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Contemporary Rhetoric 二〇一七年第二期 ( 总 200 期 ) 提要话语的结构与意义及话语分析的应用陈平 ( 澳利亚昆兰学语与化学院, 澳利亚昆兰 ) 提要 : 话语分析的典型对象是比句的语成分, 主要特点是密切联系语的使用环境以何种语单位作为话语篇章的基本组成部分, 没有个确定的答案般以句为其基本单位, 但根据话语类型和研究目的,

1 Contemporary Rhetoric 二〇一七年第二期 ( 总 200 期 ) 提要话语的结构与意义及话语分析的应用陈平 ( 澳利亚昆兰学语与化学院, 澳利亚昆兰 ) 提要 : 话语分析的典型对象是比句的语成分, 主要特点是密切联系语的使用环境以何种语单位作为话语篇章的基本组成部分, 没有个确定的答案般以句为其基本单位, 但根据话语类型和研究目的, 也可以是句之外的其他语成分判断句与非句使用的是语法标准判断话语和非话语, 除了早期的 Zellig Harris 等使用形式标准之外, 现在般都根据成分之间是否具备连贯性这个意义标准连贯性是语信息流的重要属性, 本讨论它在话语组织中的主要表现段话语分析作为种研究法, 不但用来研究语本体成分的形式和意义, 也用来研究话语篇章表现的社会化和政治意义批判性话语分析理论就是这面的重要代表侧重语本体研究的话语分析和侧重语社会化和政治意义的话语分析两者之间有何异同, 本作了简要分析关键词 : 话语类型话语单位连贯性信息流 Structure and Meaning of Discourse and Practice of Discourse Analysis Chen Ping Abstract: Two prominent features of discourse analyses are:(1)focus on units larger than sentence as its major objects of investigation;(2)close engagement with the context of language use. Whereas clause is customarily taken as the basic constitutive unit of discourse,this article demonstrates that what types of linguistic unit should be taken as basic components of discourse depends on genres of discourse and purposes of our analysis. This article also discusses how

2 coherence as an essential feature of information flow plays a key role in the organization of discourse,and how it is maintained and facilitated by means of linguistic devices. The article concludes with a brief comparison of discourse analys e s as a primarilylinguistic exercise,and as a socio-cultural endeavour as practiced by critical discourse analysis. Key words:genres of discourse, constitutive unit of discourse, coherence, information flow 歇后语的结构与功能再探束定芳 ( 上海外国语学, 上海 ) 提要 : 歇后语是汉语中种比较独特但又普遍存在的表达形式以前的歇后语研究主要关注歇后语的分类来源等问题, 对歇后语的形成机制使用特点和认知功能鲜有论述本采用语料库统计和问卷调查的式, 对歇后语的歇后情况使用意图和使用效果进了研究, 同时还应用认知语学理论中的隐喻和转喻理论解释了歇后语的形成机制和结构特征进了解释本发现 :(a) 歇后语有熟悉程度之分, 有熟语化歇后语和临时歇后语之分越不熟悉的 ( 或临时的 ) 歇后语越不能省掉后面部分歇后语最重要的部分其实是后半部分, 除非已经度熟语化, 其真实含义往往不能通过推理得到理解 ;(b) 歇后语中的歇后部分往往是所使用的转喻和隐喻的依据, 或称喻底, 非有些学者所认为的目标域 ;(c)50% 以上的被调查者认为歇后语用得多与幽默和聪明等品质联系在起 ; 歇后语的使用与般的隐喻和转喻不同, 其认知功能已经弱化, 主要是其社会功能关键词 : 歇后语隐喻转喻认知功能 A New Probe into the Structures and Functions of xiehouyu Shu Dingfang Abstract:Xiehouyu(or two-part allegorical saying) is a prevalent and unique way of expression in Chinese. Past studies have been focused on classifications, and sources of xiehouyu,touching barely on their emergence,usage or cognitive functions. Based on corpus survey and questionnaire reports,this article probes into the omissions,intentions of use and effects of xiehouyu and tries to apply theories of metaphor and metonymy to account for their working mechanism and structural properties. It is found that (1)xiehouyu differs in terms of their familiarity,and there are idiomatic and novel,with the latter often omitting the second part,which is actually the most important part and whose meaning normally cannot be inferred from context; (2) The omitted part is, in most cases,the ground of the metaphor or the reference point of the metonymy in question,not the target domain,as suggested by some scholars;and (3) more than 50% of those surveyed associate the use of xiehouyu with such personal traits as humorous, clever,etc. The author thus claims that metaphors and metonymies in xiehouyu differ from others in that they are used not for cognitive purposes,but chiefly for social or interpersonal reasons. Key words: xiehouyu,metaphor,metonymy,cognitive functions

