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1 14 6 ( ) Vol 14 No Journal of Hunan Agricultural University (Social Sciences) Dec 2013 农村人口老龄化问题笔谈摘要关键词中图分类号 C 文献标志码 :A 文章编号 : (2013) Pen talk on aging of rural population Editorial comment: As the problem of aged tendency of population becomes increasing serious, the issue of rural population aging and its social services and security is prominent. By the chance, we designedly invite Professor Deng Wei, Zhang Yun-ying and Cheng Zhi-gang to air their written opinions of respective researching field to meet the readers. Professor Deng Wei first pointed out the problems existing: rural population aging developing rapidly, the problems of getting old before being rich getting prominent, the social services and security for the rural aged being low, lack of supply of public products and services, pension requirements being difficult to meet, traditional family pension mode in rural areas facing challenges. To solve these problems, Professor Deng suggested a new pension model combining family support and community maintenance needed to be established under the support of institutional endowment, which could equalize the basic public goods supply in the elderly, improve burden-sharing mechanisms, strengthen the quaternity function of old-age service system consisted by government, family, social and market. Since the long-term care system for rural elderly in our country is still in its infancy, Professor Zhang Yun-ying raised some suggestions to establish and perfect the long-term care system so as to deal with silver wave: establish multilateral cooperation among government, home, community and institution in order to supply multiple service including economic support, health care, day care and psychiatric, and each performs its own functions, the government was to be responsible for the fund supply and policy making, community worked as a platform for service and resource, institution was in charge of professional service, and family was to do the definite service. Based on the statistics from the questionnaires done by parts of Hunan province rural residents, Professor Cheng Zhi-gang found out that: Groups with better health status, senior high school education, less pension worries, high policy awareness and pension were more satisfied with the social pension system, the current evaluation of insured farmer to the new rural social pension system was not high, mainly focused on the performance of the central government subsidies, local financial subsidies, tied policy, policy advocacy and pension demand satisfaction. He hence recommended to take measures to improve the system design and services to improve satisfaction of the new rural social pension system. Key words: rural population; aging; social service; security system; quaternity; care system; new rural pension system; satisfaction degree

2 2 ( ) 我国农村老年人社会服务及保障的完善邓微 % 一我国农村人口老龄化及其问题 % % 7.97% 18.3% % 21.1% 44.3% 8.6% 52.9% % % % 12.8% 9.2% 39.9% 14.4% 11.0% 39.9% % % % 10.6% 二农村老年人社会服务及保障的演变与缺失 ( )98.1% ( ) 60%

3 % % /3 28.6% 6.7% 40.3% 17.8% 33.1%56.2% 10.7% 80% 三农村老年人社会服务及保障的改善 % % 24.9% 1 10%

4 4 ( ) GDP 30% ( )

5 (2013) 24 ( 作者邓微系中共湖南省委党校湖南行政学院教授 ) 农村老年人四位一体长期照护体系的构建张云英 [1-5] 一四位一体长期照护体系构建的必要性 % % % ( 全国老龄工作委员会办公室. 全国城乡失能老年人状况研究报告, ) % % 15 37% 40% % % %( 湖南省老龄工作委员会办公室.2011 年度湖南省老龄事业发展统计公报, )

6 6 ( ) %-80% 20% 8% 20% 52.13% % %( 阎青春. 养老机构发展中存在的主要矛盾及政策建议. 中国民政 2009,(7)) : ( 全国老龄工作委员会办公室. 全国城乡失能老年人状况研究报告, ) ( 湖南省老龄工作委员会办公室.2011 年度湖南省老龄事业发展统计公报, ) ( ) % 6.9% 84.3% 5.1% 10.6%( 全国老龄工作委员会办公室. 全国城乡失能老年人状况研究报告, ) % % 61.8 %( 湖南省老龄工作委员会办公室.2011 年度湖南省老龄事业发展统计公报, ) % 45.1% %( 民政部门户网站.2009 年民政事业统计报告 ) 23.8% 20.1% 5.7% 30% 37.6% 25.2%( 全国老龄工作委员会办公室. 全国城乡失能老年人状况研究报告, ) 90% 90%

7 : 二四位一体长期照护体系及其内涵 100 ( 1) 图 1 农村老年人四位一体长期照护服务体系框架示意图三四位一体长期照护体系的构建策略

8 8 ( )

9 参考文献 : [1] [J]2009(1) [2] [J] 2010(1) [3] [J] 2009(4) [4] [J] 2006(1) [5] [J] 2007(3) ( 本文是国家社会科学基金项目农村空巢老年人长期照护体系研究 11BSH061 湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目土地流转制度下长株潭农民养老保障体系创新研究 10A061 阶段性成果作者系湖南农业大学教授 ) 新型农村社会养老保险满意度评估成志刚 () [1] 2012 [2] [3] 20 [4] % SPSS18.0 (Cranachα) 0.8 一新型农村社会养老保险满意度群组比较 % 38.8% 52.1% 4.8%0.7% (1) 65.3% 28.6% (2)

10 10 ( ) (3) 50% 35% (4) 82.1% 34.8% (5) 二参保农民对新农保项目满意度比较 % 48.4% 3.5% % 5.3% %6.4% % 11.9% % 6.4% % 33.8% % 42.2% % 5.3% % 52.8% 51.1%

11 % 21.2% 33.6% % 53.7% 40.4% 三提高新农保满意度的策略 = + X(1+N%)N [5]

12 12 ( ) 参考文献 : [1] [EB/OL] zwgk/ /04/content_ htm [2] [J] 2011(6) [3] [J] 2011(9) [4] 20 [J] 2012(3) [5] 2008 [J] 2010(7) ( 本文为湖南省教育厅重点项目和谐社会建设与我国农村养老保障体系构建研究 09A099 阶段性成果作者系湘潭大学公共管理学院教授博士生导师 ) 责任编辑 : 陈向科

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