( 4c), 5b 5a (a) (b) (c) 2 934,2 867,1 466, cm - 1 Fig11 Microphotograph of cholesterol gallstone ( a), pigment stone ( b),an

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1 2 2, 4 Vol122,No14,pp Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis August,2002 1, 1, 2 2, 11, , ; 2,, ; ; ; :Q632 :A : (2002) [19 ] 112 [1 ],,, KYKY22000B 2 (1 1 ), 2 ; (2 1 ), 10 %, ; [2 7 ] [8 ] [5,7,9 14 ] 20 kv, mg 100 mg [15 ], Perkin2Elmer 1730 [16 ] [17 ] [18 ] 4 cm - 1, a, 1 Sigma ;,,, 111 ( 1b), ;,, ; 1c : : : (No ) (No ) 转载

592 22 ( 4c), 5b 5a 212 6 (a) (b) (c) 2 934,2 867,1 466, 1 377 1 057 cm - 1 Fig11 Microphotograph of cholesterol

Microstructure of the insoluble remainder of pigment ; stone ( a) and mixed stone ( b) after dissolution with

2 ( 4c), 5b 5a (a) (b) (c) 2 934,2 867,1 466, cm - 1 Fig11 Microphotograph of cholesterol gallstone ( a), pigment stone ( b),and polymers in pigment stone ( c) 2 2 2a,, ; ( 3b) 2b 2, ( 3d) 2c Fig12 Microstructure of the insoluble remainder of pigment ; stone ( a) and mixed stone ( b) after dissolution with chloroform2ethanol and ether2ethanol, and the mem2 ( 1b 1c) 2 branimorph materials in the insoluble remainder of 2 ( 4b mixed stone ( c) ) 10 %,, 5a, 5b ;

4 593 [10 ] Fig15 Microstructure of the insoluble remainder ( a) of pig2 ment stone dissolved with chloroform2ethanol and ether2 ethanol, hydrochloric acid, and with chloroform2ethanol and

3 4 593 [10 ] Fig15 Microstructure of the insoluble remainder ( a) of pig2 ment stone dissolved with chloroform2ethanol and ether2 ethanol, hydrochloric acid, and with chloroform2ethanol and ehter2ethanol again,and the membranimorph mate2 rials in the insoluble remaider of the pigment stone ( b) Fig16 IR spectra of cholesterol ( a),bilirubin ( b),and calcium bilirubinate ( c) ( 6b) 1 611,1 695,1 250 cm - 1 ( 6c) 1 620, 1 696, 1 663, Fig13 IR spectra of a mixed stone ( a) and its insoluble re2 mainder of the mixed stone after dissolution with chloro2 form2ethanol and ether2ethanol ( b),a pigment stone ( c) and its insoluble remainder after dissolution with chloro2 form2ethanol and ether2ethanol ( d). The bands appended with asterisk ( 3 ) correspond to those of cholesterol 2 ( 2a) 5b,,1 037 cm - 1 [9 ] ; 603 cm - 1,563 cm - 1 ( 1 627, 1 662, cm - 1 ) 2 924,2 854 cm - 1 [10 ] ( 4b) 3c (2 933,2 867,1 466,1 377,1 057 cm - 1 ) (1 628,1 666 cm - 1 ) 3d 2 ( 2b) cm - 1 5d 877 cm - 1 ; 1 665,1 620,1 562 cm - 1 ;1 043 cm - 1 [9 ] cm ,1 250 cm - 1 3a, (2 933,2 868,1 377,1 056 cm - 1 ; ) (1 627,1 593 cm - 1 ) ;1 627 cm - 1 [9,10 ], cm - 1 [9 ] cm - 1, 2

