Nikaidon [19 ] , 3 : ; [20 ] 1958 [21 ], , [22224 ] 23, 1a 1 23 ( ) :

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1 65 3 Vol. 65, No ACTA METEOROLO GICA SIN ICA J une 2007 Ξ 1, , LASG,, ,, , 3, ( ),,, ;,,, 160 E ;, R42L9,,, Rossby,, :,, :,,, hpa [629 ] [10 ] [11 ], [1 ],, ITCZ, 3 Wu Wang [2 ] [12 ], ( PV),, [324 ], [ hpa ] [14 ] [16 ] Harr [5 ] [15 ] Liu [17 ] Rodwell [18 ], : Ξ : ; : : (2006CB403607), ( ) :, E2mail gov. cn iap. ac. cn

2 Nikaidon [19 ] , 3 : ; [20 ] 1958 [21 ], , [22224 ] 23, 1a 1 23 ( ) : , , 4 : 02 : : , 14 :00 20 :00 U TC (, ), NCEP/ NCAR [25 ] 8 d 8 d,, , , 4 : 00 : :00 12 : :00 U TC, 7,,, 1c 3 02 :00, ( 1d) 00 :00 3 ( 1d), 2. 2,, 145 E,, N [325 ],,, 150 E, 26 N 130 E [628 ], 1, N 9714, 23, 1b 1 23 ( ) : ,, 1 6, 6 8 3, ( ( 1d) ) 500 hpa, (0 50 N, 80 E 180 ), 5880 gpm,,,

3 3 : ( a b 1 23 ;a.,b.,c.,d. 1a b c,, :00 ) Fig. 1 Three typical kinds of Northwest Pacific typhoon track cases and their average tracks (1-23 : TC s number are given in (a,b) and directly labeled in (c), (a) Westward and northwestward tracks (23 cases) ; (b) recurving tracks (23 cases) ; (c) northward tracks (7 cases) ; (d) average tracks of westward and northwestward (solid line with open circles), recurving (solid line with triangles), and northward (solid line with five2pointed stars) tracks at 02 :00 U TC for the first eight days, respectively) ( 2) 150 E,,, 2,, 4,, 4, 5,, 160 E 7,,, 5 8, 120 E [11 ], 120 E E E,,,,, ( 3),,,

332 65 2 00 :00 500 hpa (, 5800 gpm 50 gpm, 5800 gpm 20 gpm) (, 12 m/ s ) ( 5880 gpm, ; 02 :00 ) (a. 1 ; b. 3 ; c. 5 ; d. 7 ) Fig.

respectively, and the geopotential height greater than 5880 gpm is shaded, representing the Northwest Pacific subtropical high and wind (vector, m/ s)

4 : hpa (, 5800 gpm 50 gpm, 5800 gpm 20 gpm) (, 12 m/ s ) ( 5880 gpm, ; 02 :00 ) (a. 1 ; b. 3 ; c. 5 ; d. 7 ) Fig :00 U TC 500 hpa geopotential height (solid line, the interval is 50 gpm/ 20 gpm when the geopotential height is greater/ less than 5800 gpm, respectively, and the geopotential height greater than 5880 gpm is shaded, representing the Northwest Pacific subtropical high and wind (vector, m/ s) fields for westward tracks. represents the typhoon s center at 02 :00 UTC (a) First day ; (b) third day ; (c) fifth day ; (d) seventh day) 3 2, Fig. 3 Same as Fig. 2 but for recurving tracks

3 : 333 4 2, Fig. 4 Same as Fig. 2 but for northward tracks ( 4) 3 GOAL S R42L9 R15L9 [26227 ],, 1 120 E 2 2. 8125 ( ) 1.

5 3 : , Fig. 4 Same as Fig. 2 but for northward tracks ( 4) 3 GOAL S R42L9 R15L9 [26227 ],, E ( ) ( ), 9, 3, 4 [28 ] SSiB [29230 ],, 5 Shi [31 ] K2, 6 h,, 7 15 ;, , gpm 4 a, 4 271,, 4, 63, hpa, ( 5b), ( 2a) ; hpa, : ( 5c), 3, ( 4a) 10 d, 1 2, 4. 2,, 5a : 6 (336 hpa) , , 14 5, 7 LASG/ IAP 10, 5

334 65 5 (a) ; 1 (b) 2 (c) 500 hpa ( 5860 gpm ; ) Fig.

experiments 1 and 2, respectively, with the geopotential height greater than 5860 gpm shaded and the location of the temperature disturbance denoted

