J2ME.PDF

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1 J2ME..1 J2ME 1 CLDC...3 MIDP..11 KJava MIDP for Palm OS..15 MIDP...16 MIDP.. 16 MIDlet MIDlet Hello World MIDlet..26 MIDP 30 MIDP..30 MIDP..32 MIDP..43 MIDP MIDP MIDP 76 (Record Management System)...76 (kxml)..88

2 J2ME J2ME J2ME Java 2 J2EE(Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition)J2SE(Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition)J2ME(Java 2 Micro Edition) ( ) J2EE Java (class library) Servelet/JSP javax.servlet.* Enterprise Java Beanjavax.ejb.* J2EE (server-side) J2SE Java Java Java (client-side) J2ME javax.microedition.io.* Java 2 1

3 J2ME Configuration Profile Configuration Configuration Profile Configuration Profile PDA Profile Configuration Profile MIDP(Mobile Information Device Profile) MIDP CLDC(Connected Limit Device Configuration) Configuration CLDC MIDP J2ME 2

4 CLDC J2ME Configuration Profile CLDC CLDC (Class Libraries) J2ME Configuration CLDC CDC(Connected Device Configuration)J2ME J2ME (PDA ) ( ) CLDC CDC CDC CLDC ROM RAM 512KB ROM 160KB 512KB 256KB RAM Java CDC CLDC CDC CLDC CDC CLDC Java CLDC java.lang.* java.io.* java.util.* javax.microedition.io.* CDC CLDC 3

5 J2ME CDC CLDC (Virtual Machine) CDC CVM(C Virtual Machine) CLDC KVM(K Virtual Machine)CVM CVM 32 (Center Process Unit, CPU) KVM KVM KB PDA CLDC J2SE java.lang.*java.io.*java.util.* (Package) CLDC ( javax.microedition.io.* ) CLDC MIDP MIDP CLDC CLDC Profiles MIDP 4

6 5 (class) java.lang ()java.lang (import) (Data Type) (Boolean) (Byte) (Character) (Integer) (Float) (Doubt) java.lang (Exception) IndexOutOfBoundExceptionNullPointerException java.lang.object +--java.lang.boolean +--java.lang.byte +--java.lang.character +--java.lang.class +--java.lang.integer +--java.lang.long +--java.lang.math +--java.lang.runtime +--java.lang.short +--java.lang.string +--java.lang.stringbuffer +--java.lang.system +--java.lang.thread(implements java.lang.runnable) +--java.lang.throwable +--java.lang.error +--java.lang.virtualmachineerror +--java.lang.outofmemoryerror +--java.lang.exception +--java.lang.classnotfoundexception +--java.lang.illegaccessexception +--java.lang.instantiationexception +--java.lang.interruptedexception +--java.lang.runtimeexception +--java.lang.arithmeticexception +--java.lang.arraystoreexception +--java.lang.classcastexception +--java.lang.illegalargumentexception +--java.lang.illegalthreadstateexception

7 +--java.lang.numberformatexception +--java.lang.illegalmonitorstateexception +--java.lang.illegalstateexception +--java.lang.indexoutofboundexception +--java.lang.arrayindexoutofboundsexception +--java.lang.stringindexoutofboundsexception +--java.lang.negativearraysizeexception +--java.lang.nullpointerexception +--java.lang.securityexception java.lang 6

8 java.io ()java.io DataInputStream DataOutputStream java.lang.object +--java.io.inputstream +--java.io.bytearrayinputstream +--java.io.datainputstream (implements java.io.datainput) +--java.io.outputstream +--java.io.bytearrayoutputstream +--java.io.dataoutputstream (implements java.io.dataoutput) +--java.io.printstream +--java.io.reader +--java.io.inputstreamreader +--java.lang.throwable +--java.lang.exception +--java.io.ioexception +--java.io.eofexception +--java.io.interruptedioexception +--java.io.unsupportedencodingexception +--java.io.utfdataformatexception +--java.io.writer +--java.io.outputstreamwriter java.io 7

9 java.lang java.io java.util java.util java.util (Random) (Calendar) (Stack) java.lang.object +--java.util.calendar +--java.util.date +--java.util.hashtable +--java.util.random +--java.lang.throwable +--java.lang.exception +--java.util.runtimeexception +--java.util.emptystackexception +--java.util.nosuchelementexception +--java.util.timer +--java.util.timertask (implements java.lang.runnable) +--java.util.timezone +--java.util.vector +--java.util.stack java.util 8

10 J2SE javax.microedition.io() javax x extension( ) microedition J2ME Micro Edition J2SE J2EE javax.micoredition.io.connector java.lang.object +--javax.microedition.io.connector +--java.lang.throwable +--java.lang.exception +--java.io.ioexception +--javax.microedition.io.connectionnotfoundexception javax.microedition.io J2SE J2EE J2ME CLDC GCF(Generic Connection Framework) Profiles(MIDP) Connector.open( <protocol>;<address>;<parameters> ); javax.microedition.io.connector javax.microedition.io.connection (interface) javax.microedition.io.connection CLDC (interface) InputConnection OutputConnection (Protocol) GCF CLDC MIDP 9

11 CLDC 10

12 MIDP MIDP Profile MIDP : 1. : 128K (ROM) MIDP 8K (ROM) 32K (RAM) 2. : : : 1-bit (white and black) : 1:1 3. : : 4. : MIDP 11

13 MIDP MIDlet MIDlet javax.microedition.midlet MIDlet MIDlet MIDlet MIDlet suites MIDlet () : MIDP (Paused) : MIDlet startapp() MIDlet pauseapp() MIDlet (Active) : startapp() MIDlet (Destroyed) :MIDlet destroyapp()notifydestroyed() MIDlet MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDP (package) javax.microedition.midlet javax.microedition.rms javax.microedition.lcdui 12

