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1 論 力 理論 129 力 理論 * 立 力 理論 來 歷 論 20 冷 兩 力 例 不 流 力 念 若 異 力 讀不 力 類 不 流 理論 理 力 論 漏 說 力 論 力 理論 了 律 了 力 力 不 聯 力 力 力 說 理論 漏 行 奈 great power politics 利 力 來 利益 * 兩 匿 見 李

2 年 7 力 力 理論 來 歷 論 20 冷 兩 力 例 Classical Realism human nature 度 力 力 來說 力 Neo-Realism 力 切 力 Kenneth N. Waltz 更 了 Realpolitik 力 理論 Balance-of-Power theory 行 力 不 異 了 行 立 力 力 邏 理論 隸 論 理論 不 律 歷 不 力 了 理論 行 異 行 了理論 力 力 理 漏 了 理論 行 行 理論 例 羅 蘭 Richard Rosecrance

3 論 力 理論 131 洛 Paul Schroeder John Vasquez John Mearsheimer bandwagon buck-passing 行 異 行 說 力 論 力 理論 了 律 了 力 力 不 聯 力 力 力 說 理論 漏 行 不 利 力 來 利 Realism 不 流理論 不 理論 grand theory Stephen M. Walt 不 理論 program 1 若 論 ethic 度 度 來 不 Classical Realism 度 理 Thomas Hobbes 力 類行 類 力 1. Stephen M. Walt, The Progressive Power of Realism, American Political Science Review, Vol. 91, No. 4 (1997), pp

4 年 7 2 類 力 了 類 了 狀 the state of nature 3 狀 不 行 律 狀 不 4 力 不 international community 狀 靈 來 利 self-help 狀 行 力 利 5 力 利 來 索 Hans J. Morgenthau 力 balance of power 良 離 了 力 度 international institution 6 不 Neo-Realism Structural Realism 度 international system Kenneth N. Waltz 2. Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, ed. and with an introduction by Michael Oakeshott (Oxford, England: Basil Blackwell, 1946), p Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan: Authoritative Text, Backgrounds, Interpretations (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1997), Ch. 13. 類利 狀 類 4. Ibid., p Kenneth N. Waltz, Force, Order and Justice, (Report on Panel Discussions at ISA annual meeting) International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 3 (1967), p Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics among Nations: the Struggle for Power and Peace 6 th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985), p. 296.

5 論 力 理論 133 不 便 狀 anarchy 不 領 力量 7 不 integration 立 寧 self-help 8 狀 9 7. Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics (MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1979), pp 律 justice privée Selbsthilfe self-help self-help 力 律 令便 參 David M. Walker 律 北 1988 年 817 力 不 寧 break the public peace 律 例 不 力 參 Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law, Merriam-Webster, Inc.,1996. Via at: 行 復 retorsion reprisal 不 說 參 Colonel Guy B. Roberts, The Counter-Proliferation Self-Help Paradigm: A Legal Regime For Enforcing the Norm Prohibiting The Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction, Denver Journal of International Law and Policy, Vol. 27, No. 3 (1999), pp security dilemma 理 行 更不 參 R. Smoke, National Security Affairs, in F. Greenstein and N. Polsby eds., Handbook of Political Science 8 (Reading: Addison-Wesley, 1975), pp ; Robert Jervis, Cooperation under The Security Dilemma, World Politics, Vol. 30, No. 2 (1978), pp 例 Robert Jevis 拉 Stephen Van Evera Robert Gilpin 領 來說 論 狀 若 力 power 度 institution 說 參 Joseph M. Grieco, Understanding the Problem of International