3 聚合结构的词语化及其为词典收条问题周荐 ( 澳门理学院澳门语化研究中, 澳门 ) 提要 : 聚合结构, 是若个功能和意义接近又各自独立不相连属的字 ( 语素词 ) 并列地聚集在起构成的个结构体汉语的聚合结构常见的是四字格的, 也有超过四字由五字七字等构成的, 或少于四字由三字两字构成的四字聚合结构易于语化, 双字聚合结构易于词化, 它们最易为词典收为条关键词 : 聚合结构词语化词典收条 The Lexicalization of Polymerization structure and Its Reception for the Dictionary Zhou Jian Abstract:Polymerization structure is composed of several characters (morphemes;words) whose functions and meanings close to each other but not linked side by side. Chinese polymerization structure is usually constructed by four characters;of course,there are more than four words and by the five words,seven words;or less than four words and by the three words, double words,etc. The four-word structure is easy to be phrased,and the double-word structure is easy to be worded. They are most likely to generate revenue for the dictionaries. Key words:polymerization structure,lexicalization,dictionary reception 修辞性改笔与语篇协同以史记引录尚书左传史料的改笔为例池昌海 1 林志永 2 (1 浙江学汉语史研究中杭州 ;2 朝鲜学中国语化系, 韩国光州 ) 提要 : 史记记录先秦的事实, 很多来自更古的献典籍作者在引录先秦典籍史料时并非简单照录, 是作了多角度的加修改, 其中, 出于语篇协同需要作的修辞性改笔很有特史记史料引录改笔修辞与语篇协同主要体现为语境适应衔接匹配语体协调这三个面关键词 : 史记修辞改笔语篇协同 On Rhetorical Modification and Discourse Coordination Chi Changhai,Lin Zhiyong Abstract:Shiji is supposed to record the history of Pre-qin Dynasty. Quite a few materials are cited from earlier documents and works. Instead of direction citation,the author made modification from various perspectives. Among them, the rhetorical modification made to satisfy discourse coordination is very distinctive. This modification can be further classified into three subtypes: context adaptation,cohesion matching and style coordination. Keywords: shiji,rhetorical modification,discourse coordination

4 论语英译语篇介资源的修辞劝说功能鞠梅 ( 曲师范学外国语学院, 东曲 ) 提要 : 本以论语的 Arthur Waley 译本和刘殿爵译本为研究对象, 利用语料库的法, 分析译语篇评价系统之介资源作为种语和超语资源是如何帮助译者再现论语语篇的修辞性以及实现本的修辞劝说功能的, 同时也尝试发现不同译者在评价系统之介资源的使用上是否存在共性与差异性研究发现, 介资源是帮助译者实现语篇修辞劝说功能的重要资源, 这些资源的使用有助于观点的表达与同盟的结成, 形成了强的修辞权威, 实现了孔对其弟的劝说与教诲目的两译本在介资源的使用上表现出较多的共性和定的差异性差异性主要表现在 Waley 译的介资源使用总量多于刘殿爵译, 两者在使用频率最的介资源上不同, 刘殿爵译使用频率最的是自之命题陈述资源, Waley 译使用频率最的是借之话语紧缩资源, 其可能的原因, 与译者不同的社会化背景和译者风格有或多或少的关系 ; 共性主要表现在除了使用频率最的资源有所不同以外, 其他资源的使用显著差异并且, 介资源在两种译语篇中都发挥了重要的修辞说服功能, 是种有效的修辞段关键词 : 论语英译语篇基于语料库的分析介资源修辞劝说 A Corpus-based Study of the Rhetorical Function of Engagement Resources in the Translated Texts of The Analects Ju Yumei Abstract: This paper makes a corpus-based study of the engagement resources of the appraisal system in the English translated texts of The Analects by Arthur Waley and D. C. Lau. Our purposes are to discover how the engagement resources as linguistic and supra-linguistic resources help the translators to display the rhetoricity of the original text and how they help to achieve the purpose of rhetorical persuasion in the translated texts. We also attempt to find out the similarities and differences of the two translated texts concerning the use of engagement resources. The results of the study show that both of the two translated texts make full use of the engagement resources as an effective way to express the philosophical thought of Confucius and make alignment with his disciples and thus achieve persuasion. There are some similarities and differences between the two translated texts. The differences lie in that there are more uses of the engagement resources in Waley s translation than in D. C. Lau s,and concerning the most frequently used sub-category, proposition of monogloss is most frequently used in D. C. Lau s translation while contract of heterogloss is most frequently used in Waley s translation. The possible reasons may be related to their different cultural backgrounds and different styles of translation. The similarities include that except the differences in the most frequently used sub-category,the other sub-categories are used similarly in the two translations and the more important similarity is that they are effective in helping to achieve the rhetorical function of persuasion in the translated texts. Key words: the English translated texts of The Analects;corpus-based analysis;engagement resources;rhetorical persuasion