6 (a) ; 1 (b) 2 (c) 500 hpa ( 5860 gpm ; ) Fig. 5 (a) Position of the temperature disturbance added in sensitive experiments ; and (b) and (c) are initial 500 hpa geopotential heights in experiments 1 and 2, respectively, with the geopotential height greater than 5860 gpm shaded and the location of the temperature disturbance denoted by a solid2rectangle 7 (54,45) ; [32 ], ( N, E) 2,, ( 6), hpa 5b 5c 500 hpa, 5a, 10 d hpa 1 d, (, ) 5 d 2, : ( 8 ) 1280 gpm, 3, 1 2 : gpm, : hpa,, ( 8 ) (1) 1, 5, 2 2,, 80, gpm, 4 5 6,, 1,, ; 2 ;,, (2) 1,,

7 3 : (a) 2 (b) 2 (a 1 b 1 ) 3 (a 2 b 2 ) 4 (a 3 b 3 ) 850 hpa ( 1440 gpm 20 gpm, 1440 gpm 40 gpm ;a 4 b hpa ) Fig hpa geopotential height (solid line, the interval is 20 gpm/ 40 gpm when the geopotential height is greater/ less than 1440 gpm, respectively) and wind (vector ; m/ s) fields on the second, third and forth day, as indicated, in simulation experiments 1 (a) and 2 (b) ( The tracks of maximum vorticity centers at the typhoon centers from the first to fifth day in the two experiments are shown in the two bottom panels, respectively)

336 65 7 1 (a) 2 (b) 500 hpa 500 hpa 1 (a 1 b 1 ) 3 (a 2 b 2 ) 5 (a 3 b 3 ) ( :gpm, 20 gpm ) Fig.

8 (a) 2 (b) 500 hpa 500 hpa 1 (a 1 b 1 ) 3 (a 2 b 2 ) 5 (a 3 b 3 ) ( :gpm, 20 gpm ) Fig. 7 Difference of 500 hpa geopotential heights(gpm) between sensitive experiment and control run at the first, third and fifth day, as indicated, for experiment 1 (a) and 2 (b) (Differences greater than 20 gpm are shaded, and dashed arrows indicates energy transmit tracks), ( ) ( hpa),, 500 hpa 200 hpa hpa,,, ( ), ( ), ( 6a) ; :,, ( 6b), hpa ;

9 3 : (a) 2 (b) hpa Fig. 8 Differences of geopotential heights between sensitive experiments and control run at the third day at 200, 500 and 850 hpa, as indicated, for experiments 1 (a) and 2 (b), 9 9 t + u x h u 9 0-9y 2 = 0 9x = ( y) e ik ( x - ct), u - c 0 Rossby d d y 2 + l 2 = 0 u = u ( y), 9 2 u 0 - [33 ] Rossby l 2 9y 2 - k 2 y u - c

10 l 2 > 0, y ( ), 9 1 (a) 2 (b) l 2 < E,Rossby, ( Rossby, l 2 = K k 2, 9a), Rossby 0-92 u 9 y 2 K 0 =,, u 0 < u < 0 - Rossby, ( 9b), 9 2 u 9 y 2 k - 2,,,,Rossby, ; Rossby E u ( m/ s, ( ), ( ) ) Fig. 9 Vertical cross section of the zonal wind (m/ s) in area and in Fig. 8a along 122 E in experiment 1 (a) 7 and 2 (b) (Dashed line : negative, solid line : positive, thick line : zero contour),,, ;, :,

11 3 : 339,, 120 E, ;,,, ( R42L9),, :, ;,,,,.,2001,59 (4) : ,,,, :,,, [ 14 ] ;,,, :, [ 1 ],..,,1998,14 (1) : ,25 (3) : [ 2 ] Wu Liguang, Wang Bin. A potential vorticity tendency diagnos2 tic approach for tropical cyclone motion. Mon Wea Rev, 2000, 128 (6) : [ 3 ] Johnny C L Chan, William M Gary. Tropical cyclone movement and surrounding flow relationships. Mon Wea Rev, 1982, 110 (10) : [ 4 ] Johnny C L Chan. Identification of the steering flow for tropical cyclone motion from objective analyzed wind fields. Mon Wea Rev, 1985, 113 (1) : [ 5 ] Patrick A Harr, Russell L Elsberry. Tropical cyclone track char2 acteristics as a function of large2scale circulation anomalies. Mon Wea Rev, 1991, 119 (6) : [6 ] ( ). :,1996 :113pp [ 7 ] Dong Keqin, Charles J Neumann. On the relative motion of bi2 nary tropical cyclones. Mon Wea Rev, 1983, 111 (5) : [ 8 ],. [ 9 ] Chen Lianshou, Lou Zhexian. Effect of the interaction of differ2 ent2scale vortices on the structure and motion of typhoons. Adv Atmos Sci, 1995, 12 (2) : [10 ],,..,1999,10 (4) : [ 11 ]..,1981,5 (2) : [ 12 ].. :,1978 :570pp [ 13 ],..,1989,5 (3) : ,..,1991,7 (3) : [15 ],,..,1995,19 (6) : [16 ],. I :.,1999, 57 (3) : [17 ] Liu Y M, Wu G X, Liu H, et al. Condensation heating of the asian summer monsoon and the subtropical anticyclone in the eastern hemisphere. Climate Dyn, 2001, 17 (4) : [ 18 ] Rodwell M J, Hoskins B J. Subtropical anticyclones and summer monsoons. J Climate, 2001, 14 : [19 ] Nikaidon Y. The PJ2like north2south oscillations found in 42month integrations of the global spectral model T42. J Meteor Soc Japan, 1989, 67 : [20 ] Edward B Rodgers, Jong2Jin Baik, Harold F Pierce. The envi2 ronmental influence on tropical cyclone precipitation. J Applied Meteorology, 1994, 33 (5) : [21 ],.. [ 22 ]..,2001,59 (5) :