6 年 7 行 行 了 10 力 capability 念 理論 來 說 異不 不 力 不 不 行 來 不 力 異 11 不 力 12 論 了 行 力 力量 了 力 理論 行 13 力 不 異 了 行 立 力 14 裡 律 度 行 了 便 不 行 不 bandwagon 狀 Cooperation: the Limits of Neoliberal Institutionalism and the Future of Realist Theory, in David A. Baldwin ed. Neorealism and Neoliberalism: The Contemporary Debate (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993), pp ; Jervis, op. cit., pp ; Stephen Van Evera, Why Cooperation Failed in 1914, World Politics, Vol. 38, No. 1 (1985), pp , and Robert Gilpin, The Politics of Transnational Economic Relations, in Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Jr., eds.transnational Relations and World Politics (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1972), pp Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., p Ibid., pp Ibid., pp In international politics force serves, not only as the ultima ratio, but indeed as the first and constant one. 13. Ibid., pp Balance-of-power theory is microtheory precisely in the economist s sense. The system, like a market in economics, is made by the actions and interactions of its units, and the theory is based on assumptions about their behavior. 14. 狀 立 力 不 力 狀 參 Ibid., pp

7 論 力 理論 135 不 15 不 力 索 力 不 兩 參見 16 裡 力 論 行 理 17 不 行 力 兩 兩 力 狀 便 力 力 18 力 力量 聯 international regimes 19 理 理論 理論 Ibid., p. 126; Jack Donnelly, Realism and International Relations (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000), p 索 力 行 立 力 索 參 Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., pp 索 力 狀 necessity advisedly 見 Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics among Nations, 6 th ed., op. cit., p 若 便 來 力 異 19. Sean M. Lynn-Jones, Realism and Security Studies, in Craig A. Snyder, ed., Contemporary Security and Strategy (Hampshire: Macmillan Press, 1999), p Jack Donnelly, Realism and International Relations, op. cit., p Sean M. Lynn-Jones, op. cit., pp ; Robert O. Keohane, Realism, Neorealism and the Study of World Politics, in Robert O. Keohane ed., Neorealism and its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986), pp. 7-16; Robet Gilpin, The Richness of the Tradition of Political Realism, in Robert O. Keohane ed., op. cit., pp ; Paul R. Viotti and Mark V. Kauppi, International Relations Theory: Realism, Pluralism, Globalism (Boston : Allyn and Bacon, 1998), pp. 6-7.

8 年 7 理論 索 理論 惡 力 理論 理 行 狀 說 參 力 理 行 狀 力 力 利 力 利 力 讀 力 狀 力 兩 兩 力 狀 便 理 力 不 力 力 狀 力 度 兩

9 24 了 論 力 理論 137 行 the actor 行 nonstateactors transnational corporations, TNCs 狀 狀 行 切 力 來 利 22 狀 領 領 論 切 力 切 力 23 力 例 索 力 例 理 行 理 行 度 略 Robert O. Keohane 來說 理 行 行 識 行 理論 不 22. Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., pp 力 力 defensive realism offensive realism 不 論 參 Jack Snyder, Myths of Empire: Domestic Politics and International Ambition (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991), pp ; Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, Security Seeking under Anarchy, International Security, No. 25, Vol. 3 (2000/2001), pp ; Robert O. Keohane, Theory of World Politics: Structural Realism and Beyond, in Robert O. Keohane ed., op. cit., p. 165.

10 年 7 paradigm 識不 了不 了 若 異 參 力 力 理論 力 論 來 力 了 力 不 力 理論 力 理論 理 略 25 Arnold Wolfers 力 念 兩 力量 hegemony 念 26 不 力 理論 理論 理 理論 力 了 27 念 說 力 collective security 理論 復 2001 年 Arnold Wolfers, Discord and Collaboration: Essays on International Politics (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1962), Ch 勞 Inis L. Claude 力 念 力 列 1 力 situation 2 略 strategy 力 狀 狀 3 phenomena 勞 力 不 連 索 不例 Inis L. Claude, Power and International Relations (New York: Random House, 1962), pp. 13, 力 理論 理 Idealism 力 履 度 理 來 力 立

11 論 力 理論 139 念 來 29 力 Henry Kissinger 力 理論 力 來 立 領 力 力 30 力 理論 力 理論 行 理 力不 便 31 了 力 復 不 32 力 理論 行 索 索 惡 力 力來 利 national interests 力 理論 律 律 33 類 力 不 類 行 力 來 念 力量 行 來 略 說 參 Andrew Butfoy, Collective Security: Theory, Problems and Reformulations, Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 47, No. 1 (1993), pp. 1-14; Charles A. Kupchan and Clifford A. Kupchan, The Promise of Collective Security, International Security, Vol. 20, No. 1 (1995), pp 聯 行 兩 度 異 參見 聯 北 黎 1993 年 Stanley Hoffmann, Weighing the Balance of Power, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 50, Iss. 4 (July 1972), pp James E. Dougherty, Robert L Pfaltzgraff 論 理論 北 識 1987 年 Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., pp Ibid., p Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics among Nation, 6 th ed., op. cit., p. 4.