14 javax.microedition.midlet() javax.microedition.midlet.midlet MIDlet MIDlet java.lang.object +--javax.microedition.midlet.midlet +--java.lang.throwable +--java.lang.exception +--javax.microedition.midlet.midletstatechangeexception javax.microedition.midlet javax.microedition.rms() javax.micoredition.rms java.lang.object +--javax.microedition.rms.recordstore +--java.lang.throwable +--java.java.exception +--javax.microedition.rms.recordstoreexception +--javax.microedition.rms.invalidrecordidexception +--javax.microedition.rms.recordstorefullexception +--javax.microedition.rms.recordstorenotfoundexception +--javax.microedition.rms.recordstorenotopenexception javax.microedition.rms 13

15 javax.microedition.lcdui() javax.microedition.lcdui (Text Field) (MIDP Command) (Alert) Ticker Ticker Ticker Java.lang.Object +--javax.microedition.lcdui.alerttype +--javax.microedition.lcdui.command +--javax.microedition.lcdui.display +--javax.microedition.lcdui.displayable +--javax.microedition.lcdui.canvas +--javax.microedition.lcdui.screen +--javax.microedition.lcdui.alert +--javax.microedition.lcdui.form +--javax.microedition.lcdui.list (implements javax.microedition.lcdui.choice) +--javax.microedition.lcdui.textbox +--javax.microedition.lcdui.font +--javax.microedition.lcdui.graphics +--javax.microedition.lcdui.image +--javax.microedition.lcdui.item +--javax.microedition.lcdui.choicegroup (implements javax.microedition.lcdui.choice) +--javax.microedition.lcdui.datafield +--javax.microedition.lcdui.gauge +--javax.microedition.lcdui.imageitem +--javax.microedition.lcdui.stringitem +--javax.microedition.lcdui.textfield +--javax.microedition.lcdui.ticker javax.microedition.lcdui MIDP MIDP 14

16 KJava MIDP for Palm OS MIDP Java Palm OS KJavaKJava Palm OS Configuration Profile KJava Profile KJava Palm OS (Virtual Machine, VM) KVM 68KB K KVMKJava Palm OS MIDP MIDP Palm OS PDA Java Java (Write Once, Run Anywhere) MIDP for Palm OS MIDP for Palm OS Palm OS Java (Runtime Environment) MIDP Palm OS MIDP KJava MIDP for Palm OS MIDlet(MIDP )Palm OS (User Interface) Palm OS MIDP for Palm OS MIDP for Palm OS 1.0 MIDP for Palm OS 15

17 MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDlet Hello World MIDlet MIDlet MIDlet MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDP Borland JBuilder MobileSet IBM WebSphere Studio Device Developer ( J9) Metrowerks Code Warrior for Java SUN J2ME Wireless Toolkit... MIDP SUN SUN MIDP SUN J2ME Wireless Toolkit J2ME Wireless Toolkit Borland MobileSet IBM WebSphere Studio Device Developer Metrowerks Code Warrior for Java J2ME Wireless Toolkit JDK JDK ( ) J2ME Wireless Toolkit( ) J2ME Wireless Toolkit

18 J2ME Wireless Toolkit

19 18

20 19

21 2.1.3 J2ME Wireless Toolkit J2ME Wireless Toolkit KToolBar [ ] -> [ ] -> [J2ME Wireless Toolkit 1.0.3] -> [KToolBar] KToolBar [Open Project ] Project J2ME Wireless Toolkit SUN 20

22 Device Run MIDlet MIDlet Device [New Project ] 21

23 Project MIDlet class Create Project MIDlet ( ) MIDlet [OK] MIDlet 22

24 J2ME wireless Toolkit \apps\helloworld J2ME wireless Toolkit apps\ HelloWorld\src J2ME wireless Toolkit apps\ HelloWorld\res J2ME wireless Toolkit apps\ HelloWorld\lib MIDlet MIDlet MIDlet J2SE Applet Applet java.applet MIDlet javax.microedition.midlet.midlet Applet init()start() paint()stop()destroy()midlet startapp() pauseapp() destroyapp() 23

25 MIDlet // import javax.microedition.midlet import javax.microedition.midlet.*; public class HelloWorld extends MIDlet { public HelloWorld() { // javax.microedition.midlet. MIDlet // public void startapp() { // public void pauseapp() { // public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { // MIDlet MIDlet ActivePausedDestroyed MIDlet MIDlet startapp()pauseapp()destroyapp() MIDlet Application Managemnet Software (AMS) AMS MIDlet Paused startapp() MIDlet Active AMS MIDlet MIDlet pauseapp() MIDlet PAused 24

26 AMS MIDlet MIDlet destroyapp() MIDlet Destroyed MIDlet MIDlet MIDlet startapp() (Display) (Display) Display.getDisplay(this) display.setcurrent(displayable d) MIDlet // import javax.microedition.midlet import javax.microedition.midlet.*; // javax.microedition.midlet. MIDlet 25

27 public class HelloWorld extends MIDlet { private Display display; public HelloWorld() { //. // (Display) display = Display.getDisplay(this);. public void startapp() { //. // TextBox t = new TextBox(.); // display.setcurrent(t);. public void pauseapp() { // public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { // MIDlet Hello World MIDlet MIDlet HelloWorld.java HelloWorld src J2ME Wireless Toolkit KToolBar HelloWorld 26

28 HelloWorld [Build] HelloWorld MIDlet [Run] J2ME Wireless Toolkit MIDlet 27

29 28

30 29

31 MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDP MIDP PDA CPU J2SE J2EE AWT SWING J2ME MIDP MIDP javax.microedition.lcdui MIDP 30

32 Screen MIDP Canvas Graphics MIDP MIDP (Event Handling) MIDP KVM ( ) MIDP 31

33 3.2.3 MIDP MIDP Canvas Screen MIDP Displayable Display MIDP Displayable Displayable Displayable Screen (AlertListand TextBox) Screen Screen Screen Screen (Form)Form 32

34 Item Canvas Screen Canvas Canvas Canvas Displayable Displayable void addcommand(command cmd) boolean isshown() Command Displayable Displayable void removecommand(command cmd) Command Displayable void setcommandlistener(commandlistener l) Displayable CommandListener Display Display MIDlet Displayable Display Displayable Display ( ) Displayable Display Display getdisplay() MIDlet Display Display void callserially(runnable r) 33