12 [23 ],,. [29 ] Liu Hui, Wu Guoxiong. Impacts of land surface on climate of. :,2002 : 314pp [24 ],,. SSIB. Adv Atmos Sci, 1997, 14 (3) : : [ 30 ] Xue Y K, Sellers P J, Kinter J L, et al. A simplified biosphere.,1999,57 (5), [ 25 ] Kalnay E, Coauthers. The NCEP/ NCAR 402year reanalysis project. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 1996, 77(3) : [26 ] Zhang X H, Shi G Y, Liu H, et al. IAP Global Ocean2Atmo2 sphere2land System Model. Beijing, New York : Science Press, 2000 : 252pp [27 ],. LASG 2 2 ( GOALS/ LASG).,1997,8 ( ) :15228 [ 28 ] Wu T W, Liu P, Wang Z Zhi, et al. The performance of atmo2 spheric component model ( R42L9. 0) of GOALS/ LASG. Adv Atmos Sci, 2003, 20 (5) : J uly and onset of summer monsoon : A study with an AGCM plus model for global climate studies. J Climate, 1991, 4 (3) : [31 ] Shi G Y. An accurate calculation and the infrared transmission function of the atmospheric constituents[ Ph D Thesis]. Dept of Sci, Tohoku University of Japan, 1981 [32 ] Hoskins B J, Mclntyre M E, Robertson A W. On the use and significance of isentropic potential vorticity maps. Q J Roy Mete2 or Soc, 1985, 111 (470) : [ 33 ],.. :,1991 : 536pp INTERACTIONS BETWEEN TYPHOON AND SUBTROPICAL ANTICYCLONE OVER WESTERN PACIFIC REVEAL ED BY NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS Ren Suling 1,2 Liu Yimin 1 Wu Guoxiong 1 1 S tate Key L ab of A t mospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics ( L A S G), Institute of A t mospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing N ational S atellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological A dminist ration, Beijing Abstract Three familiar kinds of typhoon tracks are sorted based on a set of typhoon data from 1958 to The re2 sult of composite analysis confirms that different typhoon tracks correspond to different patterns of the subtropi2 cal anticyclone over Western Pacific (SAWP). When the tracks are westward the subtropical high is strong with a zonal form, and stretches westward ; when tracks are recurving ones, the main body of the subtropical high moves eastward and breaks near longitude 160 E ; and when tracks are northward the subtropical high locates much more east of normal position. Based on this result and using the GOAL S R42L9 climate model, a tempera2 ture disturbance is added into two different initial fields to force the formation of typhoon. Westward tracking and northward tracking typhoons are successfully simulated, thus verifying the finding that different patterns of SAWP have different effects on typhoon tracks. Results also show that typhoons can induce barotropic Rossby waves propagating towards t he mid and high latit udes. U nder different background zonal flows, wave t rains triggered by typhoons of westward and northward tracks are also different, and their effects on the mid and high latitude circulation and the SAWP are different : compared to the northward tracking typhoon, the westward tracking typhoon is able to induce positive geopotential height anomaly to its north and northwest, resulting in the strengthening and westward stretching of the SAWP. Key words : Typ hoon, Subt ropical anticyclone over Western Pacific, Interaction, Numerical Experiment.

~ a 3 h NCEP ~ 24 3 ~ ~ 8 9 ~ km m ~ 500 m 500 ~ 800 m 800 ~ m a 200

~ a 3 h NCEP ~ 24 3 ~ ~ 8 9 ~ km m ~ 500 m 500 ~ 800 m 800 ~ m a 200 31 1 2013 3 Journal of Arid Meteorology Vol. 31 No. 1 March 2013. J. 2013 31 1 62-69. doi 10. 11755 /j. issn. 1006-7639 2013-01 - 0062 211101 2000 ~ 2010 3 h 2. 5 2. 5 NCEP 2 5 ~ 7 02 11 05 ~ 08 2 ~ 8