12 年 7 類 34 力 論 理論 說 力 35 索 力 力 邏 力 論 力 狀 狀 力 力 力 不 不 理 力 36 索 力 倫理 律 行 類 倫理 度 力 度 37 見 索論 力 38 力 索 力 力 略了 力 力 charisma 論 力 行 intention 兩 力不 理 行 力 力 39 力 力 行 索 力 不 切 切 狀 Hans J. Morgenthau Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace (New York: A. A. Knopf, 1948), p Frederick L. Schuman, International Politics: The Western State System in Transition, 3 rd (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1941), p Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics among Nations, 6 th ed., op. cit., p 索 力 列 不 略 力 類 力 37. Kenneth W. Thompson, Masters of International Thought: Major Twentieth-Century Theorists and the World Crisis (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1980): 參 Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics among Nations, 6 th ed., op. cit., pp Ibid., pp ; 247.

13 論 力 理論 141 律 了 度 力 international morality 論 world public opinion international law 類 來 不 惡 thoroughly evil 41 說來 索 力 力 理 力 42 索 力 43 不 例 參 力 41. Ibid., Ch 參 , 247, Ibid., p. 233; 索 力 43. 勒 Immanuel Wallerstein 度 律

14 識 45 力 年 7 索 力 兩 力量 力 力量 44 不 力 力 不 兩 力 46 兩 索 便 兩 力 兩 力 狀 力 利 領 利 力 淪 落 參 Immanuel Wallerstein, The Politics of the World-Economy: the States, the Movements, and the Civilizations (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984); 力量 力 領 力 不 力了 落 不 來 識 了 了 Robert Gilpin, War and Change in World Politics (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981), p 力 說 參 George Modelski, Long Cycles in World Politics (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1987), p Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics among Nations, 6 th ed., op. cit., pp Ibid., pp 力 利 力 識 the revisionist 行 46. 力 理論 不 不 力 理論 參 Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, Security Seeking under Anarchy, op. cit., p. 133; 了 力 理論 力 lone cycle theories 理論 說 參 Robert Gilpin, War and Change in World Politics, op. cit.; A. F. K. Organski, World Politics (New York: Knopf, 1968); George Modelski, Long Cycles in World Politics, op. cit 年 offensive-defensive balance defensive neoclassical realism 見 Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, Security Seeking under Anarchy, op. cit., pp

15 論 力 理論 143 力 索不 力 47 說 不 行 力 不論 識 立 狀 略 力 48 寧 力 不 狀 狀 索 力 狀 49 兩 不 索 力 multipolar 力 利 the Treaty of Westphalia 降 兩 bipolar system 索 不 聯 異 靈 行 數 行 數 不 不 行 不 兩 兩 50 兩 力 兩 47. Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., pp Ibid., p 索 力 異 力 理 念 參 例 Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics among Nations, 6 th ed., op. cit., pp 狀 類 行 力 50. Paul R. Viotti and Mark V. Kauppi, International Relations Theory: Realism, Pluralism, Globalism and Beyond 3 rd, op. cit., p. 74.

16 年 7 力 力 狀 便 力 51 力 理 不 索 力 行 理 度 力 力 力 不 利 力 力 52 索 力 不 兩 力量 狀 行 不論 略 力 行 聯 53 security dilemma 力 54 力 理論 說 了 力 力 行 聯 力 51. Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., p Ibid., pp ; 134. 類 53. John Herz, Idealist Internationalism and the Security Dilemma, World Politics, Vol. 2, No. 2 (1950), p Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., p. 127.