35 Displayable getcurrent() static Display getdisplay(midlet m) Runnable run() repaint() Displayable MIDlet Display boolean iscolor() int numcolors() iscolor() true iscolor() false void setcurrent(alert alert, Displayable nextdisplayable) Displayable Alert Alart Displayable void setcurrent(displayable nextdisplayable) Displayable Displayable Displayable Display Displayable Ticker Displayable 3 Displayable 34

36 Import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; // import public class DisplayTest extends MIDlet { private Display display; // Display private Form f1; // Displayable private Form f2; public DisplayTest() { f1 = new Form("Form 1"); // Displayable f2 = new Form("Form 2"); Ticker t= new Ticker("Display Test"); // f1.setticker(t); // Displayable f2.setticker(t); public void startapp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { display=display.getdisplay(this); // MIDlet Display display.setcurrent(f1); // Display Displayable // new Thread(new DisplayTestThread()).start(); public void pauseapp() { 35

37 public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { display=null; f1=null; f2=null; //, 3 Displayable class DisplayTestThread implements Runnable { public void run() { while(true) { try { Thread.sleep(3000); if(display.getcurrent()==f1) { else { display.setcurrent(f2); display.setcurrent(f1); catch(exception e){ Image Image Display Image Canvas AlertForm Image (immutable) (mutable) (immutable)image Image Image Image MIDP 36

38 PNG(Portable Network Graphics) GIF PNG Image.createImage(String filename) Byte Image.createImage(byte[] imagedata, int imageoffset, int imagelength) Image Image.createImage(Image source) (mutable)image Image Image Image (off-screen memory) Graphics Image Image.createImage(int width, int height) Image Image static Image createimage(byte[] imagedata, int imageoffset, int imagelength) Byte Image Static Image createimage(image source) Image Image static Image createimage(int width, int height) Image Static Image createimage(string name) Graphics getgraphics() int getheight() int getwidth() Image Image Graphics Image Image 37

39 boolean ismutable() Image Image Image PNG Image ImageItem Form import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; public class ImageTest extends MIDlet { private Display display; private Form f1; private Image img; public ImageTest() { f1 = new Form("Form 1"); 38

40 img=null; try { img= Image.createImage("/coolfish.png"); // Image catch(exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); // Image ImageItem, Form // f1.append( new ImageItem("ImageView", img,imageitem.layout_center, "Image can not display")); public void startapp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { display=display.getdisplay(this); display.setcurrent(f1); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { display=null; f1=null; (event listener) (interface)midp, XXXListener(XXX Command ItemState ) addxxxlistenet XXXListener XXX XXX XXXListener XXXListener 39

41 MIDP Command ItemStateChanged CommandListener ItemStateListener( ItemStateListener ItemStateChangedListener) Displayable Command Form ItemStateChanged Command CommandListener ItemState ItemStateChangedListener 3.4.4Form Item Command Command (MenuItem, ) Command Label Type BACKCANCELHELPEXITITEMOK SCREEN STOP Priority Command Command Command(String label, int commandtype, int priority) Command 40

42 int getcommandtype() String getlabel() Int getpriority() Type Label Priority Displayable addcommand(command cmd) Command removecommand(command cmd) Command CommandListener CommandListener Command void commandaction(command c, Displayable d) Displayable setcommandlistener(commandlistener cl) CommandListener Command CommandListener Form Replace CommandCommand 41

43 import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; // CommandListener public class EventHandlingTest extends MIDlet implements CommandListener{ private Display display; // Command private Command replacecommand; private Form f1, f2; public EventHandlingTest() { replacecommand= new Command("Replace",Command.OK,1); display=display.getdisplay(this); s1 = new Form("Form1"); f1.addcommand(replacecommand); // Command f1.setcommandlistener(this); // Command f2 = new Form("Form2"); // Command f2.addcommand(replacecommand); f2.setcommandlistener(this); // Command public void startapp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { 42

44 display.setcurrent(s1); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { f1=null; f2=null; display=null; //, Replace Command Form public void commandaction(command c,displayable d) { if(d==f1 && c==replacecommand) { display.setcurrent(f2); System.out.println("Replace from Form 1"); else if(d==f2 && c==replacecommand) { display.setcurrent(f1); System.out.println("replace from screen 2"); MIDP List List Screen Choice List Choice Choice Choice.EXCLUSIVE List (Radio Button) Choice.MULTIPLE List (Check Box) 43

45 Choice. IMPLICIT List Choice.EXCLUSIVE Choice. IMPLICIT List Command CommandListener commandaction() Choice.EXCLUSIVE Choice.MULTIPLE List Command List List List(String title, int listtype) List List(String title, int listtype, String[] stringelements, Image[] imageelements[]) String List Image int append(string stringpart, Image imagepart) List void delete(int elementnm) elementnm int getselectedindex() Index void insert(int elementnum, String stringpart, Image imagepart) List elementnum boolean isselected(int elementnum) List elementnum List Implicit List(List Demo) Exclusive List Multiple List Exclusive List Exclusive List Multiple List Multiple List Exclusive List Multiple List Back Command List Demo 44

46 Exclusive List Back Multiple List Back import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; 45

47 public class ListTest extends MIDlet implements CommandListener{ private Display display; private Command cmd_back = new Command("Back", Command.BACK,1); // List private List menu; private List exclusive_list; private List multiple_list; public ListTest() { // IMPLICIT LIST menu = new List("List Demo", List.IMPLICIT); menu.append("exclusive List", null); menu.append("multiple List", null); // addcommand menu.setcommandlistener(this); // EXCLUSIVE LIST exclusive_list = new List("Exclusive List", List.EXCLUSIVE); exclusive_list.append("item1", null); exclusive_list.append("item2", null); // addcommand exclusive_list.addcommand(cmd_back); exclusive_list.setcommandlistener(this); // MULTIPLE LIST multiple_list = new List("Multiple List", List.EXCLUSIVE); multiple_list.append("item1", null); multiple_list.append("item2", null); // addcommand multiple_list.addcommand(cmd_back); multiple_list.setcommandlistener(this); display=display.getdisplay(this); public void startapp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { display.setcurrent(menu); 46

