MB/ s, CPU PCI CPU,,,, PCI PCI QN408 /409 PCI, Davicom, 10 /100 Mbit / s, : PCI ISA ISA,, PCI ISA, ISA, ISA PCMCIA,,, 3 4 mm PCMCIA, PCMCIA PCMCIA, 16 PCMCIA, 32 CardBus CardBus PC,, CPU,, CPU

143 . 16, 32-bit CardBus USB USB,,, Modem, USB,,, WU-1002 USB, REALTEK, 10 /100 Mbit / s PCMCIA, IEEE Base-T IEEE U 100Base-T, /, Windows 95 / 98 / NT/ XP LINUX UNIX 1 m USB,,, USB, PC 4,,, PC PC,,,,,,, IEEE a / b / g, 54 Mbit / s USB WN210,, mini, RJ- 45 ( ) AUI ( ) BNC ( ) ;,, RJ BNC, BNC + AUI, RJ- 45 +

144 ,,, BNC AUI, RJ- 45, ( RJ- 11 ),, 4, RJ- 45, ( ). 18 USB BNC ( ) D-Link DFE-530TX + 10 /100 Mbps BNC, ( 6. 21

145 . 21 D-Link DE-528CT ( RJ-45 + BNC ) ),, Intel, 3),,,, RJ-45, BNC + RJ-45,,,,, 10 /100 Mbit /s PCI,,,, 100 Mbit / s, 200 Mbit / s 100 Mbit / s, 32, PCI 132 MB/s, 100 Mbit / s PCI CPU ACPI,, ACPI ACPI,,, 135

146 PCI2. 2,,,,,, 3. 3 V m,, CPU,,,,,, Modem 1) Modem 136 Modem( Modulator-Demodulator), :,, ;,,,,, 2) Modem, : PCMCIA Modem,,,,,,, COM,, 6. 22, Modem, : Line, ; Phone, Modem,, Modem,,, Modem, Modem,

147 . 22 Modem Modem,,, 6. 23, Hayes( ) 25 RS232, 9 25 COM1 COM2, 9 ( Female ), 25 ( Male) ; Line; Phone,,, Modem USB Modem( ) Modem, Modem Modem Modem USB, ( USB 127 ) ;,, ;,,, ; : Modem,

148 USB Modem PCMCIA PCMCIA,, PCMCIA, 3 : CONTROLLER ( ) ; DATA- PUMP( ) ; DATAARRANGEMENT( ) 1, 2, 3 2, 3 3, CPU, CPU,, CPU ( 20% 40% ),, CPU ( 10% ),, + Modem, ADSL,, ADSL Modem ADSL Modem, Modem, ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 1 8 Mbit /s kbit / s Internet,, ADSL,,, ADSL Modem,,, 3 5 km

149 : CAP, DMT, DMT, DMT, 0 4 khz, 26 khz 1. 1 MHz, 4 khz 256, TCM QAM, 15 bits, ADSL 1. 5 Mbit /s, Mbit /s,, ADSL kbit / s, 1 8 Mbit /s CAP,, ADSL Modem 3) Modem Modem,,,, Modem, Modem, Modem :,,,,,, kbit / s 56 kbit / s,,, kbit /s Modem, 56 K,, K 56 K, 56 kbit /s Modem,,,,,,, kbit / s Modem; 56 kbit /s Modem 56 kbit / s, Modem 56 kbit /s,, BBS, Modem V. 90,, 56 kbit / s Modem FTP 56 kbit /s Modem kbit / s Modem,, 56 kbit / s, 3 56 kbit / s Modem,,! Modem : Rockwell( conexant) Ambient( Cirrus Logic) ESS Lucent TI Rockwell ( conexant), 70 %,,, Ambient ( Cirrus Logic) Modem,, ESS, Lucent TI, 139

150 140 Modem Modem Modem : PCI ISA AMR CNR,, PCI Modem, PCI ( 133 MB /s), CPU, AMR CNR Modem,,, ISA, Modem, Modem,,,,, Modem,,,,,,,,, Modem, Modem,,,, 56 kbit / s ITU V. 90, 56 kbit /s Modem, BIOS, BIOS Modem V. 92, ( Ambient), L100 ( Conexant), IDVM-CD56 ( Ambient) ISP V. 92, V. 92 Modem, V. 92, ISP Modem, ; USB Modem, ISA, ; PCI AMR,, DAA, Modem, Modem, PCI Modem Modem Rockwell 56ACF K56Flex, V. 90 Rockwell 56PDF Rockwell 56PVS K56Flex V. 90 V. 90, K56Flex

151 56DVS/ L56DV/ L56DV + P V. 90 Lucent L56DL/ L56DLI/ L56DAS/ L56DASI / L56DM + S Lucent L56DT V. 90, K56Flex V. 90 K56Flex Cirrus Logic 565x/566x X2 V. 90 Cirrus Logic 562X X2 V. 90 ESS Pctel, Modem, Modem, ( FAX), ( VOICE), ( DA- TA), ( DUPLEX),, Modem, Modem ( : Modem,,, ),, Modem,, ,,,,,,

152 ) ( TP),,,, RJ-45 ( STP) ( UTP), UTP STP,, UTP,, RJ-45, 8, , 4578 RJ RJ ),,,, BNC, BNC, :, 50,,,,,,, : 500 m; 2. 8 km; 100; 2. 5 m : 185 m; 925 m; 30; BNC-T 0. 5 m, 3),,,,,,,,,,,