17 論 力 理論 力 度 行 了 56 力 念 理論 不 歷 料 來 行 略 論 便了 力 理論 行 力 不 力 理論 漏 論 行 臨 行 力 理論 力 說 理論 力量 行 力量 行 57 力 理論 狀 力量 行 理 量 行 力 55. 說 狀 理 力 兩 見 Ibid., p Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1977), pp 力 利 不 律 力 狀 2003 年 3 聯 理 拉 例 力 立 度 來 利 57. Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., pp

18 年 7 不 力 58 說 度來 行 不 bandwagon 行 行 狀 力量 力量 了 略 不 力 論 59 力 邏 略 60 洛 兩 力量 不 立 便 力量 類 里 Crimean War 寧 裡 略 行 力 61 裡 來 不 理論 理論不 例 流 不 更不 力 理論 邏 62 不 歷 理論 58. Ibid., pp Ibid., pp Paul Schroeder, Did the Vienna Settlement Rest on a Balance of Power? American Historical Review, Vol. 97, No. 3 (1992), p. 683; Paul Schroeder, The Transformation of European Politics: (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994); Paul Schroeder, Historical Reality vs. Neo-realist Theory, International Security, Vol. 19, No. 3 (1994): pp Paul Schroeder, Historical Reality vs. Neo-realist Theory, op. cit., pp Kenneth N. Waltz, Evaluation Theories, American Political Science Review, Vol. 91,

19 論 力 理論 147 不 理論 說 理論 行 量 不 理論 63 不 了 歷 力 了 1945 年 1990 年 兩 例 說 力 異 了 力 行 64 力 理論 漏 略行 略行 裡 力 說 理 力 理 力 理論 量 力 65 論 理論 力 不 略 力 邏 來 行 略 行 力 不 狀 力 了 力 力 寧 力 行 羅 蘭 行 不 力 No. 4 (1997), p Kenneth N. Waltz, Reflections on Theory of International Politics: A Response to My Critics, in Robert O. Keohane, ed., op. cit., pp Kenneth N. Waltz, America as a Model for World? A Foreign Policy Perspective, Political Science and Politics, Vol. 24, No. 4 (1991), pp Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., p. 192.

20 年 7 狀 66 力量 不 狀 行 力量 67 力 力 來 不 力 狀 理論 說 68 力 理論 漏 行 理論 balance of threat theory 69 理論 來 略 不 力 了 力 略 70 度不 不 例 略 便 略 66. Richard Rosecrance and Chih-Chen Lo, Balance, Stability, and War: the Mysterious Case of the Napoleonic International System, International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 40, No. 4 (1996), p Stephen Walt, The Origins of Alliances (New York: Cornell University Press, 1987), pp 力 理論 不 略 不 理論 不 參 Robert Jackson and George Sørensen, Introduction to International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), p. 87. 雷 說 Stephen Walt, The Origins of Alliances, op.cit., p.25; Steven David, Choosing Sides: Alignment and Realignment in the Third World (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991); Deborah Larson, Bandwagon Images in American Foreign Policy: Myth or Reality? in Dominoes and Bandwagons: Strategic Beliefs and Great Power Competition in the Eurasian Rimland, Robert Jervis and Jack Snyder, eds.(new York: Oxford University Press, 1991); Jack Snyder, Myths of Empire: Domestic Politics and Strategic Ideology, op. cit.; Paul D. Hoyt, Rogue States and International Relations Theory, The Journal of Conflict Studies, Vol. 20, No. 1 (2000). 69. 理論 力 理論 略 不 力 行 量 力 理論 理論 參 Michael Mastanduno, Preserving the Unipolar Moment: Realist Theories and U.S. Grand Strategy after the Cold War, International Security, Vol. 21, No. 4 (1997), pp Stephen Walt, The Origins of Alliances, op. cit., p. 5

21 論 力 理論 149 略 略 略 降 來 略 71 理論 力 理論 列 行 量 了 不 略 力不 兩 念 行 行 72 行 理論 行 threat-averting 若 邏 不 便 了 行 理論 不 力 行 略 intention 利 力 略 句 說 行 不 力 理 寧 聯 力 73 理論不 74 理論 不 行 不 領 71. Ibid., pp Ibid., p Ibid., pp Ibid., p. 59.