48 public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { menu=null; exclusive_list=null; multiple_list=null; display=null; public void commandaction(command c,displayable d) { // IMPLICIT LIST Command if(d == menu && c == List.SELECT_COMMAND) { switch(menu.getselectedindex()){ case 0: case 1: default: display.setcurrent(exclusive_list); break; display.setcurrent(multiple_list); break; // EXCLUSIVE LISTMULTIPLE LIST Command else if(c==cmd_back) { display.setcurrent(menu); TextBox TextBox TextField 47

49 TextField.ANY TextField. ADDR TextField.NUMERIC TextField.PHONENUMBER TextField.URL URL TextField.PASSWORD TextBox TextBox TextBox(String title, String text, int maxsize, int constraints) TextBoxtext maxsize constraints void delete(int offset, int length) TextBox int getcaretposition() int getchars(char[] data) TextBox char int getconstraints() int getmaxsize0 String getstring() TextBox TextBox TextBox void insert(string src, int position) TextBox 48

50 int size() TextBox TextBox Password TextBox Alert import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; public class TextBoxTest extends MIDlet implements CommandListener{ private Display display; private Command cmd_ok = new Command("OK", Command.OK,1); private Command cmd_back = new Command("Back", Command.BACK,1); private List menu; private TextBox passwordbox1; 49

51 private TextBox passwordbox2; private String str1, str2; public TextBoxTest() { menu = new List("TextBox Demo", List.IMPLICIT); menu.append("1st Password", null); menu.append("2nd Password", null); menu.setcommandlistener(this); passwordbox1 = new TextBox("1st Password", "", 10, TextField.PASSWORD); passwordbox1.addcommand(cmd_ok); passwordbox1.addcommand(cmd_back); passwordbox1.setcommandlistener(this); passwordbox2 = new TextBox("2st Password", "", 10, TextField.PASSWORD); passwordbox2.addcommand(cmd_ok); passwordbox2.addcommand(cmd_back); passwordbox2.setcommandlistener(this); display=display.getdisplay(this); public void startapp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { display.setcurrent(menu); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { menu=null; passwordbox1=null; passwordbox2=null; display=null; 50

52 public void commandaction(command c,displayable d) { if(d == menu && c == List.SELECT_COMMAND) { switch(menu.getselectedindex()){ case 0: display.setcurrent(passwordbox1); break; case 1: display.setcurrent(passwordbox2); break; default: else if (d == passwordbox1 && c == cmd_ok) { str1 = passwordbox1.getstring(); display.setcurrent(menu); else if (d == passwordbox2 && c == cmd_ok) { str2 = passwordbox2.getstring(); display.setcurrent(menu); else if(c == cmd_back) { display.setcurrent(menu); Alert Alert Displayable Display setcurretn() Alert Alert Alert MIDlet Alert settimeout() Alert.FOREVER settimeout(alert.forever) Alert 51

53 AlertType Alert Alert AlertType.ALARM AlertType.CONFIRMATION AlertType.ERROR AlertType.INFO AlertType.WARNING Alert TextBox Alert Right Alert Wrong Alert 52

54 import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; public class AlertTest extends MIDlet implements CommandListener{ private Display display; private Command cmd_ok = new Command("OK", Command.OK,1); private Command cmd_back = new Command("Back", Command.BACK,1); private List menu; private TextBox passwordbox1; private TextBox passwordbox2; private String str1, str2; public AlertTest() { menu = new List("TextBox Demo", List.IMPLICIT); menu.append("1st Password", null); menu.append("2nd Password", null); menu.setcommandlistener(this); passwordbox1 = new TextBox("1st Password", "", 10, TextField.PASSWORD); passwordbox1.addcommand(cmd_ok); passwordbox1.addcommand(cmd_back); passwordbox1.setcommandlistener(this); passwordbox2 = new TextBox("2st Password", "", 10, TextField.PASSWORD); passwordbox2.addcommand(cmd_ok); passwordbox2.addcommand(cmd_back); passwordbox2.setcommandlistener(this); display=display.getdisplay(this); public void startapp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { display.setcurrent(menu); 53

55 public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { menu=null; passwordbox1=null; passwordbox2=null; display=null; public void commandaction(command c,displayable d) { if(d == menu && c == List.SELECT_COMMAND) { switch(menu.getselectedindex()){ case 0: display.setcurrent(passwordbox1); break; case 1: display.setcurrent(passwordbox2); break; default: else if (d == passwordbox1 && c == cmd_ok) { str1 = passwordbox1.getstring(); display.setcurrent(menu); else if (d == passwordbox2 && c == cmd_ok) { str2 = passwordbox2.getstring(); if(str1.equals(str2)) { else{ // Alert Alert rightalert = new Alert("Result", "Right", null, AlertType.INFO); // Alert menu display.setcurrent(rightalert, menu); 54

56 // Alert Alert wrongalert = new Alert("Result", "Wrong", null, AlertType.ERROR); // Alert Alert.FOREVER wrongalert.settimeout(alert.forever); // Alert display.setcurrent(wrongalert); else if(c == cmd_back) { display.setcurrent(menu); Form Item Form Form Item StringItemImageItem ChoiceGroupTextFieldGaugeDateField Form List TextBox Form MIDP Item Form Form Form Command Form ItemStateChanged ItemStateListener Form Item ItemStateChanged ItemStateListener itemstatechanged(item item) Item 55

57 StringItem ImageItem Label ChoiceGroupList TextFieldTextBox Gauge Progress Bar Gauge Gauge Gauge Gauge setvalue() import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; // Form public class GaugeTest extends MIDlet implements ItemStateListener { private Display display; private Form form1; 56