153 ,,,,, 2 km,, ;,, 2 km,,, 6 /,, 143,,, /,,,,,,, 3 :, ( ),, CRT,, PC, CTR /,,,,,,,, ADSL Modem + +

154 6. 1, CRT LCD 6. 2,, 6. 3, SPDIF,? 6. 4 ISDN Cable Modem? 4

155 7, BIOS, 7. 1,,,,,, 1),,,,,, : :,,, ;,, :,, : :, CPU

156 : CPU /, 7. 1 ( ) :,, :,,, :, :,,, ( ),,,,,,,

157 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, PC, 2) CPU CPU, CPU Socket CPU 1, / CPU 90, CPU 2, CPU 3, CPU,, CPU 4, CPU ( ), CPU CPU, CPU CPU, : 1, CPU, CPU 2, 3, 4

158 ,, CPU 5, CPU 3 CPU, CPU 184 DDR SDRAM, 184 DDR SDRAM, 7. 5 : 1,,,, 1 1 ( ) 2,, 3,,, CPU, : 1,

159 . 5 2, I / O ( ) :,,,, 3, I / O, ,,,, ( ), 3, :,,,,,, 4, , ATX, P4, CPU

160 PC 4 RESET PC 4, 1 4, 1, Speaker, Speaker, 1 ( : 1 +, ) RESET RESET, RESET, 2, 3, 1 3, 1, Power, 1 ( + ), 2, 1,

161 HD LED, 1,,,, RESET( ), HDD LED( ) POWER LED( ),, ,, :,,, ATX : 1,, AGP 2, AGP AGP : AGP , : 1, PCI, PCI 2, PCI PCI :

162 ,, ;, ;,, : , ( :, ),,, 4 2,, :,, 2, 4,, 4, 2, 2,, , IDE IDE, IDE, ATX : IDE, IDE IDE

163 : 1, 5,,,,, 8,,,,, 2,,,,, 3,,, 4,,, ,, 12,

164 . 15,,, : IDE 1,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,

165 ,, 15,,,,, 1,, ,, /PS/2,,, USB, USB,, USB, 15 1,,, 2,, 3,, B I O S, CMOS, 1) BIOS CMOS BIOS, Basic Input / Output System, / ROM( ),, BIOS ( ),, CMOS, Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,, CMOS RAM, CMOS,, CMOS RAM,, CMOS BIOS CMOS, BIOS CMOS

166 156 BIOS CMOS : BIOS ; CMOS RAM, BIOS CMOS BIOS CMOS, BIOS CMOS, CMOS CMOS, CMOS CMOS, PnP,,, CMOS, IRQ DMA CMOS CMOS CMOS, CMOS CMOS,, BIOS CMOS CMOS, /,, / Cache, CMOS CMOS, BIOS BIOS 2) BIOS, BIOS, BIOS,, BIOS 4, Award, AMI, Phoenix MR, AWard, BIOS, BIOS, 7. 1 BIOS 7. 1 BIOS BIOS BIOS AWARD Del Ctrl + Alt + Esc AMI Del Esc MR Esc Ctrl + Alt + Esc Phoenix Del Ctrl + Alt + S

167 Press DEL to Enter SETUP, Del BIOS, BIOS BIOS BIOS 7. 2, 7. 2 BIOS ROM PCI / ISA BIOS( 2A59FA29) CMOS SETUP UTILTY( BIOS ) 157 STANDARD CMOS SETUP ( CMOS ) BIOS FEATURES SETUP ( BIOS ) CHIPSET FEATURES SETUP ( ) POWER MANAGEMENT SETUP ( ) PNP / PCI CONFEGURATION ( PNP / PCI ) INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS ( ) PASSWARD SETTING ( ) IDE HDD DETECTION ( IDE ) SAVE & EXIT SETUP ( ) EXIT WITHOUT SAING ( ) LOAD BIOS DEFAULTS ( BIOS )

168 ) : Select Item ( ) F10: Save & Exit SETUP( ) ( SHIFT) F2: Change Color ( ) Time( ). Date( ). Hard Disk Type( ) STANDARD CMOS SETUP( CMOS ) 7. 3 CMOS ROM PCI / ISA BIOS( 2A59FA29) STANDARD CMOS SETUP ( CMOS ) CMOS 7. 3 TADE( MM: DD: YY) : WED, April 23 TIME( HH: MM: SS) : 13: 37: 14 ( ( : : ) :, ) ( ( : : ) : ) HARD DISK ( ) TYPE ( ) SIZE ( ) CYLS ( ) HEAD ( ) PRECOP ( ) LANDZ ( ) SECTR ( ) MODE ( ) Primary Master: User LBA ( ) ( ) Primary Slave: None ( ) ( ) Secondary Master Auto AUTO ( ) ( ) Secondary Slave None ( ) ( ) Drive A: MB, 3. 5 in. ( A: MB, 3. 5 ) Drive B: None ( B: ) Video: EGA/ VGA ( : EGA/ VGA) Halt On: All Errors ( : ) Base Memory: 640 KB ( ) Extended Memory: KB ( ) Other Memory: 384 KB ( ) Total Memory: KB ( ) ESC: Quit ( ) : Select Item ( ) UP / PD/ + / - : Modify( ) F1: Help ( ) ( SHIFT) F2: Change Color ( ) Date( mm: dd: yy) ( : : ) Time( hh: mm: ss) ( : : ),,