5 略论米歇尔梅耶双重三位体的修辞观史忠义 1 向征 2 (1 中国社会科学院外所, 北京 ;2 西安外国语学法学院, 西安 ) 提要 : 论介绍了梅耶的修辞定义, 梅耶关于性情逻各斯和感情三位体的修辞学观念和法论, 关于问题学哲学新修辞思想和历史性视野三位体的总体思想和法论, 并用修辞学的三位体阐释翻译为, 分析翻译中形与意的关系关键词 : 修辞的定义性情逻各斯感情问题学历史性修辞学翻译为的修辞学 On M. Meyer s Dual Trinitarian Views on Rhetoric Shi Zhongyi, Xiang Zheng Abstract: This essay is designed to first introduce Meyer s definition of rhetoric, his Trinitarianrhetoric views and methodology of ethos,logos and pathos,his Trinitarian problematics and methodology of problemology,new rhetoric ideas and historic perspective,and then apply the rhetoric Trinity into the illustration of translation actions,focusing on the relationship between the form and the meaning in translation. Key words: definition of rhetoric, ethos, logos, pathos, problemology, historicality, rhetoric,rhetoric of translation actions 修辞运作的锚现象与修辞学的重要特征邓志勇 ( 上海学外国语学院, 上海 ) 提要 : 锚现象是修辞运作的重要特征, 是指修辞者为了劝说听众 / 读者接受其观点主张信念, 将之锚定于修辞者认为听众 / 读者可能会接受认可或赞同的事物上, 从撬动其对自的观点主张信念的支持或认同本首先界定了锚现象, 指出了它的表现形式及理运作机制, 然后顺着其蕴含的意义, 论述了修辞学的个重要特征, 并驳斥了修辞学是诡辩的说法关键词 : 锚锚现象修辞学重要特征亚里多德听众 / 读者理机制 Anchoring in Rhetorical Operation and Important features of Rhetoric Deng Zhiyong Abstract: Anchoring,an important rhetorical feature,refers to the speaker s strategy of yoking what he intends to persuade the audience to accept or believe on what he thinks his audience may already accepts or believes. The paper first defines the notion of anchoring, pointing out its formal manifestations and psychological mechanism,then,starting from its implications,discusses some important features of rhetoric,and finally refutes the view of rhetoric as sophistry. Key words: anchor,anchoring,rhetoric,important features,aristotle,reader,metal mechanism

6 图像介语篇后这的指向及功能变化朱伟 ( 复旦学中系, 上海 ) 提要 : 媒介和传播式的发展使得图像和语篇的关系日趋紧密, 也为语体研究提供了新的对象本以微信朋友圈的图社交语篇为样本, 先从传介式变量角度将图像定性为种模拟实示段, 并考察了交互性变量对模拟实示的利用对这的现场指的种种影响接着从语活动层面分析微信朋友圈图社交的语体特征从语篇层面分析了语指示图像的两个层次及图像介语篇的两种位置关系最后从和话语指相关的指向诱发话轮转换先语义制约图像的强化三个面考察了微观层面现场指这的指向及功能变化关键词 : 这现场指语体变量实示交互模拟微信朋友圈 The Changes on The Direction and Function of zhe(this) with The Intervention from Image to Discourse Zhu Yuwei Abstract:With the development of media technology and mode of transmission, the relationship between Image and discourse becomes more closely. Based on the WeChat Moments, firstly, we take image as method of imitative demonstration from the point of intermediary variate and explore the interactive variate how to apply the imitative demonstration and how to exert its influence.then We maked an assay of the stylistic features of WeChat Moments in respect of speech act and maked another assay of the spatial relationship between image and discourse, the two phases of indication. Finally, we hunte after The changes on the function and form of zhe( this) from the point of discourse deixis, the eliciting of turn-taking, the reinforcing of the relationship between image and semantics. Key words: Zhe (this),spot indication,stylistic variate,demonstration,interaction, imitative,wechat Moments 外来词本化过程的微观考察外来词粉丝个案研究党静鹏 ( 北京第外国语学院学院, 北京市 ; 中国社会科学院研究院语字应用系, 北京市 ) 提要 : 外来词从进汉语到最终融汉语词汇系统是个动态过程, 这过程可被称为本化外来词本化过程的轨迹和机制是外来词研究应关注的重要问题本对外来词粉丝进个案研究, 是外来词本化过程研究的次尝试本将粉丝的本化过程划分为三个阶段, 并重点对其本化过程中与汉语固有表达形式 X 迷之间的竞争进分析, 在此基础上, 进步探讨粉丝成功融汉语的原因关键词 : 外来词粉丝本化过程