58 // Gauge private Gauge gauge1, gauge2; public GaugeTest() { form1 = new Form("Gauge Test"); // Gauge gauge1 = new Gauge("Gauge 1", false, 10, 4); gauge2 = new Gauge("Gauge 2", true, 10, 4); form1.append(gauge1); form1.append(gauge2); form1.setitemstatelistener(this); display=display.getdisplay(this); public void startapp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { display.setcurrent(form1); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { form1=null; gauge1=null; gauge2=null; display=null; // Form public void itemstatechanged(item item) { if(((gauge)item).getlabel().equals("gauge 2")) gauge1.setvalue(((gauge)item).getvalue()); 57

59 DateField 58

60 4.1.1 MIDP MIDP MIDP CLDC (Generic Connection FrameworkGCF) ( )MIDP HTTP IP TCP/IP WAPi-mode ( ) client-server datagram MIDP MIDlets MIDP HTTP1.1 GCF Connector 59

61 (static) open() open() : static Connection open(string name) throws IOException static Connection open(string name, int mode) throws IOException static Connection open(string name, int mode, boolean timeouts) throw IOException : HTTP Socket socket:// Datagram datagram://:9000 File file:/test.txt Port comm:0;baudrate=9600 MIDP MIDP HTTP HTTP mode Connector READ? WRITE READ_WRITE timeouts (exception) true false 60

62 Connector javax.microedition.io : Connection : ContentConnection : (stream) DatagramConnection : (datagram) InputConnection : (input) OutputConnection : (output) StreamConnection : (two-way) StreamConnectionNotifier : stream GCF CLDC GCF Profile MIDP API MIDlets MIDP API HttpConnection GCF HTTP MIDlets Sun J2ME Wireless Tool Kit HTTP Motorola SDK for J2ME CodeWarriorforJava MIDP I/O Connector I/O I/O java.io : 61

63 ByteArrayInputStream : byte ByteArrayOutputStream : byte DataInputStream : Java DataOutputStream : Java InputStream : OutputStream : InputStreamReader : (character) OutputStreamWriter : (character) PrintStream : Reader : (abstract) Writer : (abstract) J2SE I/O InputStream OutputStream InputStream InputStream MIDP InputStream read() InputStream I/O (blocking) HTTP InputStream InputStream : read() 62

64 read(byte a[]) read(byte a[], int off, int len) InputStream byte -1 char bytes bytes byte -1 bytes bytes bytes skip(long n) byte bytes long bytes -1 available() bytes (blocking) bytes read() mark(int readlimit) reset() marksupported() mark() reset() mark() 0 marksupported() mark reset close() close() InputStream 63

65 OutputStream OutputStream InputStream OutputStream MIDP OutputStream write() InputStream OutputStream OutputStream : write(int a) write(byte a[]) write(byte a[], int off, int len) InputStream read() OutputStream bytes byte bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes flush() OutputStream close() close() OutputStream MIDP Sockets Socket socket J2ME socket client/server socket SMTP POP3 64

66 J2ME socket socket CLDC InputConnection InputStream OutputConnection OutputStream : 1. Connector.open() socket Connector.open( socket : // :800 ) 2. InputStream OutputStream 3. socket import javax.microedition.io.*; import java.io.*; String connectstring = "socket:// :800"; OutputConnection sc = null; DataOutputStream dos = null; try{ sc = (OutputConnection) Connector.open(socketUrlString); dos = sc.opendataoutputstream(); catch (IOException e){ System.err.println("IOException caught:" + e) finally{ try { if (dos!= null ) dos.close(); catch (IOException ignored) { try { if ( sc!= null ) sc.close(); catch (IOException ignored) { 65

67 4.2.2 Datagrams Datagram datagram (packet-based) (stream-based) datagram circuit-switched Datagram UDP ( port ) datagram UDP FTP : 1. UDP UDP 2. UDP 3. socket UDP packet-switched 66

68 MIDlet datagram : 1. datagram 2. datagram 3. datagram 4. datagram 5. datagram 6. datagram import javax.microedition.io.*; import java.io.*; import java.lang.*; String destaddr = "datagram:// :9000"; String messagestring = "REQUEST INFO"; DatagramConnection datagramconnection = null; try { datagramconnection=(datagramconnection) Connector.open("datagram://:9000"); int length = messagestring.length(); byte[] messagebytes = new byte[length]; System.arraycopy(messageString.getBytes(), 0, messagebytes, 0, length); Datagram senddatagram = datagramconnection.newdatagram(messagebytes, length, destaddr); datagramconnection.send(senddatagram); receivedatagram = datagramconnection.newdatagram(datagramconnection.getmaximumlength( )); datagramconnection.receive(receivedatagram); 67

69 catch (IOException e) { System.err.println("IOException Caught:" + e); finally { try { if (dc!= null) dc.close(); catch (Exception ignored) { HTTP HTTP request-response HTTP HttpConnection HttpConnection HTTP HttpConnection : 1. MIDP socket datagram MIDP HTTP 2. socket datagram 3. MIDP HttpConnection 4. HTTP XMLHTTP 68

70 port 80 port : request headermidp setrequestmethod()setrequestproperty() getrequestmethod()getrequestproperty() open() InputStream OutputStream : HttpConnection c = (HttpConnection)Connector.open(); InputStream is = c.openinputstream(); c.close(); hello.txt Hi! Hello! import javax.microedition.midlet.*; 69

71 import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import java.io.*; public class Httpexample extends MIDlet implements CommandListener { private static String defaulturl = " private Display mydisplay = null; private Form mainscreen; private TextField requestfield; private Form resultscreen; private StringItem resultfield; Command sendcommand = new Command("SEND", Command.OK, 1); Command backcommand = new Command("BACK", Command.OK, 1); public Httpexample(){ mydisplay = Display.getDisplay(this); mainscreen = new Form("Type in a URL:"); requestfield = new TextField(null, defaulturl, 100, TextField.URL); mainscreen.append(requestfield); mainscreen.addcommand(sendcommand); mainscreen.setcommandlistener(this); public void startapp() { mydisplay.setcurrent(mainscreen); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { 70