4 ,1 662, Fig14 IR spectra of pigment stone ( a) and its insoluble re2 mainder after dissolution with chloroform2ethanol and ether2ethanol ( b), and the remainder of the pigment stone after dissolution with hydrochloric acid,and again with chloroform2ethanol and ether2ethanol following the procedure of b ( c). The bands appended with asterisk ( 3 ) correspond to those of cholesterol cm - 1,1 669 cm cm cm cm cm [20 ] : 2 : cm : cm - 1 : cm - 1 ; 2, (1 654 cm - 1 ) 2 [19 ],, ; 1b 2 2, 4b 10 %, 2,, 3 %, 4c cm cm - 1 NH OH cm - 1 A NH : [ 1 ].,1998,249. [ 2 ] P M Bills,D Lewis. Gut., 1975,16 (8) :630. [ 3 ] U Wosiewitz. Scan. Elect ron Microsc., 1983,1 :419. [ 4 ] H S Kaufman, T H Magnuson,H A Pitt,et al. Hepatology, 1994,19 (5) :1124. [ 5 ] J M Been,P M Bills,D Lewis. Gast roenterology, 1979,76 :548. [ 6 ] A Abe, Y Tsuchiya,N Sugiura,et al. Tissue & Cell, 1997,29 (2) :191. [ 7 ] YAN G Zhan2lan,et al ( ). Acta Scientiarum Nat uralium U niversitatis Peki nensis ( ),1998,34 (4) :429. [ 8 ] F M Konikoff,D Danino,D Weihs,et al. Hepatology, 2000,31 (2) :261. [ 9 ] WU Jin2guang,et al ( ). Acta Scientiarum Nat uralium U niversitatis Pekinensis ( ),1984, (5) :289. [ 10 ] L IU Zhen2hua,LU Jian2keng,ZHAN G Ji2sen,et al. Acta Scientiarum Nat uralium U niversitatis Pekinensis ( ),1998,34 (4) :415

5 4 595 [ 11 ] P F Malet,M A Dabezies, G H Huang,et al. Gast roenterology, 1988,94 :1217. [ 12 ] B W Trotman, T A Morris,H M Sanchez,et al. Gast roenterology, 1977,72 :495. [ 13 ] P F Malet,C E Williamson,B W Trotman,and R D Soloway. Hepatology, 1986,6 :477. [ 14 ] C Palusczkiewicz,W M Kwiatek,M Galka,et al. Cellular & Molecular Biology, 1998,44 (1) :65. [ 15 ] WU Jin2guang,et al ( ). Chinese Science B ulleti n ( ),1979,24 (22) :1054. [ 16 ] B F Smith. J. L ipid Res., 1987,28 :1088. [ 17 ] M F Kestell,J Sekijima,S P Lee,et al. Hepatology, 1992,16 :1315. [ 18 ] P R C Harvey, G A Upadhya,S M Strasberg. J. Bio. Chem., 1991,266 : [ 19 ] J R Ferraro,J G Wu,R D Soloway,W H Li,et al. A ppl. S pect rosc., 1996,50 (7) :922. [ 20 ] D M Byler,H Susi. Biopolymers, 1986,25 :469. Study of the Insoluble Remainder of Human Gallstones by Scanning Electron Microscope and Fourier Transf orm Infrared Spectrum L IU Gang 1,XIN G Da 1, YAN G Hai2min 2,and WU Jie 2 11 Institute of L aser L if e Science, South China Norm al U niversity, Guangz hou , China 21 Depart ment of B asic Medicine Science, Kunming Medical Colledge, Kunming , China Abstract The insoluble remainder of brown pigment and mixed gallstones which were dissolved with chloroform,ethanol,ether,and hydrochloric acid were studied by Fourier transform infrared ( FT2IR) spectrum and scanning electron microscope. It was found that bilirubinate salts,proteins,fatty salts,phosphate and calcium carbonate are the main components in the insoluble remainder of gallstones. The secondary structure of proteins in brown pigment gallstones may be predominated by 2helix. The microstructure of proteins in brown pigment stones is membranous,phosphate and bilirubi2 nate salts were trapped within the membranes. The relationship between the insoluble components and formation of gallstones was discussed. Keywords Gallstone ; Insoluble remainder ; Infrared spectrum ;Scanning electron microscope (Received May. 16,2001 ;accepted Aug. 18,2001)

s 15 contact s W Si 3 N μm N / m 4 AFM 95% AFM WPOJ UPOJ WPOJ UPOJ 260 ~ 280 nm WPOJ-DS UPOJ-DS 1 cm 1 cm DEAE-ce

s 15 contact s W Si 3 N μm N / m 4 AFM 95% AFM WPOJ UPOJ WPOJ UPOJ 260 ~ 280 nm WPOJ-DS UPOJ-DS 1 cm 1 cm DEAE-ce 32 1 2013 2 Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society Vol. 32 No. 1 2013-02 1000-6281 2013 01-0054-08 1 1* 2 1 1 1. 2. 710062 AFM SEM WPOJ-DS UPOJ-DS WPOJ-DS β- UPOJ-DS AFM WPOJ-DS UPOJ-DS SEM UPOJ-DS