22 年 7 75 理 行 行 略 不 狀 status quo 領 狀 revisionist 不 狀 uncertain or undecided 不 說 76 力 理論 歷 力 理論 行 不論行 行 力 77 了若 歷 力 洛 Carlos I 力 Philip II 78 路易 King Louis XIV 領 1804 年 1815 年 崙 Napoleon Bismarck 例 力 理論 79 歷 論 例 歷 理論 例 不 數 崙 領 便 崙不 75. John Ikenberry, Democracy, Liberalism and American Restraint, in John Ikenberry, ed., America Unrivaled (New York: Cornell University Press, 2002), pp 力 理論 不 冷 力 度 institution 76. 參 略 理論 Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., p 洛 理 羅 歷 79. Kenneth N. Waltz, America as a Model for World? A Foreign Policy Perspective, op. cit., p. 669.

23 論 力 理論 151 力量 80 羅 蘭 利 Victoria 兩 力 領 81 洛 領 聯 略 領 行 兩 歷 不 力 理論 度 不 不 力 略 力 邏 82 洛 歷 度 力 理論 略了歷 略 歷 行 說 力 理論 不 邏 不 理論 了 歷 83 理論 歷 不 不 不 80. Paul W. Schroeder, Why Realism Does not Work Well for International History? in John Vasquez and Colin Elman, eds., Realism and the Balancing of Power (Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, 2003), p Rechard Rosecrance, Is There A Balance of Power, in John Vasquez and Colin Elman, eds., op. cit., p Ibid., p. 158,.., they balance against threat not against power. 裡 讀 力 爲 狀 不 力 說 不 力 力 不 易 略 說 來 狀 力 力 來 更 說 參 Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., pp ; Kenneth N. Waltz, The Origins of War in Neorealist Theory, in Robert I. Rotberg and Theodore K. Rabb, eds., The Origin and Prevention of Major Wars (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988), p Paul W. Schroeder, Why Realism Does not Work Well for International History? in John Vasquez and Colin Elman, eds., op. cit., pp

24 年 7 更不 來 理論 不 84 力 理論 理論 歷 理論 歷 不 漏 力 理論 行 力 不 句 說 力 理論更 行 略 邏 力 理論 力 85 隸 offensive realism 例 力 理論 邏 了 行 collective action 裡 來 兩 力 不 更 說 略 行 力 buck-passing 行 量 行 略 不 更 力 absolute power 略 更 86 力 行 度來 便 不 理 略 84. John Vasquez, The New Debate on Balancing Power: A Reply to My Critics, in John Vasquez and Colin Elman, eds., op. cit., pp John J. Mearsheimer, The Tragedy of Great Power Politics (New York: W. W. Norton, 2001), Ch Ibid., pp

25 論 力 理論 153 略 87 力 理 略 不 行 略 歷 力 理論 度 歷 力 例 洛 行 hide 力 略 略 洛 歷 行 說 了 行 理 88 利 切 來 行 例 勒 Randall. L. Schweller 利 量 89 兩類 來 了 binding 離 distancing engagement 行 略 不 利 行 jackal bandwagon piling on domino effect 90 勒 念裡 力 行 略 不 更不 律 勒 度 利 說 度 了 力 87. Ibid., p Paul W. Schroeder, Historical Reality vs. Neo-realist Theory, op. cit., pp 洛 數 理論 理論 reductionist 89. Randall. L. Schweller, Deadly Imbalance (New York: Columbia University Press, 1998), p Ibid., pp

26 年 7 利 狀 了 立 不 勒 利 行 度 利 力 理論 度 力 流 不 力 行 行 行 行 數 理論 歷 行 立 conciliator 念 91 了 說 狀 聯 不 行 略 兩例 說 1792 年 1797 年 若 來 略 力 年 兩 年兩 立 略 不 91. Stephen Walt, The Origins of Alliances, op. cit., p Paul W. Schroeder, The Collapse of the Second Coalition, Journal of Modern History, Vol. 59, No. 2 (1987), pp ; Schroeder, Historical Reality vs. Neo-realist Theory, op. cit., pp