72 public void commandaction(command c, Displayable s) { if (c == sendcommand) { String urlstring = requestfield.getstring(); String resultstring = ""; try { resultstring = sendgetrequest(urlstring); catch (IOException e) { resultstring = "ERROR"; resultscreen = new Form("GET Result:"); resultfield = new StringItem(null, resultstring); resultscreen.append(resultfield); resultscreen.addcommand(backcommand); resultscreen.setcommandlistener(this); mydisplay.setcurrent(resultscreen); else if (c == backcommand) { requestfield.setstring(defaulturl); mydisplay.setcurrent(mainscreen); public String sendgetrequest(string urlstring) throws IOException { HttpConnection hc = null; DataInputStream dis = null; String message = ""; try { hc = (HttpConnection) Connector.open(urlstring); dis = new DataInputStream(hc.openInputStream()); int ch; while ((ch = dis.read())!= -1) { message = message + (char) ch; finally { if (hc!= null) hc.close(); if (dis!= null) dis.close(); return message; 71

73 [ ] Httpexample hello2.txt! wireless toolkit hello2.txt 72

74 Hi!oddman! Hi!lgz! Hi!dun! Hi!steven! Hi!tony! Hi!wonton! import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import java.io.*; public class Httpexercise extends MIDlet implements CommandListener { private static String defaulturl = " private Display mydisplay = null; private Form mainscreen; private TextField requestfield; private Form resultscreen; private StringItem resultfield; private Form showscreen; int i=0; TextBox t; StringBuffer temp = new StringBuffer(); Command sendcommand = new Command("SEND", Command.OK, 1); Command backcommand = new Command("BACK", Command.OK, 1); public Httpexercise(){ mydisplay = Display.getDisplay(this); mainscreen = new Form("Type in a URL:"); requestfield = new TextField(null, defaulturl, 100, TextField.URL); mainscreen.append(requestfield); mainscreen.addcommand(sendcommand); 73

75 mainscreen.setcommandlistener(this); public void startapp() { mydisplay.setcurrent(mainscreen); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { public void commandaction(command c, Displayable s) { if (c == sendcommand) { String urlstring = requestfield.getstring(); String resultstring = ""; try { System.out.println("*"); resultstring = sendgetrequest(urlstring); System.out.println(resultstring); catch (IOException e) { resultstring = "ERROR"; resultscreen = new Form("GET Result:"); for(i=0;i<resultstring.length();i++) { if(resultstring.charat(i)!='!') { System.out.println(resultstring.substring(i,i+1)); temp.append(resultstring.substring(i,i+1)); showscreen = new Form("GET Result:"); showscreen.append(temp.tostring()); showscreen.addcommand(backcommand); showscreen.setcommandlistener(this); mydisplay.setcurrent(showscreen); 74

76 else if (c == backcommand) { requestfield.setstring(defaulturl); mydisplay.setcurrent(mainscreen); public String sendgetrequest(string urlstring) throws IOException { HttpConnection hc = null; DataInputStream dis = null; String message = ""; try { hc = (HttpConnection) Connector.open(urlstring); dis = new DataInputStream(hc.openInputStream()); int ch; while ((ch = dis.read())!= -1) { message = message + (char) ch; finally { if (hc!= null) hc.close(); if (dis!= null) dis.close(); return message; 75

77 MIDP (Record Management System) RMS MIDlet MIDP Record Management System (RMS) RMS records record stores( ) record store MIDlet records record bytes record stores record record stores record recordid stores record record record stores recordid recordids recordid 2,147,483,647 MIDlets MIDlet suite MIDlet suite MIDlets record storesrms (locking) MIDlet suite MIDlets threads record store JAVA (synchronization) RMS record stores 76

78 5.1.2 RMS Record stores : Record store Record store records Record store Record store 32 Unicode MIDP RMS record stores record stores MIDlet suite MIDlets MIDlet suite MIDlet suite record store MIDlet suite MIDlets record store MIDlet suite MIDlet ( ) RecordStore static listrecordstores MIDlet suite record stores record storerecord store RecordStore openrecordstore record store record store boolean record store openrecordstore Record store record store ( ) : getname getnumrecords record store string record store records int 77

79 getsize record store (byte) int getsizeavailable (byte) int getnextrecordid record recordid int getversion record store 1 record (+1) int getlastmodified long record store record store record store RecordStore closerecordstore deleterecordstore record store record store record store record store record store record listeners record store MIDlet record store record RecordStoreNotOpenException Record store record store record store : 5. record record store : int id = 0; try { id = recordstore.addrecord(data,0,data.length); catch(recordstoreexception e) { System.out.println( Exception occurrence : +e); addrecord() record byte 0( ) String getbytes() byte : byte[] data = our_string.getbytes(); 78

80 record byte (index) record byte 6. record : byte[] recorddata = null; try { recorddata = recordstore.getrecord(id); catch(recordstoreexception e) { System.out.println( Exception occurrence : +e); getrecord() record ID record record store MIDlet record Ids ID (enumerate) records ID 7. record record store : int id = 0; try { id = recordstore.setrecord(recordid,data,0,data.length); catch(recordstoreexception e) { System.out.println( Exception occurrence : +e); setrecord() record addrecord() record ID record 8. record record store : try { recordstore.deleterecord(id); 79

81 catch(recordstoreexception e) { System.out.println( Exception occurrence : +e); deleterecord() record record ID record record store RMS Record store records RMS JAVA interface (filter) (search) (sort) record store : 1.RecordFilter : record matches() true false record records public class IntegerFilter implements RecordFilter { public boolean matches(byte[] candidate) throw IllegalArgumentException { return candidate[0]== I // candidate[0]== I true RecordFilter record byte I records Integer true false 2.RecordComparator : records compare() records (static value) : EQUIVALENT : records FOLLOWS : record record 80

