pulse rain P PWM 3 Buck 4-12 PWM ΔE P H in = V in V in - D 2 2L H ΔE P L in = V in V in - D 2 2L L 2 2 Buck P L = V in V in - D 2 L

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1 ELECI C MACHINES AND CONOL Vol. 14 No. 5 May 2010 DCM Buck DC-DC Buck DC-DC Buck M 461 A X Oupu volage ripple of pulse rain conrolled DCM buck converer XU Jian-ping MU Qing-bo WANG Jin-ping QIN Ming College of Elecrical Engineering Souhwes Jiaoong Universiy Chengdu China Absrac For he large oupu volage ripple caused by he nonlinear characerisics of pulse rain P conrol DC-DC converers a novel non-linear conrol mehod P conrol echnique is invesigaed. P conrolled Buck converer operaing in disconinuous conducion mode DCM is sudied in his paper. P conrol realized he oupu volage regulaion of swiching converer wih wo prese conrol pulses he combinaion of conrol pulses in a pulse rain repeiion cycle considering he exisence of he filer capacior equivalen series resisance was analyzed in differen working condiion. Finally based on he exising analysis of oupu volage ripple he acual oupu volage ripple characerisics of P conrol was analyzed o provide heoreical basis for he pracical applicaion of P conrol. Simulaion and experimen resuls show ha he acual pulse combinaions and ripple analysis is consisen wih he realiy. Key words DC-DC converers pulse rain oupu volage ripple Buck converer disconinuous conducion mode 0 pulse widh modulaion PWM SWJU09Z

2 pulse rain P PWM 3 Buck 4-12 PWM ΔE P H in = V in V in - D 2 2L H ΔE P L in = V in V in - D 2 2L L 2 2 Buck P L = V in V in - D 2 L /2L disconinuous conducion Buck mode DCM Buck P H = V in V in - D 2 H /2L P P H P L Buck Buck Buck Buck P H Buck P L /k 2 k 1 Buck 2 V ref P H Buck DCM Buck V ref 3 a ES = 0 P L Buck i L v o 3 b ES 0 P H P L i L v c ES D H v ES v o D L k = D H /D L k > 1 μ H P H μ L P L 3 μ H + μ L ES = 0 P H P L ES = a = i L i o 2 DCM Buck i L i L 0 = 0 i L 1 = i o

3 5 DCM Buck V in Fig. 1 i L S V p 1 ON D 比较器 P H P L L - + V C ES V ref 基准电压 i o 采样 + - 时钟 Buck Pulse rain conrolled buck converer OFF V ref Δv C L = V in V in - D 2 L 2-2CL C ES 0 ES ES ES ES ES 3 b ES ES ES P H P H P L P L i L ON OFF Fig. 2 2 Inducor curren driven by high and low power pulse 1 ON i L 驻 v i o i L - i C,H o v c 驻 v H ON 2 i L i o i L - i o i L ON = V in D H /L = 2 i L 2 = i o 2 = D H + V in - D H / - L/ 2 3 i L i o i L ON OFF i o - i L = 3 i L 3 =0 驻 v 驻 v C,H 3 v H1 c i o a i L > i o i L < i o v ES 驻 v ES - v H v C H 0 Δv H = C 1 2 i C d = 1 V in - 1 2C D L H - ( ) v o 驻 v H%%% 驻 v V ( in D V H - L o - L V in - ) - 2CL C (b) ES 0 时输出电压纹波分析图 3 3 Fig. 3 Waveforem of oupu volage ripple Δv C H = 1 C 0 ic d = V in V in - D 2 H P H P H P H P L (a) ES=0 时输出电压纹波分析图 P H P L i o v o i o

4 b 0 ON i L > i o i L < i o 0 ON Δv ES Δv H1 = V in - D 2 H 2 2LC v H1 ES 0.07 Δv ES = V in - D H L ES - D H C 5 6 v o = v c + v ES (a) (b) Δv H = v omax - v omin v omax v omin 4 v C H - v C L μ H /μ L ES ES Fig. 4 v C H - v C L and μ H /μ L as funcions of 2. 3 ES - Δv H = Δv H1 + Δv ES 0 = V in - D 2 H 2 2LC V in - D H L ES - D H C ES 0 P H P L 3 b ES 0 Δv = Δv H + Δv C H = Δv ES + Δv H1 + Δv C H 9 ES v C H Δv H 4 a v C H v C L a 0.05 μ H = μ L %%%%%%0.2%%%%%0.4%%%%0.6%%%%%0.8%%%%%%%1 D H 4 b μ H /μ L 5 v D H = Ω μ H /μ L = 2 Fig. 5 v as a funcion of D H when = Ω μ H /μ L = 2 驻 vc,h(- 驻 vc,l)/v 1 = 12 Ω μ H /μ L = 2 5 v D H v D H D H k = D H /D L 驻 v C,L %%%%10%%%15%%%%20%%%25%%%%30%%%35 / 赘驻 v C,H 滋 H/ 滋 L 15%%%%%%20%%%%%25%%%%%30%%%%%35 / 赘 μ H Δv C H = μ L - Δv C L μ H μ H /μ L = - Δv C L /Δv C H 8 μ L Buck Δv = Δv' H + μ H - 1 Δv C H = Δv ES + Δv H v C H - v C L μ H /μ L 4 μ H - 1 Δv C H 驻 v/v 0.25

5 DCM Buck 5 2. 1 W 4. 7 W Buck k 3 Buck ES L = 100 μh C = 940 μf ES = 20 mω V in = 15 V = 8 V V ref = 8 V 5-35 Ω D H = 0. 5 D L = 0. 2 50 μs 6 Buck 0.20 4.