7 A Microscopic Study on the Localization process of Loanwords a case study of the loanword 粉丝 (fans) Dang Jingpeng Abstract:Lexical borrowing is a dynamic process in which lexical items are borrowed from source language to recipient language,and eventually integrated into full-fledged native words. This process can be called localization process which is an important issue that should be paid attention to in the study of loanwords. This paper is a case study of the loanword fensi (fans). The localization process of fensi is divided into three stages,andthe competition during the process between fensi and Chinese native words referring to thesame concept,in particular X mi ( fans), is analyzed. This paper further explores the reasonfor the integration of fensi into Chinese. Key words:loanwords, fensi (fans),localization,process 种新兴的三项式差比句李平 ( 哈尔滨师范学学院, 哈尔滨 ) 提要 : X 比 Y 差 / 好 N 个 Z 是种新兴的三项式差比句这种新兴的差比句与原型差比句的主要区别在于, 比较主体与比较对象之间的差异用数量词组 + 专有名词形式引同范畴的第三者来居中衡量此类差比句实际上是借助差比构式给出了对三者优劣程度的主观评价 X>Z N>Y X<Z N<Y 来自于 X>Z Z>Y 的构式整合在语义上, 三项式差比句运用比拟和夸张的段, 用 N 个 Z 突显 X Y 之间的差量之, 进突显比较主体的优劣程度, 是种表示显著递升或递降级差的主观比较, 其内在形成机理与补语是汉语中的个显赫范畴有关三项式差比句在语用上的特征体现为信息量的突显主观性及交互主观性的表达, 整个构式还带有贬谑意味关键词 : 三项式差比主观比较显赫范畴 An Emerging Trinomial Comparative Constructions Li Jinping Abstract: X bi Y cha/hao N ge Z is an emerging trinomial comparative constructions. The main difference between this emerging comparative constructions and the prototypical comparative constructions is that the difference between the comparative subject and object is measured by a third party introduced into the same category through the form of Number- classifier Phrases + Proper Names. In fact,the emerging comparative constructions expresses the subjective evaluation of the degree of merits of the three with this comparative construction. X>Z N>Y,X<Z N<Y is derived from the integration of X>Z and Z>Y From the perspetive of Semantics,with analogy and exaggeration,the emerging compar a tive constructions highlight the huge gap by N ge Z and then highlight the degree of merits of the comparative subject. This comparison is an subjective comparision that expresses differential in ascending or descending significantly,and its forming mechanism has a relation to that complement is one of Chinese mighty category. The pragmatic features of trinomial comparative sentence are highlighting information quantity, expressing the subjectivity and intersubjectivity and its derogatory senses. Key words:trinomial comparison,subjective comparison,mighty category

致谢本人自 2008 年 6 月从上海外国语大学毕业之后, 于 2010 年 3 月再次进入上外, 非常有幸成为汉语国际教育专业的研究生回顾三年以来的学习和生活, 顿时感觉这段时间也

致谢本人自 2008 年 6 月从上海外国语大学毕业之后, 于 2010 年 3 月再次进入上外, 非常有幸成为汉语国际教育专业的研究生回顾三年以来的学习和生活, 顿时感觉这段时间也精英汉语和新实用汉语课本的对比研究 The Comparative Study of Jing Ying Chinese and The New Practical Chinese Textbook 专业 : 届别 : 姓名 : 导师 : 汉语国际教育 2013 届王泉玲杨金华 1 致谢本人自 2008 年 6 月从上海外