82 PRECEDES : record record Class IntergerCompare implements RecordComparator { public int compare(byte[] r1, byte[] r2) { int i1 = r1.intvalue(); int i2 = r2.intvalue(); if(i1>i2) return RecordComparator.FOLLOWS; if(i1<i2) return RecordComparator. PRECEDES; return RecordComparator. EQUIVALENT; 3.RecordListener : record record store : recordadded : record store recordchanged : record recorddeleted : record RecordListener mylistener = new RecordListener(); RecordStore.addRecordListener(myListener); public class mylistener implements RecordListener { public void recordadded(recordstore rs, int recordid) { System.out.println( Record added! ); public void recordchanged(recordstore rs, int recordid) { System.out.println( Record changed! ); public void recorddeleted(recordstore rs, int recordid) { System.out.println( Record deleted! ); record listener record store 81

83 records 4.RecordEnumerator : record store records record store records RecordStore enumeraterecords() RecordEnumerator recordsenumeraterecords(null,null,false) (filter) RecordFilter records RecordComparator record store true false record store false RMS (overhead) RecordEnumeration records = null; try { records = recordstore.enumeraterecords(null,null,false); while(records.hasnextelement()) { int id = records.nextrecordid(); System.out.println(id); catch(exception e) { System.err.println( Exception occurrence : +e); record store records ID record RMS 82

84 Rmsexample import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import java.util.*; import java.io.*; import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.rms.*; public class Rmsexample extends MIDlet implements CommandListener { private Command exitcommand, addcommand; private Command backcommand, savecommand; private Display display; private List mainscreen; private Form taskscreen; 83

85 private DateField datefield; private TextField taskfield; private Personal db = null; private Vector taskids = new Vector(); public Rmsexample() { display = Display.getDisplay(this); exitcommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 2); addcommand = new Command("Add", Command.SCREEN, 3); backcommand = new Command("Back", Command.BACK, 3); savecommand = new Command("Save", Command.OK, 3); mainscreen = new List("Personal List", List.IMPLICIT); mainscreen.addcommand(exitcommand); mainscreen.addcommand(addcommand); mainscreen.setcommandlistener(this); taskscreen = new Form("New Task"); datefield = new DateField("", DateField.DATE); taskscreen.append(datefield); taskfield = new TextField("", "", 20, TextField.ANY); taskscreen.append(taskfield); taskscreen.addcommand(backcommand); taskscreen.addcommand(savecommand); taskscreen.setcommandlistener(this); try { db = new Personal("tasks"); catch(exception e) { System.err.println("EXCEPTION: Problem opening the database."); RecordEnumeration records = null; try { records = db.enumeratetaskrecords(); 84

86 while(records.hasnextelement()) taskids.addelement(new Integer(records.nextRecordId())); catch(exception e) { System.err.println("EXCEPTION: Problem reading the task records."); records.reset(); try { while(records.hasnextelement()) { mainscreen.append(new String(records.nextRecord()), null); catch(exception e) { System.err.println("EXCEPTION: Problem reading the task records."); public void startapp() throws MIDletStateChangeException { display.setcurrent(mainscreen); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { try { db.close(); catch(exception e) { System.err.println("EXCEPTION: Problem closing the database."); public void commandaction(command c, Displayable s) { if (c == exitcommand) { destroyapp(false); notifydestroyed(); 85

87 else if (c == addcommand) { datefield.setdate(calendar.getinstance().gettime()); taskfield.setstring(""); display.setcurrent(taskscreen); else if (c == List.SELECT_COMMAND) { int index = mainscreen.getselectedindex(); int id = ((Integer)taskIDs.elementAt(index)).intValue(); db.deletetaskrecord(id); taskids.removeelementat(index); mainscreen.delete(index); else if (c == backcommand) { display.setcurrent(mainscreen); else if (c == savecommand) { taskids.addelement(new Integer(db.addTaskRecord(taskField.getString()))); mainscreen.append("#"+taskfield.getstring(), null); display.setcurrent(mainscreen); Personal.java import javax.microedition.rms.*; import java.util.enumeration; import java.util.vector; import java.io.*; public class Personal { RecordStore recordstore = null; public Personal(String name) { try { recordstore = open(name); 86

88 catch(recordstoreexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); public RecordStore open(string filename) throws RecordStoreException { return RecordStore.openRecordStore(fileName, true); public void close() throws RecordStoreNotOpenException, RecordStoreException { if (recordstore.getnumrecords() == 0) { String filename = recordstore.getname(); recordstore.closerecordstore(); recordstore.deleterecordstore(filename); else { recordstore.closerecordstore(); public synchronized int addtaskrecord(string record) { byte[] bytes = record.getbytes(); try { return recordstore.addrecord(bytes, 0, bytes.length); catch (RecordStoreException e) { e.printstacktrace(); return -1; public synchronized void deletetaskrecord(int id) { try { recordstore.deleterecord(id); 87

89 catch (RecordStoreException e) { e.printstacktrace(); public synchronized RecordEnumeration enumeratetaskrecords() throws RecordStoreNotOpenException { return recordstore.enumeraterecords(null, null, false); (kxml) kxml XML XML XML (parser) XSL XML J2ME MIDP XML APIs XML XML MIDlet kxml kxml pull (processing state) push kxml k Applets JAVA Palm MIDP kxml : XML Namespace kdom WAP(WBXML/WML) XML 88

90 pull XML kdom kxml (entity) doctype (document type declaration) doctype kxml APIs kxml JAR Software Downloads ( )kxml XML kxml-min.zip io parser API kdom WAP API PC kxml-min.zip org META-INF src 89

91 5.2.3 XML (element) (attribute) org.kxml.parser (package) XmlParser XML ParseEvent gettype() XML : Xml.START_TAG : XML Xml.END_TAG : XML Xml.TEXT : XML Xml.COMMENT : XML Xml.DOCTYPE : XML (Document type declaration) Xml.WHITESPACE : XML Xml.END_DOCUMENT : XML Xml (field) XML ParseEvent XML : getname() : gettext() : getvalue() : getattribute() : parser : ParseEvent event = parser.read (); 90