27 論 力 理論 年 1890 年 來 1870 年 立 不 93 立 立 不 狀 不 行 略 離 行 年 來 若 立 不 1935 年 8 立 Act. of Neutrality 蘭 利 立 度 立 不參 聯 the League of Nations 行 94 Abyssinia 參 聯 利 力 利 1200 年 金 金 略 力不 金 狀 不 了 不 金 不 Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics, op. cit., pp ; Michael Sheehan, The Balance of Power: History and Theory (New York: Routledge, 1996), pp Laurent Goetschel, Small States and the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)of the EU:A Comparative Analysis, NRP42 Project Final Report (Berne, May 2000), p Yuan-Kang Wang, Offensive Realism and the Rise of China, Issues & Studies, Vol. 40, No. 1 (2004), p. 186.

28 年 7 力 理論 了 歷 例 力 理論 行 不 漏 行 了 力量 兩 行 略 行

29 論 力 理論 157 理 略 量 力 不 行 1 狀 力 2 不 立 3 度 兩 行 不 兩 例 兩 不 力 略 若 兩 不 例 冷 不 說 狀 行 立 若 不 行 略 力 立 行 行 理 力 不 不 行 論 力 念 列 行理 力 力量 狀 力 理 略 歷

30 年 7 力 狀 力 力 理論 了 了 力 理論 金 96 力 讀 歷 力 理論更 行 略 寧 力 邏 流 理論 理論 力 力 行 力 更 行 量 力 理論 惡 切 聯 Reinhold Niebuhr 類 惡 了 力 力 97 了 力 更 切 說 力 力 力 98 力 力 不 易 不 99 力 理論 列 力 利 了 the peace without war 了 力 不 96. Evan Luard, The Balance of Power: The System of International Relations, (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992), Ch Reinhold Niebuhr, Christianity and Power Politics (New York: Charles Scribner s Sons, 1940), p Hendley Bull, The Anarchical Society, op. cit., p 狀 99. Hans J. Morgenthau, Politics among Nations, 6 th ed, op. cit., pp. 194,

31 論 力 理論 159 利 利 略 力 理論 了 律 了 力 力 不 聯 力 理論 省 了 聯 力量 great power politics 利 力 來 利 不 2006 年 年 年 7 8

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36 年 7 Researching the Theory of Balance of Power: A Realist View Tan, Wei-en Ph. D. Program, Department of Diplomacy, National Chengchi University Abstract The Balance of Power theory (BOP) is an essential part of Realism; it is a mechanism present to keep the stability and order of the international system. The review of historical interactions among states, i.e. the Concert of Europe and the Cold War, are good examples to verify the Realist approach on the BOP. The different schools of Realism, nevertheless, have their own perceptions of BOP. Classical Realism and Neo-Realism have different opinions concerning the reasons behind the emergence and the typology of BOP. Even Neo-Realism, the mainstream of international political theories has diverse voices, as well some scholars who belong to this camp have proposed academic modification and complementation to make up for Waltz s BOP theory. By introducing and explaining the BOP theories, this article points out the considerable contribution of Neo-Realism on the BOP theory; an effective interpretation of the reasons behind the existence of BOP and an explanation of the reason why the BOP is an inevitable tendency and why it unceasingly rules during the process of international relations. Waltz, a neo-realist, emphasized on the the balance of system structure rather than an allied balance among nations. Furthermore, even though the BOP plays a key role in international politics, it is yet not a reliable mechanism to control states' powers and behaviors, as well its theoretical flaws result in the failure to comprehensively and effectively explain states behavior and maintain the

37 論 力 理論 165 international order. In the end, no matter if the BOP is a real mechanism for keeping stability and states' interests or not, it is still a principle in a world where the great power politics talk. Keywords: Balance of Power, Realism, International Order, International System

38 年 7