5 5 DCM Buck W 4. 7 W Buck k 3 Buck ES L = 100 μh C = 940 μf ES = 20 mω V in = 15 V = 8 V V ref = 8 V 5-35 Ω D H = 0. 5 D L = μs 6 Buck W i L ES = 0 (a) 负载电流 v o ES = 20 mω ES v ES v o ES = ES %%%%8.66%%%%%8.87%%%%%9.08%%%%%9.29%%%%%9.50 ES 55 mv W W 4. 7 W Ω μ H /μ L = W o 4. 7 W ves%/v il/a vo%/v %m 20.0%m 10.0%m 0.0%m -10.0%m 20.0%m vo%/v Fig. 6 (a) 电感电流 (b) 电容电压纹波 (c) ES 上的电压变化 %%%%%%%14.35%%%%%%%%14.45%%%%%%%%14.55%%%%%%%%14.65%%%%%%%14.75 (d) 输出电压纹线 /ms 4. 7 W Buck Simulaion resuls of pulse rain conrolled buck converer wih 4. 7 W load 7 ES = 0 ES 0 = 9 ms 2. 1 W 4. 7 W Fig. 7 il/a io%/a il(1%a/div)vo(50%mv/div) Vo(5%V/div) il(1%a/div)vo(5%v/div)io(0.2%a/div) Fig (b) 电感电流 /ms Curren waveform when sep load changed from 输出电压输出电压纹波电感电流 (40% 滋 s/div) (a) 负载功率 4.7%W 时稳态实验波形负载突变电感电压电感电流 (100% 滋 s/div) (b) 负载由 2.1%W 突增为 4.7%W 时实验波形 8 Experimen resuls of seady sae and ransien performance

6 a 4. 7 W 3 KHALIGH A EMADI A. Modified pulse adjusmen echnique wih variable saes o conrol DC-DC converers operaing in disconinuous conducion mode and driving consan power loads C / /IEEE Conference on Indusrial Elecronics and Applicaions 56 mv 8 b 2. 1 W May Singapore W 4 KHALIGH A and EMADI A. Sabilizing conrol of DC /DC buck converers wih consan power loads in coninuous conducion and disconinuous conducion modes using digial power alignmen echnique J. Journal of Elecrical Engineering & echnology FEDOWSI M EMADI A Mark elefus e al. Suiabiliy of Pulse rain conrol echnique for BIFED converer J. IEEE ransacions on Aerospace and Elecronic Sysems W 6 KHALIGH A EMADI A. Pulse Adjusmen a novel digial conrol echnique for conrol of a DC-DC Buck-Boos converer oper- able 1 Comparison of some key parameers beween heoreical analysis and simulaion resul of oupu volage ripple a 4. 7 W load aing in disconinuous conducion mode and driving consan power loads C / /IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference Sepember Windor UK KHALIGH A EMADI A. mixed DCM /CCM pulse rain adjusmen wih consan power loads J. IEEE ransacions on Aero- 2P H + P L /mv 2P H + P L /mv space and Elecronic Sysems Δv ES Δv H Δv C H Δv IEEE ransacions on Vehicular ech- consan power loads J nology Buck 12 J ES QIN Ming XU Jiangping WANG Jingping e al. pulse rain conrolled Boos converer J 1 SMEDLEY K M CUK S. One-cycle conrol of swiching converers J. IEEE ransacions on Power Elecronics FEDOWSI M. Pulse regulaion conrol echnique for flyback converer J. IEEE ransacions on Power Elecronics ELEFUS M SHEYNBEG A FEDOWSI M e al. Pulse rain a novel digial conrol mehod applied o a disconinuous mode flyback converer C / / IEEE Annual Power Elecronics Specialiss Conference June Acapulco Mexico KHALIGH A AHIMI A M EMADI A. Negaive impedance sabilizing pulse adjusmen conrol echnique for DC / DC converers operaing in disconinuous conducion mode and driving 11 ELEFUS M SHEYNBEG A FEDOWSI M and EMADI A. Pulse rain conrol echnique for flyback converer J. IEEE ransacions on Power Elecronics Conrol Boos Mulilevel. Elecric Machines and 13. Boos J LIU Shulin LIU Jian YANG Yinling e al. Energy ransmission modes and oupu ripple volage of boos converers J. Proceedings of he CSEE Buck DC/DC 2. Buck J. J LIU Shulin LIU Jian KOU Lei e al. Analysis of oupu ripple NI Yu XU Jianping. Design of a novel discree global slidingmode conrolled Buck converer J. Elecric Machines and Conceedings of he CSEE volage of buck DC /DC converer and is applicaion J. Prorol

6 CCM Boos 45 v L1 v v L D1 v D3 C 1 C vc vc 1 v in S R ESR1 R ESR 1 maximum power poin racking MPPT Fig. 1 DC DC 1. CCM Boos S CCM Boos 1 a C 1 i L D

6 CCM Boos 45 v L1 v v L D1 v D3 C 1 C vc vc 1 v in S R ESR1 R ESR 1 maximum power poin racking MPPT Fig. 1 DC DC 1. CCM Boos S CCM Boos 1 a C 1 i L D 16 6 1 6 ELECTRI C MACHINES AND CONTROL Vol. 16 No. 6 Jun. 1 CCM Boos 6131 CCM Boos CCM Boos CISM IISM CISM IISM CCM Boos CISM IISM CCM Boos CISM CISM IISM Boos TM 46 A 17 449X 1 6 44 6 Energy ransmission