92 switch (event.gettype ()) { case Xml.START_TAG: System.out.println("start_tag: '"+event.getname()+"'"); break; case Xml.END_TAG: System.out.println ("/end_tag: '"+event.getname()+"'"); leave = true; break; case Xml.END_DOCUMENT: System.out.println ("Document end reached!"); leave = true; break; case Xml.TEXT: System.out.println ("text: "+event.gettext()); break; case Xml.WHITESPACE: System.out.println ("ignoring whitespace"); break; default: System.out.println ("ignoring some other (legacy) event: "+event); kxml kxml XML XML Wireless Toolkit J2ME 91

93 kxml.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="big5"?> < > < >HELLO</ > < >HI</ > </ > import java.io.*; import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import org.kxml.parser.*; import org.kxml.*; public class kxmlexample extends MIDlet implements CommandListener { private Display display; TextBox input; TextBox t; TextField temp; String url = " StringBuffer result=new StringBuffer(); private Command exitcommand, okcommand, backcommand; 92

94 public kxmlexample() { display = Display.getDisplay(this); exitcommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 2); okcommand = new Command("Ok", Command.OK, 3); backcommand = new Command("Back", Command.BACK, 3); public void startapp() { Form inputs = new Form("Form"); inputs.append("connect or not?"); inputs.addcommand(okcommand); inputs.addcommand(backcommand); display.setcurrent(inputs); inputs.setcommandlistener(this); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { public void commandaction(command c, Displayable d) { if (c.getcommandtype() == Command.EXIT) { destroyapp(false); notifydestroyed(); if(c.getcommandtype() == Command.OK) { StreamConnection con = null; InputStream s = null; 93

95 try { con = (StreamConnection)Connector.open(url); s = con.openinputstream(); XmlParser parser = new XmlParser(new InputStreamReader(s)); traverse (parser, ""); t=new TextBox("Parsing...",result.toString(),1024,0); catch(ioexception error) { t.addcommand(exitcommand); display.setcurrent(t); t.setcommandlistener(this); public void traverse (XmlParser parser, String indent) throws IOException { boolean leave = false; String temp=null; do{ ParseEvent event = parser.read (); switch (event.gettype ()) { case Xml.START_TAG: System.out.println(indent + "start tag: '" + event.getname() + "'; attributes: "+event.getattributes ()); traverse (parser, indent + "."); break; case Xml.END_TAG: System.out.println (indent + "/end tag: '"+event.getname ()+"'"); leave = true; break; case Xml.END_DOCUMENT: System.out.println (indent + "Document end reached!"); leave = true; break; 94

96 case Xml.TEXT: System.out.println (indent + "text: "+event.gettext ()); result.append("*"+event.gettext()+"\n"); break; case Xml.WHITESPACE: System.out.println (indent + "ignoring whitespace"); break; default: System.out.println (indent + "ignoring some other (legacy) event: "+event); while (!leave); [ ] RMSkXML RMS kxml [ ] kxml RMS 95

97 Exercise.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="big5"?> < > < >12/30 20% clothes on sales!</ > < >12/31 Happy New Year</ > </ > import java.io.*; import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.rms.*; import org.kxml.parser.*; import org.kxml.*; import java.util.*; public class Exercise extends MIDlet implements CommandListener { private Display display; private List taskscreen; TextBox input; TextBox t; TextField temp; private Personal db = null; private Vector taskids = new Vector(); String url = " StringBuffer result=new StringBuffer(); private Command exitcommand, okcommand, backcommand; public Exercise() { display = Display.getDisplay(this); exitcommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 2); okcommand = new Command("Ok", Command.OK, 3); 96

98 backcommand = new Command("Back", Command.BACK, 3); taskscreen = new List("Personal List", List.IMPLICIT); taskscreen.addcommand(exitcommand); taskscreen.setcommandlistener(this); try { db = new Personal("tasks"); catch(exception e) { System.err.println("EXCEPTION: Problem opening the database."); RecordEnumeration records = null; try { records = db.enumeratetaskrecords(); while(records.hasnextelement()) taskids.addelement(new Integer(records.nextRecordId())); catch(exception e) { System.err.println("EXCEPTION: Problem reading the task records."); records.reset(); try { while(records.hasnextelement()) taskscreen.append(new String(records.nextRecord()), null); catch(exception e) { System.err.println("EXCEPTION: Problem reading the task records."); public void startapp() { Form inputs = new Form("Form"); inputs.append("connect or not?"); 97

99 inputs.addcommand(okcommand); inputs.addcommand(backcommand); display.setcurrent(inputs); inputs.setcommandlistener(this); public void pauseapp() { public void destroyapp(boolean unconditional) { public void commandaction(command c, Displayable d) { if (c.getcommandtype() == Command.EXIT) { destroyapp(false); notifydestroyed(); if(c.getcommandtype() == Command.OK) { StreamConnection con = null; InputStream s = null; try { con = (StreamConnection)Connector.open(url); s = con.openinputstream(); XmlParser parser = new XmlParser(new InputStreamReader(s)); traverse (parser, ""); t=new TextBox("Parsing...",result.toString(),1024,0); catch(ioexception error) { display.setcurrent(taskscreen); 98

100 public void traverse (XmlParser parser, String indent) throws IOException { boolean leave = false; String temp=null; do { ParseEvent event = parser.read (); switch (event.gettype ()) { case Xml.START_TAG: System.out.println(indent + "start tag: '" +event.getname () +"'; attributes: "+event.getattributes ()); traverse (parser, indent + "."); break; case Xml.END_TAG: System.out.println (indent + "/end tag: '"+event.getname ()+"'"); leave = true; break; case Xml.END_DOCUMENT: System.out.println (indent + "Document end reached!"); leave = true; break; case Xml.TEXT: System.out.println (indent + "text: "+event.gettext()); result.append("*"+event.gettext()+"\n"); taskids.addelement(new Integer(db.addTaskRecord(event.getText()))); taskscreen.append("#"+event.gettext(), null); break; case Xml.WHITESPACE: System.out.println (indent + "ignoring whitespace"); break; default: System.out.println (indent + "ignoring some other (legacy) event: "+event); while (!leave); 99

101 100